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In vitro nematocidal activity of commercial fatty acids and β-sitosterol against Haemonchus contortus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2020

J.A. Pineda-Alegría ,
J.E. Sánchez ,
M. González-Cortazar ,
E. von Son-de Fernex ,
R. González-Garduño ,
Pedro Mendoza-de Gives ,
A. Zamilpa  and
L. Aguilar-Marcelino Open the ORCID record for L. Aguilar-Marcelino [Opens in a new window]
J.A. Pineda-Alegría
Affiliation:
Area de Helmintología, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos, México
J.E. Sánchez
Affiliation:
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, km 2.5 Carretera al Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
M. González-Cortazar
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos, México
E. von Son-de Fernex
Affiliation:
Centro de Enseñanza Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlapacoyan, Veracruz, México
R. González-Garduño
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Teapa, Tabasco, Mexico
Pedro Mendoza-de Gives
Affiliation:
Area de Helmintología, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos, México
A. Zamilpa
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos, México
L. Aguilar-Marcelino*
Affiliation:
Area de Helmintología, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos, México
*
Author for correspondence: L. Aguilar-Marcelino, E-mail: aguilar.liliana@inifap.gob.mx
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Abstract

Haemonchus contortus is a haematophagous gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) that causes severe anaemia and even death in small ruminants, negatively impacting the economic viability of farms. Traditionally, this parasite has been controlled with chemical compounds; however, inadequate use of these types of products has favoured the emergence of anthelmintic resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to search for alternatives for GIN control. Previous studies have reported the anthelmintic activity of edible mushroom extracts against H. contortus. A recent study reported that a fraction constituted of different fatty acids and β-sitosterol isolated from the basidiomata of the edible mushroom Pleurotus djamor ECS-123 has ovicidal and larvicidal activity against H. contortus. Thus, this study aimed to assess the anthelmintic activity of the pure molecules: pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, β-sitosterol, stearic acid and linoleic acid. For this purpose, an egg-hatching inhibition test was carried out in which the compounds were evaluated individually and in combination at a final concentration of 20 mg mL−1. Furthermore, larval mortality was assessed using a combination of the five commercial compounds previously mentioned at different concentrations (1.25–20 mg mL−1). Palmitic acid and stearic acid, in some combinations, inhibited H. contortus egg hatching by 100%. On the other hand, in the larval mortality test, the combination of the five compounds showed dose-dependent behaviour, and 100% mortality was obtained 24 h post-incubation. Pure molecules and their combinations have anthelmintic-like activity against the eggs and larvae of H. contortus.

Keywords

Gastrointestinal nematodesfatty acidshaemonchosisnematocidal activity
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 94 , 2020 , e135
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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