Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m8s7h Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T22:18:51.475Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Pressure spectra in turbulent free shear flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2006

William K. George
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Buffalo, Amherst, New York 14260
Paul D. Beuther
Affiliation:
Owens Corning Fiberglas Co. Technical Center, Granville, Ohio 43023
Roger E. A. Arndt
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414

Abstract

Spectral models for turbulent pressure fluctuations are developed by directly Fourier transforming the integral solution to the Poisson equation for a homogeneous constantmean-shear flow. The turbulence-turbulence interaction is seen to possess the well-known k−7/3 inertial subrange and to dominate the high-wavenumber region. The turbulence–mean-shear contribution is seen to be dominant in the energy-containing range and falls off as $k^{-\frac{11}{3}}$ in the inertial subrange. The subrange constants and the mean-square pressure fluctuation are evaluated using a spectral model for the velocity. A spectral analysis of the velocity contamination of a pressure probe is also presented. Results are compared with spectral measurements with a static-pressure probe in the mixing layer of an axisymmetric jet.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1984 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arndt, R. E. A. & Nilsen, A. W. 1971 On the measurement of fluctuating pressure in the mixing zone of a round jet. ASME Paper 71-FE-31.Google Scholar
Arndt, R. E. A., Tran, N. C. & Barefoot, G. L. 1974 Turbulence and acoustic characteristics of screen perturbed jets. AIAA J. 12, 261262.Google Scholar
Bahnk, T. 1971 Error characteristics of a static pressure probe in isotropic turbulence. B.S. thesis, Dept Aerospace Engng, Pennsylvania State University.
Barefoot, G. L. 1972 Fluctuating pressure characteristics in the mixing region of a perturbed and unperturbed round free jet. M.S. thesis, Dept Aerospace Engng, Pennsylvania State University.
Batchelor, G. K. 1951 Pressure fluctuations in isotropic turbulence. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 47, 359374.Google Scholar
Batchelor, G. K. 1953 The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence. Cambridge University Press.
Beuther, P. D., George, W. K. & Arndt, R. E. A. 1977a Modeling of pressure spectra in a turbulent shear flow. Am. Acoust. Soc. Meeting Paper, State College, Pa.
Beuther, P. D., George, W. K. & Arndt, R. E. A. 1977b Pressure spectra in a turbulent shear flow. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 22, 1285.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, P., Ferris, D. H. & Johnson, R. F. 1964 Turbulence in a noise-producing region of a round free jet. J. Fluid Mech. 19, 591624.Google Scholar
Chandrasekhar, S. 1949 On Heisenberg's elementary theory of turbulence. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 200, 2033.Google Scholar
Corrsin, S. 1951 The decay of isotropic temperature fluctuations in an isotropic turbulence. J. Aero. Soc. 18, 417423.Google Scholar
Davies, P. O. A. L., Fischer, M. J. & Barrett, M. J. 1963 The characteristic of the turbulence in the mixing layer of a round jet. J. Fluid Mech. 15, 337367.Google Scholar
Dutton, J. A. & Deaven, D. C. 1972 Some properties of atmospheric turbulence. In Statistical Models and Turbulence (ed. M. Rosenblatt & C. W. Van Atta). Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 12, pp. 402406. Springer.
Elliot, J. A. 1972 Microscale pressure fluctuations measured within the lower atmospheric boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 3, 351383.Google Scholar
Frenkiel, F. N. & Klebanoff, P. S. 1966 Space—time correlations in turbulence. In Dynamics of Fluids and Plasmas (ed. S. I. Pai). Academic.
Fuchs, H. V. 1970 Über die Messung von Druck-Schwankungen mit umströmten Mikrofonen in Freistrahl. DFVLR Tech. Rep. DLR-FB70-22.Google Scholar
Fuchs, H. V. 1972 Measurement of pressure fluctuations within subsonic turbulent jets. J. Sound Vib. 22, 361378.Google Scholar
George, W. K. 1974 The equilibrium range of turbulent pressure spectra. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 19, 1158.Google Scholar
George, W. K. & Beuther, P. D. 1977 Pressure spectra in a homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 22, 1285.Google Scholar
George, W. K., Beuther, P. D. & Arndt, R. E. A. 1980 Pressure spectra in turbulent free shear flows. AIAA Aero. Meeting Paper 80–0985, Hartford, Conn.
Golitzin, G. S. 1964 Time spectrum of micro-fluctuations in atmospheric pressure. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geofiz. 8, 12531258.Google Scholar
Gossard, E. E. 1960a Power spectra of temperature, humidity, and refractive index from aircraft and tethered balloon measurements. Trans. Inst. Radio Engrs on Antennas and Propagation AP-8, 186–201.Google Scholar
Gossard, E. E. 1960b Spectra of atmospheric scalars. J. Geophys. Res. 65, 33393351.Google Scholar
Heisenberg, W. 1948 Zur statischen Theorie der Turbulenz. Z. Phys. 124, 628657.Google Scholar
Hinze, J. D. 1959 Turbulence, An Introduction to its Mechanism and Theory. McGraw-Hill.
Igarashi, J. & Fujisama, A. 1968 Space and time correlation of the pseudo-pressure field. 6th Intl Congr. Acoust., Paper F-4-4.Google Scholar
Inoue, E. 1954 The application of turbulence theory to oceanography. J. Met. Soc. Japan 28, 441456.Google Scholar
Jones, B. G., Adrian, R. J., Nithianandan, C. K. & Planchon, H. P. 1979 Spectra of turbulent static pressure fluctuations in jet mixing layers. AIAA J. 17, 449457.Google Scholar
Khwaja, M. S. 1980 Spectral characteristics of the jet mixing layer. MS thesis, Dept Mech. Engng, State University of NY at Buffalo.
Kobashi, Y. 1957 Measurements of pressure fluctuation in the wake of a cylinder, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 12, 533.Google Scholar
Kobashi, Y., Kono, N. & Nishi, T. 1960 Improvement of a pressure pick-up for the measurements of turbulence characteristics. J. Aero. Sci. 27, 149.Google Scholar
Kolmogorov, A. 1941 The local structure of turbulence in incompressible viscous fluid for very large Reynolds numbers. C.R. Acad. Sci. URSS 30, 301305.Google Scholar
Kraichnan, R. H. 1956 Pressure field within homogeneous anistropic turbulence. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 28, 64.Google Scholar
Lighthill, M. J. 1964 An Introduction to Fourier Analysis and Generalized Functions. Cambridge University Press.
Lilley, G. M. 1958 On the noise from air jets. ARC Rep. 20.Google Scholar
Lumley, J. L. 1965 Interpretation of time spectra measured in high intensity shear flows. Phys. Fluids 8, 10561062.Google Scholar
Lumley, J. L. 1970 Stochastic Tools in Turbulence. Academic.
Mackawa, T. 1965 Pressure fluctuation measuring apparatus with condenser microphone. In Proc. 15th Japanese Natl Congr. Appl. Mech.
Michalke, A. & Fuchs, H. V. 1975 On turbulence and noise of an axisymmetric shear flow. J. Fluid Mech. 70, 179205.Google Scholar
Mikkelsen, T. 1978 Unpublished data of Risø 1978 experiment.
Miksad, R. W. 1976 Omni-directional static pressure probe. J. Appl. Met. 15, 12151225.Google Scholar
Millionshchikov, M. D. 1941 Theory of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geofiz. 5, 433446.Google Scholar
Monin, A. S. & Yaglom, A. M. 1975 Statistical Fluid Mechanics, vol. II. MIT Press.
Obukhov, A. M. 1949 Pressure fluctuations in a turbulent flow. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geofiz. 3, 4968.Google Scholar
Obukhov, A. M. & Yaglom, A. M. 1951 Microstructure of a turbulent jet flow. Prikl. Mat. Mekh. 15, 326.Google Scholar
Pao, Y. H. 1965 Structure of turbulent velocity and scalar fields at large wavenumbers. Phys. Fluids 8, 10631075.Google Scholar
Planchon, H. P. 1974 The fluctuating static pressure field in a round jet mixing region. Ph.D. thesis, University of Illinois.
Planchon, H. P. & Jones, B. G. 1974 A study of the local pressure field in turbulent shear flow and its relation to aerodynamic noise generation. In Proc. 2nd Interagency Symp. on University Res. in Trans., vol. 1, pp. 2135.
Reynolds, W. C. 1976 Computation of turbulent flows. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 8, 183208.Google Scholar
Rouse, H. 1953 Cavitation in the mixing zone of a submerged jet. Houille Blanche 8, 9.Google Scholar
Sami, S., Carmody, T. & Rouse, H. 1967 Jet diffusion in the region of flow establishment. J. Fluid Mech. 27, 231252.Google Scholar
Siddon, T. E. 1969 On the response of pressure measuring instrumentation in unsteady flow. Univ. Toronto Inst. Aerospace Rep. 136.Google Scholar
Spencer, B. W. 1974 Statistical investigation of turbulent velocity and pressure fields in a two stream mixing layer. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana.
Spencer, B. W. & Jones, B. G. 1971 A bleed-type pressure transducer for in-stream measurement of static pressure fluctuations. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 42, 450454.Google Scholar
Strasberg, M. 1963 Measurements of fluctuating static and total head pressure in a turbulent wake. AGARD Rep. 464.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. I. 1935 Statistical theory of turbulence. IV. Diffusion in a turbulent air stream. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 151, 465478.Google Scholar
Taylor, G. I. 1936 Statistical theory of turbulence. V. Effect of turbulence on boundary layer. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 156, 307317.Google Scholar
Tennekes, H. & Lumley, J. L. 1972 A First Course in Turbulence. MIT Press.
Townsend, A. A. 1976 The Structure of Turbulent Shear Flow, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press.
Tran, N. 1972 Turbulence characteristics in the mixing region of a perturbed and unperturbed round free jet. M.S. thesis, Dept Aerospace Engng, Pennsylvania State University.
Uberoi, M. S. 1953 Quadruple velocity correlations and pressure fluctuations in isotropic turbulence. J. Aero. Sci. 20, 197204.Google Scholar
Van Atta, C. W. & Wyngaard, J. C. 1975 On higher-order spectra of turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 72, 673694.Google Scholar
Von Frank, E. 1970 Turbulence characteristics in the mixing region of a perturbed and unperturbed round free jet. MS thesis, Dept Aerospace Engng, Pennsylvania State University.
Von Kármán, T. 1948 Progress in the statistical theory of turbulence. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 34, 530539.Google Scholar
Willmarth, W. W. 1975 Pressure fluctuation beneath turbulent boundary layers. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 7, 1338.Google Scholar
Wills, J. A. B. 1964 On convection velocities in turbulent shear flows. J. Fluid Mech. 20, 174432.Google Scholar
Wyngaard, J. C. & Clifford, S. F. 1975 Taylor's hypothesis and high frequency turbulence spectra. J. Atmos. Sci. 34, 922929.Google Scholar
Yaglom, A. M. 1949 Acceleration field in a turbulent flow. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 67, 795798.Google Scholar