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Glaciological Literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2017

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Copyright © International Glaciological Society 1972

This is a selected list of glaciological literature on the scientific study of snow and ice and of their effects on the Earth; for the literature on polar expeditions, and also on the “applied” aspects of glaciology, such as snow ploughs, readers should consult the bibliographies in each issue of the Polar Record. For Russian material the system of transliteration used is that agreed by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use in 1947. Readers can greatly assist by sending reprints of their publications to the Society, or by informing Dr J. W. Glen of publications of glaciological interest. It should be noted that the Society does not necessarily hold copies of the items in this list, and also that the Society does not possess facilities for microfilming or photocopying.

References

Conferences

Gudmandsen, P., ed. Proceedings of the international meeting on radioglaciology, Lyngby, May 1970. Lyngby, Technical University of Denmark, Laboratory of Electromagnetic Theory, 1970. viii, 170 leaves. [Proceedings of conference: 22 papers.]Google Scholar
[International Association of Hydraulic Research.] I.A.H.R. symposium: ice and its action on hydraulic structures, Reykjavik, Iceland, [8]–10 September 1970. [Delft, International Association of Hydraulic Research, 1971.] [iv], [659] p. [Proceedings of symposium. For details of some individual papers see elsewhere in this list.]Google Scholar

General glaciology

Adams, W. P. Snow in education or vice versa. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 916. [Discusses possibilities of snow as a useful medium in the teaching of various school and university subjects, mentioning recent developments in Ontario schools.]Google Scholar
Belcher, D., and others. Mariner photography of Mars and aerial photography of Earth: some analogies, [by] Belcher, D., Veverka, J. and Sagan, C. Icarus, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1971, p. 24152. [Glacial moraines, sand dunes and thermokarst features were identified; evidence is presented in support.]Google Scholar
Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971. ix, 412 p. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) [For details of individual papers, see elsewhere in this list.]Google Scholar
Delsemme, A. H., and Miller, D. C. Physico-chemical phenomena in comets—III. The continuum of comet Burnham (1960 II). Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 19, No. 10, 1971, p. 122957. [Likely existence of halo of large ice particles surrounding the nucleus and their effect.]Google Scholar
Delsemme, A. H., and Miller, D. C. Physico-chemical phenomena in comets—IV. The C2 emission of comet Burnham (1960 II). Planetary and Space Science, Vol. 19, No. 10, 1971, p. 125974. [Model assumes ice grains in halo vapourize “emitters”.]Google Scholar
Jahn, A. Lód i zlodowacenia [Ice and glaciations]. Warszawa, Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, [c1971]. 316 p. [Sections deal with glaciers, ground ice and floating ice (river, lake and sea).]Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T. Sukēto-rinku no kōri no chōsa [Investigation of ice in skating rinks]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 5, 1969, p. 12628.Google Scholar
Konovalov, G. V. Glyatsio-geomorfologicheskaya kharakteristika zapadnoy chasti vostochnoy Antarktidy [Glaciological and geomorphological characteristics of the western part of eastern Antarctica]. Leningrad, Gidrometeorologicheskoye Izdatel’stvo, 1971. 123 p. [Enderby Land and Dronning Maud Land.]Google Scholar
Kusunoki, K. Nankyoku no seppyō kenkyū [Glaciological research in the Antarctic]. Shizenkagaku to Hakubutsukan, Vol. 37, Nos. 9–10, 1970, p. 197205.Google Scholar
Sharp, R. P., and others. The surface of Mars. 4. South polar cap, [by] Sharp, R. P., Murray, B. C., Leighton, R. B., Soderblom, L. A. and Cults, J. A.. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 76, No. 2, 1971, p. 35768. [Implications of observations of physical features from Mariner photographs are discussed with respect to the physical nature, distribution, thickness and behaviour of the pole-cap frost.]Google Scholar

Glaciological instruments and methods

Arden, R. S. Instrumentation for ice investigations in the Niagara River. (In [International Association of Hydraulic Research.] I.A.H.R. symposium: ice and its action on hydraulic structures, … 1970, [1971], paper 1.3, 16 p.) [Survey of instruments used to measure and record water temperature, and equipment to facilitate observation of frazil and anchor ice in natural water environment. Discussion, p. 15–16.]Google Scholar
Evenson, E. B. A method for 3-dimensional microfabric analysis of tills obtained from exposures or cores. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 40, No. 2, 1970, p. 76264. [Detailed description of technique.]Google Scholar
Harrison, C. H. Radio-echo sounding: focusing effects in wavy strata. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 24, No. 4, 1971, p. 383400. [An airborne system employing a wide downward-looking beam has produced records of the Antarctic ice sheet containing fault-like, near-vertical lines through the strata of partially-reflecting layers within the ice. Suggests that interpretation of lines as near-vertical faults is incorrect, and an explanation is given developing the geometry of specularly reflected echoes from a stack of continuous undulating strata.]Google Scholar
Ivanov, V. B. K voprosu opredeleniya orientirovki kristallov pri krupnozernistoy strukture l’da [Determining crystal orientation of coarse-grained ice]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seriya Geologii i Geografii, 1971, No. 12, p. 15052. [Using modified Brandis eclymeter and special goniometer table. English abstract, p. 152.]Google Scholar
Schmidt, R. A., and Holub, E. W. Calibrating the snow particle counter for particle size and speed. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Forest Service. Research Note RM-189, 1971, 8 p. ( Laboratory calibration shows the photoelectric counter gives useful estimates of size and speed although adjustments will be necessary for optimum performance in the field.]Google Scholar
Weiss, H. V. Determination of selenium in glacial ice by radioactivation. Analytica Chimica Acta, Vol. 56, No. 1, 1971, p. 13639. [Description of technique.]Google Scholar

Physics of ice

Babcock, R. V. Traces and fields in ice. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, Vol. 31, No. 5, 1970, p. 2915. [Theoretical study of equilibrium distribution of ionic and Bjerrum defects in ice with electric field. Abstract of Ph.D. thesis, Carnegie-Mellon University, 1970. University Microfilms order no. 70-20893.]Google Scholar
Babcock, R. V., and Longini, R. L. Equilibrium structure of polarized ice. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 56, No. 1, 1972, p. 344-53. [Theoretical study of distribution of ionic and Bjerrum defects.]Google Scholar
Bales, B. L., and Kevan, L. EPR studies of multiple Ag0 trapping sites produced in gamma irradiated frozen Agno3 ices. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 55, No. 3, 1971, p. 132736. [At 77 K neutral silver is formed in several magnetically distinct sites. On heating these states decay. Results discussed in terms of L-defect formation.]Google Scholar
Balow, M. J. Sputtering of ice grains in HII regions. Nature, Physical Science, Vol. 232, No. 33, 1971, p. 15253. [Letter. Draws attention to an error in paper by Mathews, W. G., Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 157, No. 2, 1969, p. 58399. which results in gross overestimate of sputtering.]Google Scholar
Baxter, R. J. Eight-vertex model in lattice statistics. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 26, No. 14, 1971, p. 83233. [Solution of statistical mechanical model which includes the 2-dimensional ice model as a special case.]Google Scholar
Carter, D. Brittle fracture of snow ice. (In [International Association of Hydraulic Research.] I.A.H.R. symposium: ice and its action on hydraulic structures, … 1970, [1971], paper 5.2, 10 p.) [Derivation of brittle fracture criteria for both tensile and compressive tests by means of energy balance considerations. Discussion, p. 910.]Google Scholar
Chessin, H., and Vonnegut, B. Lattice spacings of pseudobinary solid solutions of silver bromide and silver iodide. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 93, No. 19, 1971, p. 496466. [Letter. Results for closest atom separations compared with that of ice and related to disregistry between ice and the solid solutions.]Google Scholar
Coriell, S. R., and others. A non-linear analysis of experiments on the morphological stability of ice cylinders freezing from aqueous solutions, by S. R. Coriell and S. C. Hardy and R. F. Sekerka. Journal of Crystal Grouth, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1971, p. 5367. [Theory developed and applied to recent experiments; ice–water surface tension deduced.]Google Scholar
Davy, J. G., and Somorjai, G. A. Studies of the vaporization mechanism of ice single crystals. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 55, No. 8, 1971, p. 362436. [ Experiments on rate of vaporization and effect of crystal orientation, doping and absorbed gases.]Google Scholar
Eiben, K., and Wieczorek, H. Reactions of electrons in irradiated ice. Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie, Bd. 75, Nr. 7, 1971, p. 67678. [Experimental study of reaction of electrons with excess protons in ice studied in alkali hydroxide glasses with aromatic carboxylic acids.]Google Scholar
Eisele, I., and Kevan, L. Temperature dependence of the Hall mobility of electrons in glassy 10 M NaOH ice. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 55, No. 11, 1971, p. 540709. [Letter. Mobility found to increase with decreasing temperature.]Google Scholar
Eldrup, M., and others. Positron annihilation in γ-irradiated 10 M NaOH, glassy ice at 85° K, [by] Eldrup, M. and Mogensen, O. and Kevan, L. Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1971, p. 37980. [Trapped electrons do not affect positron lifetime spectra.]Google Scholar
Finnegan, W. G., and others. Evaluation of ice nuclei generator systems, by Finnegan, W. G., Amand, P. St., Burkardt, L. A. Nature, Vol. 232, No. 5306, 1971, p. 11314 [Discussion of various systems.]Google Scholar
Glen, J. W. Total melting time in the ablating-slab problem. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 43, No. 1, 1972, p. 258. [Result obtained by Rogerson and Chayt, ibid., Vol. 42, No. 7, 1971, p. 2711–13. can be derived more simply from conservation of energy.]Google Scholar
Gold, L. W. The failure of ice. (In [International Association of Hydraulic Research.] I.A.H.R. symposium: ice and its action on hydraulic structures, … 1970, [1971], paper 5.1, 8 p.) [Discusses cracking activity occurring in columnar-grained ice during creep and constant rate of strain tests, when a load is applied perpendicular to the long direction of the grain. Application to behaviour of ice round structures. Discussion, p. 7–8.]Google Scholar
Gornostansky, S. D., and Kern, C. W. Analysis of the D and 17O quadrupole coupling constants in ice Ih. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 55, No. 7, 1971, p. 325359. [Theoretical calculation of how hydrogen bond formation in the solid affects these constants relative to the vapour.]Google Scholar
Gross, G. W. Freezing potentials in the system H2O—NH3—CO2 at controlled concentrations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 6, 1971, p. 100514. [Experiments show highest potentials occur when CO2 concentration equals or exceeds that of NH3.]Google Scholar
Holzapfel, W. B. On the symmetry of the hydrogen bonds in ice VII. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 56, No. 2, 1972, p. 71215. [Theoretical study predicts a transition to symmetric hydrogen bonding at 350–800 kbar.]Google Scholar
Hutchinson, W. C. A., and Martin, P. F. Dependence of ice melting electrification on earlier freezing rate. Nature, Physical Science, Vol. 233, No. 43, 1971, p. 161. [Letter. Observations using water similar to rainwater.]Google Scholar
Jayaweera, K. O. L. F. Calculations of ice crystal growth. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 5, 1971, p. 72836. [Calculations using electrostatic analogy of growth rates and masses at different times including effect of ventilation due to falling.]Google Scholar
Kamb, W. B., and others. Ordered proton configuration in ice II, from single-crystal neutron diffraction, [by] Kamb, [W.] B. and Hamilton, W. C. and Laplaca, S. J. and Prakash, K... Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 55, No. 4, 1971, p. 193445. [Crystal structure analysis by neutron diffraction from D2O single crystal of ice II.]Google Scholar
Kawabata, K. Trapped electron in the irradiated single crystal of ice doped with some impurities: its formation and photobleaching at 77° K. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 55, No. 8, 1971, p. 367281. [Experimental study on H2O and D2O crystals doped with fluorides shows colouration on gamma irradiation absent with other dopants.]Google Scholar
Kirgintsev, A. N., and Shavinskiy, B. M. Opredeleniye linii solidusa tverdykh rastvorov l’da i NH4F napravlennoy kristallizatsiyey [Determination of the solidus line for ice and NH4F solid solutions by directed crystallization]. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1971, No. 9, p. 185962. [Experimental results.]Google Scholar
Kvajić, G., and Brajović, V. Anisotropic segregation of (K+) by dendritic ice crystals. Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1971, p. 7376. [Measurement on freezing KOH solutions in various crystallographic directions.]Google Scholar
Lavrov, V. V. Deformation and strength of ice. Translated by Pelz, T. Edited by Yakovlev, G. N. Jerusalem, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, 1971. v, 164 p. [Translation of Deformatsiya i prochnost’ l’da. Leningrad, Gidrometeorologicheskoye Izdatel’stvo, 1969.]Google Scholar
Le Petit, J. P., and Lafargue, G. Mise en évidence et comportement de “molecules d’eau libres” dans la glace. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires de Séances de l’Académie des Sciences (Paris), Sér. B, Tom. 273, No. 12, 1971, p. 42124. [Discontinuities in high frequency permittivity or its temperature derivative observed in ice at a series of definite temperatures.]Google Scholar
Lubkin, G. B. Solution of eight-vertex model excites critical-point theorists. Physics Today, Vol. 24, No. 9, 1971, p. 17, 1920. [Discusses importance of recent paper by R. J. Baxter, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 26, No. 14, 1971, p. 83233, which solves a statistical mechanical model which contains the 2-dimensional ice model as a special case.]Google Scholar
Margolis, G., and others. The performance of a continuous well stirred ice crystallizer, [by] Margolis, G., Sherwood, T. K., Brian, P. L. T., and Sarofim, S. A. F.. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1971, p. 43952. [Observations on system show interrelation between various parameters in this system for water desalination.]Google Scholar
Minton, A. P. Interactions between water molecules in the vapour and condensed phases. Transactions of the Faraday Society, Vol. 67, Pt. 5, 1971, p. 122641. [Theoretical study of intermolecular potential energies in systems of up to eight water molecules.]Google Scholar
Nayar, H. S., and others. Creep of dispersions of ultrafine amorphous silica in ice, [by] Nayar, H. S., Lenel, F. V. and Ansell, G. S.. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 42, No. 10, 1971, p. 378689. [Steady-state creep rates of this material are much less than for pure ice. Activation energy is stress dependent.]Google Scholar
Novikov, P. A., and Vagner, Ye. A. Issledovaniye mekhanizma teplo- i massoobmena pri sublimatsii v vynuzhdennom potoke razrezhennogo gaza [Mechanism of heat and mass transfer during sublimation in forced flow of rarefied gas]. Inzhenerno-Fizicheskiy Zhurnal, Tom 20, No. 4, 1971, p. 70005. [Visual observations used to develop relations for sublimation rate and convective mass-transfer parameter as function of gas flow when ice sphere evaporates. English summary, p. 705.]Google Scholar
Oguro, M., and Higashi, A. Concentric dislocation loops with [0001] Burgers vectors in ice single crystals doped with NH3 . Philosophical Magazine, Eighth Ser., Vol. 24, No. 189, 1971, p. 71318. [X-ray diffraction topographs used to locate dislocations. Loops attributed to non-uniform impurity distribution.]Google Scholar
Pastori-Parravicini, G., and Resca, L. Symmetry analysis and electronic states in cubic ice. Journal of Physics, C, Vol. 4, No. 15, 1971, p. L31417. [Theoretical analysis of two models, one with half hydrogens, other with definite proton positions.]Google Scholar
Roulleau, M., and others. The electrical nucleation of ice in supercooled clouds by M. Roulleau, L. F. Evans and N. Fukuta. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 5, 1971, p. 73740. [Experiments on nucleation on an electrified wire.]Google Scholar
Salaita, G. N., and Robeson, A. Pulsed-neutron diffusion parameters in mixtures of heavy and light water and ice. Nuclear Science and Engineering, Vol. 46, No. 2, 1971, p. 21422. [Results used to discuss discontinuities across the freezing phase transition.]Google Scholar
Santus, R., and others. Environmental effects on the deprotonation of indole derivatives in alkaline ices, by Santus, R., Montenay-Garestier, T., Helene, C., and Aubailly, M. Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 75, No. 20, 1971, p. 306166. [Observations of fluorescence and its variation with small amounts of alcohol and their interpretation.]Google Scholar
Sharanin, Yu. I., and others. Electrochemical detection of excited states during pulse radiolysis of crystalline ice, by Sharanin, Yu. I., Shubin, V. N., Pernikova, T. E., Zolotarevsk[i]y, V. I. Dolin, P. I.. Nature, Physical Science, Vol. 234, No. 44, 1971, p. 1415. [Observation of a peak in electrical conductivity of ice single crystals a short time after pulse radiolysis.]Google Scholar
Stehle, N. S. Adfreezing strength of ice. (In [International Association of Hydraulic Research.] I.A.H.R. symposium: ice and its action on hydraulic structures, … 1970, [1971], paper 5.3, [13] p.) [Adfreezing strength increased with decreasing temperature but lessened after being subjected to long term loads. It was affected also by type and shape of pile as well as by type of ice and temperature. Discussion, p. [6].]Google Scholar
Steinberger, E. H., and Rahamim, S. Electrical properties of ice. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1971, p. 59598. [Electrical conductivity, thermoelectric effect and potential difference at a junction with NaF-doped ice determined.]Google Scholar
Zu-shung, Sun and Tien, C. Free convection heat transfer of a layer of liquid heated from below—effect of maximum density. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1971, p. 50509. [Experimental study.]Google Scholar
Swamy, K. S. K., and Wickramasinghe, N. C. Strengths of the fundamental bands of ice and solid hydrogen in composite grains. Observatory, Vol. 89, No. 969, 1969, p. 5759. [Discussion of model of interstellar extinction for grains with ice mantles.]Google Scholar
Tyson, W. R. Elastic strain energy of dislocations in ice. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 49, No. 16, 1971, p. 218186. [Calculations using anisotropic elasticity theory.]Google Scholar
Vali, G. Quantitative evaluation of experimental results on the heterogeneous freezing nucleation of supercooled liquids. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 3, 1971, p. 40209. [Method of analysing experiments to give differential and cumulative nucleus spectra.]Google Scholar
Yashkichev, V. I. Model’ kollektivnogo dvizheniya molekul vody v vode. IV. Izmeneniye chastoty smeshcheniya molekul pri plavlenii l’da [Model of the collective motion of water molecules in water. IV. Change in the frequency of molecular displacement during the melting of ice]. zhurnal Strukturnoy Khimii, Tom 12, No. 2, 1971, p. 31920. [Diffusion in ice attributed to displacement of 2H2O molecular groups. Discussion of how this changes as ice melts.]Google Scholar

Land ice. Glaciers. Ice shelves

Ambach, W., and others. Ergebnisse von Isotopenmessungen am Gletscherbach des Kesselwandferners (Ötztaler Alpen), [by] Ambach, W., Eisner, H., Moser, H., Rauert, W. [and] Stichler, W. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 20912. [Measurements of annual and daily fluctuations of the isotope content of run-off from the Kesselwandferner enabled calculation of the percentage of melt water discharged in the total run-off.]Google Scholar
Beitzel, J. E. Geophysical exploration in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 3987. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) ) [Measurements of ice thickness and surface elevation were obtained, also information on properties of subglacial terrain, from South Pole–Dronning Maud Land traverses, 1964–65 and 1965–66 summer seasons.]Google Scholar
Bentley, C. R. Seismic anisotropy in the west Antarctic ice sheet. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 13177. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) ) [Results of analysis of 16 refraction and reflection profiles, Marie Byrd Land–Ellsworth Highland 1957–61, and comments on ice crystal orientation.]Google Scholar
Bentley, C. R. Seismic evidence for moraine within the basal Antarctic ice sheet. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 89129. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) ) [Discusses implications of a low-amplitude seismic echo reflecting from a horizon a few hundred metres above the bottom of the ice sheet. Widely observed in Marie Byrd Land–Ellsworth Highland region.]Google Scholar
Bentley, C. R., and Chang, F.-K. Geophysical exploration in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 138. (Antarctic Research Scries, Vol. 16.) ) [Observations on topography of ice sheet and subglacial terrain, from over-snow traverses in 1959 and 1960.]Google Scholar
Budd, W. F., and others. Derived physical characteristics of the Antarctic ice sheet. Mark 1, by W. F. Budd, D. Jenssen and U. Radok. Melbourne, University of Melbourne. Meteorology Dept., 1971. xv, 178 p. (University of Melbourne. Meteorology Dept., Publication No. 18.) [Characteristics include temperature and velocity distribution, age of ice, particle paths and patterns of flow, and state of balance.]Google Scholar
Budd, W. F., and Radok, U. Glaciers and other large ice masses. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 34, No. 1, 1971, p. 170. [Deals especially with recent advances in flow properties of ice, dynamics of large ice masses, thermodynamics of polar ice masses and long-term changes in large ice masses.]Google Scholar
Chapman, W. H., and Jones, W. J. Analysis of ice movement at the Pole station, Antarctica. U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 700-C, 1970, p. C242C246. [Average movement computed to be 19 m/year in a direction parallel to 37° W meridian.]Google Scholar
Collins, S. G. Exploration on a surging glacier. Explorers Journal, Vol. 49, No. 2, 1971, p. 12429. [Visits to Rusty Glacier (here unofficially named “Fox Glacier”), Yukon Territory, Canada, in anticipation of its surge.]Google Scholar
Dansgaard, W., and others. Reinterpretation of deep ice temperatures, [by] Dansgaard, W., Johnsen, S. J. [and] Langway, C. C. Nature, Physical Science, Vol. 233, No. 37, 1971, p. 40. [Points out inaccuracies in Budd, Jenssen and Radok’s report (ibid., Vol. 232, No. 30, 1971, p. 8485).]Google Scholar
Dewart, G. Gravimeter observations on Anvers Island and vicinity. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 17990. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) ) [Data used to estimate regional gravity anomaly and thickness of part of the island ice cap, 1967.]Google Scholar
Eto, T. Seismic studies during the JARE South Pole traverse 1968–69. (In Murayama, M., ed. Report of the Japanese traverse Syowa–South Pole 1968–1969. Tokyo, National Science Museum, Polar Research Center, 1971, p. 11524. (Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition Scientific Reports. Special Issue No. 2.) ) [Difficulty was experienced, during measurement of ice thickness by seismic reflection shooting at 100 km intervals, with prolonged noise on cold firn after detonation.]Google Scholar
Harrison, C. H. Radio echo records cannot be used as evidence for convection in the Antarctic ice sheet. Science, Vol. 173, No. 3994, 1971, p. 16667. [Criticizes Hughes’ use of radio echo records as evidence for convection plumes in the Antarctic ice sheet (ibid., Vol. 170, No. 3958, 1970, p. 630–33).]Google Scholar
Hoinkes, H. C. Über Beziehungen zwischen der Massenbilanz des Hintereisferners (Ötztaler Alpen, Tirol) und Beobachtungen der Klimastation Vent. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 25964. [Method described for estimating mass balance of Hintereisferner from daily observations of Vent climatological station (1893 m).]Google Scholar
[Italy: Glaciers] Comitato Glaciologico Italiano. Archivio fotografico. Catalogo generale. [Sezione 1—ghiacciai italiani.] [Torino, Comitato Glaciologico Italiano, 1970.] [95] leaves. [First part of the general catalogue of the photographic archives of the Comitato Glaciologico Italiano, listing particulars of photographs of Italian glaciers.]Google Scholar
Jiracek, G. R., and Bentley, C. R. Velocity of electromagnetic waves in Antarctic ice. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 199208. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) ) [Measurements in floating and grounded ice of different thicknesses and temperatures. Differences in average velocity are related to differences in average density of the ice column. Implications for ice thickness measurements discussed.]Google Scholar
John, B. S., and Sugden, D. Creeping streams of ice. Geographical Magazine, Vol. 43, No. 12, 1971, p. 85357. [Short informative account of glacier systems for the layman.]Google Scholar
Kiver, E. P., and Mumma, M. D. Summit firn caves, Mount Rainier, Washington. Science, Vol. 173, No. 3994, 1971, p. 32022. [Describes system of steam-formed ice caves in a volcanic crater.]Google Scholar
Lambert, G., and others. Balance of 90Sr over Antarctica: existence of a protected area, [by] Lambert, G., Ardouin, B., Brichet, E. and Lorius, C., Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 11, No. 4, 1971, p. 31723. [Study of firn cores from Terre Adélie and from Mirny–“Vostok” showed area of low contamination around “Vostok” and “Crest” stations. Implication discussed.]Google Scholar
Lang, H. Über den Einfluss meteorologischer Faktoren auf den Schmelzwasserabfluss. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 21314. [Discusses relationship between glacier run-off and meteorological factors.]Google Scholar
Langway, C. C., jr., and others. Deep drilling into polar ice sheets for continuous cores, [by] Langway, C. C., Jr., Gow, A. J. and Hansen, B. L. (In Quam, L. O., ed. Research in the Antarctic. A symposium presented at the Dallas meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science—December, 1968. Washington, D.C., American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1971, p. 35165. (Publication No. 93.) ) [Describes drilling programmes and methods in Greenland and Antarctica, and summarizes results.]Google Scholar
Messel, S. Mass and heat balance of Omnsbreen—a climatically dead glacier in southern Norway. Norsk Polar-institute. Skrifter, No. 156, 1971, 43 p. [Observations in 1966–70. Comparison with some other Norwegian glaciers.]Google Scholar
Miller, K. J., ed. The Cambridge Staunings Expedition 1970. Vol. 1. General report and the glaciological projects. Cambridge, University of Cambridge. Dept. of Engineering, 1971. 66 leaves. [Field work on Roslin Gletscher, East Greenland: determination of depth of ice by radio echo sounding and temperature profiles.]Google Scholar
Morev, V. A., and Shamont’yev, V. A. Eksperimental’noye bureniye lednikovogo pokrova (Experimental drilling of the ice cover]. Informatsionnyy Byulleten’ Sovetskoy Antarkticheskoy Ekspeditsii, No. 78, 1970, p. 10204. [Bore hole 210 m deep near Mirny, 1968.]Google Scholar
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Icebergs. Sea, river and lake ice

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Glacial geology

Andrews, J. T. Ambiguous “glacial” striae formed near waterbodies: discussion. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 8. No. 10, 1971, p. 133132. [Comments on McLellan’s article (ibid., Vol. 8, No. 4, 1971, p. 477–79).]Google Scholar
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Calkin, P. E. Glacial geology of the Victoria Valley system, southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 363412. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.) ) [Siudy of deposits and other features enable some suggestions to be made about earlier glaciations.]Google Scholar
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Connally, G. G. Pleistocene mountain glaciation, northern Vermont: discussion. Geological Society of America. Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 6, 1971, p. 176366. [Supports Wagner’s theory (ibid., Vol. 81, No. 8, 1970, p. 2465–69) that glaciation took place here.]Google Scholar
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John, B. S., and Sugden, D. S. Raised marine features and phases of glaciation in the South Shetland Islands. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin, No. 24, 1971, p. 45111. [Describes four distinctive landform groups and examines the significance of their interrelationships in the landscape evolution of this region. Evidence from elsewhere in Antarctica and Fuego-Patagonia is compared with this.]Google Scholar
Kellaway, G. A. Glaciation and the stones of Stonehenge. Nature, Vol. 233, No. 5314, 1971, p. 3035. [Suggests that ice sheets rather than human activity brought bluestones to Salisbury Plain from South Wales.]Google Scholar
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Lasca, N. P. Moraines in the Hemnefjord area, western Norway. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse, No. 266, 1970, p. 6269. [Results of radiocarbon dating and conclusions drawn from these.]Google Scholar
Lliboutry, L. A. Rheological properties of the asthenosphere from Fennoscandian data. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 76, No. 5, 1971, p. 143346. [Discusses existing theories of isostatic uplift and shows that Van Beramelen and Berlage’s solution is valid for the uplift of the central area of Fennoscandia between 7200 and 2000 B.C. enabling study of influence of nonlinear viscosity to be made.]Google Scholar
Mckenzie, G. D., and Goldthwait, R. P. Glacial history of the last eleven thousand years in Adams Inlet, southeastern Alaska. Geological Society of America. Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 7, 1971, p. 176782. [Thick sections of Wisconsin and younger deposits exposed in this recently deglaciated area enable some detailed observations to be made.]Google Scholar
Mclellan, A. G. Ambiguous “glacial” striae formed near waterbodies: reply. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 10, 1971, p. 1332. [Comments on Andrews’ discussion (ibid., Vol. 8, No. 10. 1971, p. 1331–32).]Google Scholar
Margolis, S. V., and Kennett, J. P. Cenozoic paleoglacial history of Antarctica recorded in subantarctic deep-sea cores. American Journal of Science, Vol. 271, No. 1, 1971, p. 136. [Cores examined for surface features on quartz sand grains, percentage of ice-rafted sand grains, and species diversity of planktonic foraminifera. Conclusions discussed.]Google Scholar
Matuszkiewicz, A. J. Nowe poglądy na pochodzenie zlodowaceń [New opinions on origin of glaciations]. Czasopismo Geograficzne, Tom 42, Zeszyt 3, 1971, p. 24552. [Reviews recent (1964–68) theories of the causes of glacial periods. English summary, p. 251–52.]Google Scholar
Meyerhoff, A. A., and Teichert, C. Continental drift, III: late Paleozoic glacial centers, and Devonian-Eocene coal distribution. Journal of Geology, Vol. 79, No. 3, 1971, p. 285321. [Evidence suggests that the continents and ocean basins have been in their present positions since late Carboniferous or earlier time.]Google Scholar
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Mörner, N.-A. Comparison between Late Weichselian and Late Wisconsin ice marginal changes. Eizeitalter und Gegenwart, Bd. 21, 1970, p. 17376. [Sequence of ice marginal changes in the Erie, Ontario, lobe area compared to that for southern Scandinavia. Good correlation suggests a close climatic control of global validity.]Google Scholar
Mörner, N.-A. The Plum Point interstadial: age, climate, and subdivision. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 11, 1971, p. 142331. [Radiocarbon dates from Scarborough Bluffs, Toronto, suggest that the most temperate part of this interstadial coincided with the Denekamp interstadial in Europe.]Google Scholar
Nagl, H. Zur eiszeitlichen Vergletscherung der Seckauer Tauern. Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, Bd. 113, Ht. 12, 1971, p. 2533. [Study of glacial geology, particularly moraines, in this region of Austria suggests extent of glaciation during Riss and Würm periods.]Google Scholar
Nichols, R. L. Glacial geology of the Wright Valley, McMurdo Sound. (In Quam, L. O., ed. Research in the Antarctic. A symposium presented at the Dallas meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science—December, 1968. Washington, D.C., American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1971, p. 293340. (Publication No. 93.)) [Detailed description of the features of this valley, review of current knowledge, and discussion backed by author’s own observations.]Google Scholar
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O’Connell, R. J. Pleistocene glaciation and the viscosity of the lower mantle. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 23, No. 3, 1971, p. 299327. [Investigates the response of the Earth to large-scale deformations imposed by the load of Pleistocene ice sheets and the change in sea-level occasioned by their melting.]Google Scholar
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Paskoff, R. État résumé des acquisitions récentes sur le Quaternaire chilien. Cahiers de Géographie de Québec, 15e An., No. 35, 1971, p. 289315. [Recent advances in knowledge of Chilean Quaternary discussed.]Google Scholar
Paterson, K. Weichselian deposits and fossil periglacial structures in north Berkshire. Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association, Vol. 82, Pt. 4, 1971, p. 45567. [Field investigations show occurrence of deposits probably from Late Weichselian glaciation. Considerable evidence of frost heaving.]Google Scholar
Powell, D., and Saxena, M. N. Tillite horizons in the Chamba Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh, north India. Journal of the Geological Society (London), Vol. 127, Pt. 6, 1971, p. 59598. [Describes tillites of a Lower Carboniferous or older glacial deposit.]Google Scholar
Price, R. J. The development and destruction of a sandur, Breidamerkurjökull, Iceland. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 3, No. 3, 1971, p. 22537. [Build-up and destruction of a sandur in association with buried ice over a short period of time (1961–65).]Google Scholar
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Shchukin, I. S. Bylo li pokrovnoye chetvertichnoye oledeneniye v gornykh stranakh umerennykh shirot [Were there Quaternary ice caps in mountainous areas in temperate latitudes]? Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Ser. 5, 26 God, [No.] 3, 1971, p. 1934. [Concludes that they occurred only rarely.]Google Scholar
Sissons, J. B., and Brooks, C. L. Dating of early postglacial land and sea level changes in the western Forth valley. Nature, Physical Science, Vol. 234, No. 50, 1971, p. 12427. [Evidence obtained enables graphs of relative sea-level changes and hence land uplift to be drawn for this area of Scotland.]Google Scholar
Stewart, D. P. Pleistocene mountain glaciation, northern Vermont: discussion. Geological Society of America. Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 6, 1971, p. 175960. [Does not agree with Wagner, ibid., Vol. 81, No. 8, 1970, p. 2465–69, that glaciation definitely took place in this region.]Google Scholar
Tipper, H. W. Glacial geomorphology and Pleistocene history of central British Columbia. Canada. Geological Survey. Bulletin 196, 1971, [xiv], 89 p., 8 maps. [Physiographical and glacial features of the region as a whole and glacial geology of each map area individually are described and the glacial history is discussed.]Google Scholar
Trenhaile, A. S. Drumlins: their distribution, orientation, and morphology. Canadian Geographer, Vol. 15, [No.] 2, 1971, p. 11326. [Reviews and discusses present knowledge and refers to drumlins in southern Ontario.]Google Scholar
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Wagner, W. P. Pleistocene mountain glaciation, northern Vermont. Geological Society of America. Bulletin, Vol. 81, No. 8, 1970, p. 246569. [Presents evidence for local valley glaciers in the Green Mountains; presence of an ice cap seems unlikely.]Google Scholar
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Frost action on Rocks and Soil. Frozen ground. Permafrost

Anisimova, N. P. Formirovaniye khimicheskogo sostava podzemnykh vod talikov na primere tsentral’noy Yakutii [Formation of the chemical composition of subsoil water in thawed areas in permafrost on the basis of central Yakutiya]. Moscow, Izdatel’stvo “Nauka”, 1971. 195 p.Google Scholar
Brosche, K.-U. Neue Beobachtungen zu vorzeitlichen Periglazialerscheinungen im Ebrobecken. zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Bd. 15, Ht. 1, 1971, p. 10714. [Investigations show presence of periglacial features in Ebro basin, Spain.]Google Scholar
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Ckurski, Z. Pseudomorfozy szczelin lodowych w okolicy Solca Kujawskiego [Ice-wedge casts in the neighbourhood of Solec Kujawski]. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Nauki Matematyczno-Przyrodnicze, Zeszyt 26, Geografia 8, 1971, p. 5164. [Describes fossil ice wedges found in this region of Poland, and discusses their origin. English summary, p. 63–64.]Google Scholar
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Dionne, J.-C. Fentes de cryoturbation tardiglaciaires dans la région de Québec. Revue de Géographie de Montréal, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1971, p. 24564. [Describes fossil ice wedges found near Quebec and discusses implications.]Google Scholar
Dresch, J. Observations sur les buttes gazonnées, les tourbières et les “palsas” en Laponie. Acta Geographica Lodziensia, No. 24, 1970, p. 12933. [Note on occurrence and formation of turf mounds and palsas in northern Scandinavia.]Google Scholar
Higashi, A., and Corte, A. E. Solifluction: a model experiment. Science, Vol. 171, No. 3970, 1971, p. 48082. [Laboratory experiments showing that soil subjected to repeated freeze-thaw cycles in an inclined container revealed every process of solifluction, especially of frost creep.]Google Scholar
Hornbrook, E. H. W., and Jonasson, I. R. Mercury in permafrost regions: occurrence and distribution in the Kaminak Lake area, Northwest Territories. Canada. Geological Survey. Paper 71–43, 1971, vi, 13 p. [Mercury is penetrating extensive thicknesses of perennially frozen till in this area, producing a distribution directly related to the bedrock geology. Economic and social implications are mentioned.]Google Scholar
Jahn, A. Delta rzeki Mackenzie [The Mackenzie Delta]. Czasopismo Geograficzne, Tom 42, Zeszyt 3, 1971, p. 21732. [Detailed observations of ground ice near Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk, with particular reference to pingos, polygons, and thermokarst action on tundra. English summary, p. 232.]Google Scholar
Kelletat, D. Zum Problem der Verbreitung, des Alters und der Bildungsdauer alter (inaktiver) Periglazialerscheinungen im Schottischen Hochland. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Bd. 14, Ht. 4. 1970, p. 51019. [Observations on periglacial features in the Scottish Highlands.]Google Scholar
Kinosita, S. Eikyū-tōdo [Permafrost]. Kyokuchi: Polar News, [Vol.] 6, [Pt.] 2, [No.] 12, 1971, p. 3949.Google Scholar
Kotarba, A. Investigation of contemporaneous morphogenetic processes in the western Tatra Mts. Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica, Vol. 4, 1970, p. 15969. [Mentions effect of nivation.]Google Scholar
Kryuchkov, V. V. Poligonal’no-pyatnistyye prirodno-territorial’nyye kompleksy kak landshaftno-zonal’noye yavleniye Arktiki i Subarktiki [Polygon patterned natural territorial complexes as landscape features in the Arctic and Subarctic], Zhizn’ Zemli. Sbornik Muzeya Zemlevedeniya MGU, No. 6, 1970, p. 10220. [Examples from Soviet Arctic.]Google Scholar
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Rapp, A., and Clark, G. M. Large nonsorted polygons in Padjelanta national park, Swedish Lappland. Geografiska Annaler, Vol. 53A, No. 2, 1971, p. 7185. [Study of these fossil or largely inactive polygons during the last decade.]Google Scholar
Raup, H. M. The vegetational relations of weathering, frost action, and patterned ground processes, in the Mesters Vig district, northeast Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, Bd. 194, Nr. 1, 1971, 92 p. [Tolerance ranges of vascular plants to variations in coverage, moisture and frost and non-frost disturbance on seven habitats characterized by weathering, frost action and patterned ground.]Google Scholar
Raynal, R. Les formations litées de versants en milieu périglaciaire. Contribution à une mise au point d’ensemble. Acta Geographica Lodziensia, No. 24, 1970, p. 37187. [Slope formation in a periglacial environment, with examples from Spitsbergen.]Google Scholar
Stäblein, G. Untersuchung der Auftauschicht über Dauerfrost in Spitzbergen. Eiszeitalter und Gegenwart, Bd. 21, 1970, p. 4757. [Factors affecting thawing of ground in west and south-east Svalbard included vegetation and frost patterns.]Google Scholar
Sugden, D. E. The significance of periglacial activity on some Scottish mountains. Geographical Journal, Vol. 137, Pt. 3, 1971, p. 38892. [Describes and discusses periglacial phenomena in the Cairngorm Mountains and relationships of these with glacial landforms.]Google Scholar
Usov, V. A. Podzemnyyel’dy i psevdotektonicheskiye deformatsii sloyev pribrezhno-morskikh otlozheniy [Underground ice and pseudotectonic deformation of strata of coastal deposits]. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seriya Geologii i Geografii, 1970, Vyp. 4, p. 14852. [Aspects of permafrost structure in north-west Siberia.]Google Scholar
Veshev, A. V., and others. Opyt primeneniya metodov elektrorazvedki peremennym tokom v usloviyakh mnogoletney merzloty [Attempt to apply electric profiling methods (alternating current) in permafrost]. [By] Veshev, A. V., Ivochkin, V. G., Pertel’, M. I. Yakovlev, A. V. Vestnik Leningradskogo Universiteta, Seriya Geologii i Geografii, 1971, Vyp. 1, p. 2430. [Problems of interpretation caused by permafrost.]Google Scholar
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White, S. E. Debris falls at the front of Arapaho rock glacier, Colorado Front Range, U.S.A. Geografiska Annaler, Vol. 53A, No. 2, 1971, p. 8691. [Results of air observations, 1961–70, discussed. Falls correlated to surface movement of whole rock glacier.]Google Scholar
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Meteorological and climatological glaciology

Dranevich, Ye. P. Gololed i izmoroz’, Usloviya obrazovaniya, prognoz i gololednoye rayonirovaniye severo-zapada yevropeyskoy territorii SSSR [Glaze and hoar-frost. Conditions of formation, forecasting and their distribution in north-western European U.S.S.R.]. Leningrad, Gidrometeorologicheskoye Izdatel’stvo, 1971. 228 p.Google Scholar
Isono, K., and others. Concentration and nature of ice nuclei in the rim of the North Pacific Ocean, by Isono, K., Komabayasi, M., Takeda, T., Tanaka, T., Iwai, K., Fujiwara, M.. Tellus, Vol. 23, No. 1, 1971, p. 4059. [Simultaneous collections in Japan, Alaska, Washington state and Hawaii, and discussion of origin.]Google Scholar
Nawratil, R. Mediciónes de mantos de nieve por radar y satélite. Boletín del Servicio de Hidrografía Naval, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1970, p. 513. [Discusses use of meteorological satellites and radar for measuring parameters affecting the forecasting of water supply from snow cover.]Google Scholar
Orvig, S., ed. Climates of the polar regions. Amsterdam, Elsevier Publishing Co., 1970. x, 370 p. (World Survey of Climatology, Vol. 14.) [Covers Greenland, Arctic basin, Antarctic.]Google Scholar
Rosinski, J., and others. Natural ice-forming nuclei in severe convective storms, [by] Rosinski, J., Langer, G., Nagamoto, C. T. and Kerrigan, T. C. and Prodi, F.. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 3, 1971, p. 391401. [Study of sources of nuclei, kind found in hailstones, and of process of ice formation.]Google Scholar
Silvestri, P. Azione perturbatrice di un bacino idroelettrico sugli elementi naturali del comprensorio: ghiacciaio—temperature precipitazzioni. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 24952. [The hydroelectric basin in Valle Formazza, Alpi Lepontine, is fed by Ghiacciaio d’Hohsand and appears to be exercising a thermoregulating effect on the climate of the area.]Google Scholar
Vowinckel, E., and Orvig, S. Synoptic heat budgets at three polar stations. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1971, p. 38796. [Results from “Byrd” station, “Wilkes” station, and Sachs Harbour, N.W.T., Canada, used to discuss characteristics of polar budgets.]Google Scholar

Snow

Agee, E. M. An artificially induced local snowfall. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 52, No. 7, 1971, p. 55760. [Local snow cover distribution and accompanying meteorological data suggest that precipitation was initiated by introduction of power plant and factory effluents into a supercooled fog and stratus cloud.]Google Scholar
Babkin, Yu. S., and others. K voprosu ob oslablenii izlucheniya na volne 0.96 mm v snege [Attenuation of radiation at a wave-length of 0.96 mm in snow]. [By] Babkin, Yu. S., Iskhakov, I. A., Sokolov, A. V., Stroganov, L. I., Sukhonin, Ye. V. Radiotekhnika i Elektronika, Tom 15, No. 12, 1970, p. 245962. [Theoretical and experimental study. Translation in Radio Engineering and Electronic Physics, Vol. 15, No. 12, 1970, p. 2171–74.]Google Scholar
Benson, C. S. Stratigraphic studies in the snow at Byrd station, Antarctica, compared with similar studies in Greenland. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 33353. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Studies on snow accumulation.]Google Scholar
Bentley, C. R. Secular increase of gravity at South Pole station. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 19198. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Observations suggest 90% of gravity change is attributable to the sinking of the station partly in balance with the normal snow accumulation rate and partly in response to the superimposed load of the snow drift caused by the presence of the station.]Google Scholar
Bilello, M. A. Frozen precipitation—its frequency and associated temperatures. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 6880. [Data on frozen precipitation in North American cities analysed, and tables and graphs presented for use in solving problems in design, construction and operation of equipment for snow and ice control.]Google Scholar
Børresen, J. A. Doppler radar study of shear zones and turbulence in a snowstorm. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1971, p. 43342. [Presents and discusses results of VAD (velocity azimuth display) study of snow-storm on night of 29 February–1 March 1968.]Google Scholar
Brandes, E. A., and Spar, J. A search for necessary conditions for heavy snow on the east coast. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1971, p. 397409. [No obvious characteristic antecedent patterns either 12 or 24 h prior to onset of snow, east coastal plain of the United States.]Google Scholar
Bull, C. B. B. Snow accumulation in Antarctica. (In Quam, L. O., ed. Research in the Antarctic. A symposium presented at the Dallas meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science—December, 1968. Washington, D.C., American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1971, p. 367421. (Publication No. 93.)) [From a review of methods and results of estimating snow balance in Antarctica, author presents and discusses a map illustrating mean annual snow balance.]Google Scholar
Cameron, R. L. Glaciological studies at Byrd station, Antarctica. 1963–1965. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 31732. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Studies on snow accumulation.]Google Scholar
Daguchi, M. Fukui chihō ni okeru sekisetsu no butsurigaku-teki seishitsu, 2 [Snow cover observations [at Goshogahara District, in] Fukui, 2]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 6, 1969, p. 14550. [Study of variations from December to April. English abstract, p. 150.]Google Scholar
Daguchi, M. Hakusan no sekkei-chōsa-hōkoku (dai nihō) [Studies of snow patches on Mt. Hakusan in summer, 2]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1969, p. 10103. [Summarizes observations. English abstract, p. 103.]Google Scholar
Dunlap, D. V. Probabilities of extreme snowfalls and snow depths. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 6467. [Presents a technique of statistical analysis for determining the return period in years of a snowfall or snow depth of a particular magnitude.]Google Scholar
Falconer, R. E., and Hogan, A. W. Capture of aerosol particles by ice crystals. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 18. [Determination of amount and type of aerosol deposited with precipitation, and amount of sediments reaching the surface during winter months, by analysis of falling snow and snow pack.]Google Scholar
Federer, C. A., and Leonard, R. E. Snowmelt in hardwood forests. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 95109. [Describes and discusses effects of solar and long-wave radiation, convection, and condensation-evaporation on snow melt, and relation of snow melt to soil water movement, for this type of forest.]Google Scholar
Ferguson, E. W. Picture of the month. Satellite view of a lake-effect snowstorm. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 99, No. 3, 1971, p. 24748. [Snow-storm to the lee of Lake Erie, 23 November 1970.]Google Scholar
Friedman, I., and Smith, G. I. Deuterium content of snow cores from Sierra Nevada area. Science, Vol. 169, No. 3944, 1970, p. 46770. [Measurement. Variation with altitude but not latitude. Use as climatic indicator to compare winters.]Google Scholar
Fujiwara, K., and Endo, Y. Preliminary report of glaciological studies. (In Murayama, M., ed. Report of the Japanese traverse Syowa–South Pole 1968–1969. Tokyo, National Science Museum, Polar Research Center, 1971, p. 68109. (Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition Scientific Reports. Special Issue No. 2.)) [Reports results of investigations into snow accumulation and snow surface conditions.]Google Scholar
Hamilton, W. L. Atmospheric dust records in permanent snowfields: implication to marine sedimentation: discussion. Geological Society of America. Bulletin, Vol. 81, No. 10, 1970, p. 317576. [Criticizes 210Pb result of Windom (ibid., Vol. 80, No. 5, 1969, p. 761–82). Reply by Windom, p. 3177.]Google Scholar
Hamilton, W. L., and O’Kelley, M. E. Investigation of particulate matter in Antarctic firn. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 35562. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Frequency-size distribution data for water-soluble micro-particles in firn from various sites are compared and discussed.]Google Scholar
Hare, F. K. Snow-cover problems near the Arctic tree-line of North America. Reports from the Kevo Subarctic Research Station, Vol. 8, 1971, p. 3140. [Maintains that water balance calculations throw doubt on reliability of existing measurement practices of snowfall and snow cover in taiga and forest tundra of North America.]Google Scholar
Hatano, T., and Imai, T. Itasaku no būsetsu-kinō ni tsuite [On the function of the slat snow fence]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 2, 1969, p. 3743. [Discusses snow fences for avalanche control. English abstract, p. 43.]Google Scholar
Hendrick, R. L. Effects of watershed environment on snowmelt. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 2532. [An environment–snow melt model is developed from a study of the relationships between snow pack, its physical setting and the meteorological factors causing melting, and applied to the New England area.]Google Scholar
Hendrick, R. L., and others. Application of environmental analysis to watershed snowmelt, [by] Hendrick, R. L., and Filgate, B. D. and Adams, W. M. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 10, No. 3, 1971, p. 41829. [Spatial diversity in forest cover, elevation and slope aspect contribute toward spatial diversity in snow melt rates and a resultant time staggering in the release of melt water over a watershed.]Google Scholar
Herb, H. Lawinensicherung durch Schneefeldsprengungen im bayerischen Alpenraum. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 24748. [Describes use of explosives to control avalanches in the Bavarian Alps.]Google Scholar
Higuchi, K. Tanensei-sekkei no jikyū-kagakuteki imi [On the relation between glaciological studies on perennial snow-patches and the other research fields in earth sciences]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 3, 1969, p. 6368. [Perennial snow may be studied from the point of view of glaciology, climatology, meteorology, hydrology, geomorphology, etc. English abstract, p. 68.]Google Scholar
Higuchi, K., and others. Tsurugizawa ni okeru tannensei sekkei no kenkyū [Glaciological studies on the perennial snow-patches ín Tsurugizawa, part I (1967)]. [By] Higuchi, K., Watanabe, O., Ushiki, H., Okuhira, F. [and] Ageta, Y.. Seppyō, Vol. 32, No. 6, 1970, p. 12946. [Observations during 1967 of mass balance of snow, ice layers and ice crystals in this snow-patch situated at altitude 2750 m. English abstract, p. 146.]Google Scholar
Holroyd, E. W., III, and Jiusto, J. E. Snowfall from a heavily seeded cloud. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1971, p. 26669. [Describes ground variations in snow crystal type, size and concentration as a seeded cloud passed by.]Google Scholar
Hoyer, M. C. Puget Peak avalanche, Alaska. Geological Society of America. Bulletin, Vol. 82, No. 5, 1971, p. 126784. [Reports effects of 1964 earthquake at the head of Puget Bay, particularly the large rock-snow avalanche that slid into the bay.]Google Scholar
Imai, T. Fubuki idōryō no keisan to taisetsuryō no tekigōsei [Conformity of calculated values of drifting snow with measured snow drift]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 1, 1969, p. 713. [Accurate measurement of wind velocity, temperature and snowfall enable quantity of drifting snow to be estimated. English abstract, p. 13.)Google Scholar
Inuma, M., and Kurita, T. Gōsetsu-chitai ni okeru sugi yōreiboku no setsugai to jukan-keitai narabi ni ne tono kankei ni tsuite [On the relation of snow damage of young Cryptomeria Japonica trees to the shape of stems and the root system in heavy snow regions]. Seppyō, Vol. 32, Nos. 1–2, 1970, p. 1822. [Effect of snow when young trees are covered completely. English abstract, p. 22.]Google Scholar
Itō, H. Shitsujun-sekisetsu no ichijiku asshuku shiken [Unconfined compression test of wet snow]. Seppyō, Vol. 31 No. 6, 1969, p. 15162. (Results from wet, dense, summer snow and application to construction of foundations English abstract, p. 162.]Google Scholar
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Jiusto, J. E., and Kaplan, M. L. Snowfall properties of Lake Erie and Ontario storms. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 1724. [Study of effect of wind direction, topography, inland distance, temperature and time of year on snow depth and crystal forms.]Google Scholar
Keller, H. M., and Meiman, J. R. Der Einfluss der Topographie auf die Schneeverteilung in zwei kleinen voralpinen Einzugsgebieten. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 25357. [Demonstrates importance of topography when measuring water equivalent of snow.]Google Scholar
Kitamura, M., and others. Sugi yōreirin ni okeru sekisetsushin to bisai-chikei to no kankei ni tsuite (1) [On the relation between the depth of snow on the young stand of Cryptomeria Japonica and the micro-topographic factors (1)]. [By] Kitamura, M., Suto, S. [and] Ishibashi, H., Seppyō, Vol. 32, Nos. 1–2, 1970, p. 49. [In latter half of period December to May, snow depth was noticeably affected by topographic features and trees. English abstract, p. 9.]Google Scholar
Kobayashi, F. Jinkō-setsuhō no ichi-kōhō [Artificial release of avalanches]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 2, 1969, p. 4449. [Describes artificial release with explosives for protection of roads. English abstract, p. 49.]Google Scholar
Kobayashi, F., and Fujino, A. Bakuha ni yoru jinkō-nadare hassei kōhō kara nadare hassei bōshi kōhō e no tenkai ni kansuru jikken-kenkyū [Experimental study of the development from engineering methods using explosives for the production of man-made avalanches to engineering methods for the prevention of their production]. Seppyō, Vol. 32, No. 3, 1970, p. 6370. [Compression method used to melt snow by blasting, applicable to snow on slopes of gradient 30°–40°. English abstract, p. 70.]Google Scholar
Koerner, R. M. A Stratigraphic method of determining the snow accumulation rate at Plateau station, Antarctica, and application to South Pole–Queen Maud Land traverse 2, 1965–1966. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 22538. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Apart from regions of very high or very low accumulation, results were reasonably accurate.]Google Scholar
Lorenz, D. Oberflächentemperaturmessungen von schneebedeckten Hängen. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 22529. [Discusses results of air and surface temperature measurements of snow-covered slopes in upper Bavaria.]Google Scholar
Lovie, C. Les avalanches de neige en Savoie durant l’hiver 1969–1970. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 23539. [Describes and discusses meteorological conditions causing unusually heavy avalanches in Savoie, France, winter 1969–70.]Google Scholar
Lowndes, C. A. S. Substantial snowfalls over the United Kingdom, 1954–69. Meteorological Magazine, Vol. 100, No. 1188, 1971, p. 193207. [Analysis of results from 41 stations.]Google Scholar
Magono, C., and others. On the meteorological conditions for the growth of snow crystals in colder temperature regions, as revealed by radiosonde data in the Antarctica [sic], by Magono, C., Kikuchi, K. and Yamami, N. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 49, No. 3, 1971, p. 17983. [Observations on formation of various types of crystals at temperatures below −20°C.]Google Scholar
Manley, G. Scotland’s semi-permanent snows. Weather, Vol. 26, No. 11, 1971, p. 45871. [Observations of persistence of snow-beds, mainly around Ben Nevis, mostly since 1938.]Google Scholar
Murozumi, M., and others. Sodium, potassium, and magnesium concentrations in polar snows, [by] Murozumi, M., Torii, T. and Fujiwara, K. (In Murayama, M., ed. Report of the Japanese traverse Syowa-South Pole 1968–1969. Tokyo, National Science Museum, Polar Research Center, 1971, p. 11314. (Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition Scientific Reports. Special Issue No. 2.)) [Concentrations more than 1 part in 109.]Google Scholar
Naruse, R., and others. Nankyoku Shōwa kichi okeru sekisetsu to kaihyō kansoku [Observations of snow accumulation and sea ice at “Syowa” station, Antarctica]. [By] Naruse, R., Endō, Y., Ishida, T. [and] Ageta, Y.. Nankyoku Shiryō: Antarctic Record, No. 40, 1971, p. 5764. [In English. Summarizes observations made from March 1967 to January 1970.]Google Scholar
O’Brien, H. W. Visibility and light attenuation in falling snow. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 9, No. 4, 1970, p. 67183. [Simultaneous measurements of attentuation and snow concentration.]Google Scholar
Paine, D. A., and Kaplan, M. L. The parameterization and prediction of synoptic-scale influences on Great Lakes snowstorms. Proceedings of the 28th annual Eastern Snow Conference, 1971, p. 8194. [Forecasting technique.]Google Scholar
Picciotto, E. E., and others. Accumulation on the South Pole–Queen Maud Land traverse, 1964–1968. [by] Picciotto, E. [E.] and Crozaz, G. [and] Breuck, W. De. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and ice studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 257315. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Describes successful use of radiometric methods for measuring snow accumulation, based on distribution of fission products with depth in firn, and on decay of lead-210.]Google Scholar
Plas, J. J. Les avalanches dans les Alpes françaises. 10 ans d’observations et de mesures. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 24146. [Reviews early studies of avalanches in the French Alps, leading to detailed measurements made since 1959.]Google Scholar
Ricketts, J. N. An unusual early winter snowfall, Jersey. Weather, Vol. 26, No. 12, 1971, p. 52123. [Describes conditions leading to heavy snowfall on 26 December 1970, Channel Islands.]Google Scholar
Rieben, E. Les travaux de défense contre les avalanches. Les Alpes. Bulletin Mensuel du Club Alpin Suisse, 1971, No. 11, p. 25761. [Outlines current practices in avalanche defence in the Alps for the protection of villages, roads, industrial installations, etc.]Google Scholar
Riedl, J. Fernmessung des Wassergehalts einer winterlichen Schneedecke mit Hilfe eines radioaktiven Präparates. Annalen der Meteorologie, Neue Folge, Nr. 5, 1971, p. 23133. [Describes γ-radiation gauge for determining water equivalent of snow cover, and presents some results for winter 1969–70.]Google Scholar
Rundle, A. S. Snow accumulation and firn stratigraphy on the east Antarctic plateau. (In Crary, A. P., ed. Antarctic snow and tee studies II. Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, 1971, p. 23955. (Antarctic Research Series, Vol. 16.)) [Discusses the problem of determining annual accumulation rates by stratigraphic analysis comparing the results with those from pit studies and radiochemical analysis.]Google Scholar
Saeki, M., and Matsuoka, H. Jakureisō no zensō nadare hassei bōshi kinō [Function of young layer in preventing production of avalanches in all layers]. Seppyō, Vol. 32, No. 3, 1970, p. 4354. [Figures given for numbers and characteristics of trees on various angles of slope that will prevent avalanche formation. English abstract, p. 54.]Google Scholar
Saeki, M., and Matsuoka, H. Kyūshaji no yōrei-rinboku-maisetsu-jōkyō [Snow-buried young forest trees growing on steep slopes]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 1, 1969, p. 1923. [Observations on the extent that young trees growing on steep slopes are buried in snow. English abstract, p. 23.]Google Scholar
Saito, H. Kisetsufū no kōsetsu wa sōki ni ōi [Monsoon snowfalls are heaviest in the early morning]. Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1969, p. 95100. [Statement generally true in Japan; more marked in south and inland regions. English abstract, p. 100.]Google Scholar
Saito, S., and Oomori, T. One-fukin no jumoku no nadare-higai no ichirei [A report on tree damage by avalanche near a ridge of Mt. Owhira-yama, southern Hokkaido], Seppyō, Vol. 31, No. 3, 1969, p. 7679. [Reports avalanche damage to trees grown as avalanche defence. Suggests method of reafforestation. English ahstract, p. 79.]Google Scholar
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