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How electrostatic forces affect particle behaviour in turbulent channel flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2023

Huan Zhang Open the ORCID record for Huan Zhang [Opens in a new window] ,
Yuankai Cui  and
Xiaojing Zheng Open the ORCID record for Xiaojing Zheng [Opens in a new window]
Huan Zhang
Affiliation:
Center for Particle-laden Turbulence, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
Yuankai Cui
Affiliation:
Center for Particle-laden Turbulence, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
Xiaojing Zheng*
Affiliation:
Research Center for Applied Mechanics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: xjzheng@lzu.edu.cn
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Abstract

In dispersed two-phase flows, particle electrification is a prevalent phenomenon that plays a crucial role in particle transport. However, the influences of electrostatic forces on particle behaviour in wall-bounded turbulent flows, especially in bidisperse cases, is not well understood. In this study, using direct numerical simulations based on a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian point-particle approach at friction Reynolds number $Re_\tau =550$, we demonstrate that when the electrostatic Stokes number is of the order of $O(10^{-1})$, electrostatic forces could considerably alter particle behaviour in both monodisperse and bidisperse particle-laden turbulent channel flows. Specifically, the wall-normal profiles of the particle concentration are determined by the competition of turbophoresis, biased sampling and electrostatic effects. The electrostatic forces are found to reduce the concentrations of lighter particles by electrostatic drift directly, whereas they alter those of heavier particles by strengthening turbophoresis indirectly. With increasing electrical charge, the dynamics of the lighter particles remains approximately unchanged, but that of the heavier particles is modulated significantly due to their relatively strong particle–electrostatic interaction. In the near-wall region, electrostatic forces tend to homogenize the distribution of lighter particles in the spanwise direction by inhibiting the formation and destruction of particle clusterings and voids, thereby maintaining the anisotropic streaky clusterings. Furthermore, even though the clustering dynamics remains unchanged, the spatial extents of the clusterings at the channel centreline are suppressed (enhanced) by a factor of two, probably due to the remarkable reduction (increase) of particle concentration in this layer.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 967 , 25 July 2023 , A8
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© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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