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Biological variation in Trichinella species and genotypes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2024

F. Bolas-Fernández
F. Bolas-Fernández*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
*
* Fax: 00 34 394 1815, E-mail: francisb@farm.ucm.es.
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Abstract

At present, the genus Trichinella comprises seven species of which five have encapsulated muscle larvae (T. spiralis, T. nativa, T. britovi, T. nelsoni and T. murrelli) and two do not (T. pseudospiralis and T. papuae) plus three genotypes of non-specific status (T6, T8 and T9). The diagnostic characteristics of these species are based on biological, biochemical and genetic criteria. Of biological significance is variation observed among species and isolates in parameters such as infectivity and immunogenicity. Infectivity of Trichinella species or isolates is determined, among other considerations, by the immune status of the host in response to species- or isolate-specific antigens. Common and particular antigens determine the extent of protective responses against homologous or heterologous challenge. The kinetics of isotype, cytokine and inflammatory responses against T. spiralis infections are isolate-dependent. Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis induce different dose-dependent T-cell polarizations in the early host response, with T. spiralis initially preferentially promoting Th1-type responses before switching to Th2 and T. pseudospiralis driving Th2-type responses from the outset.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 77 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 111 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2003

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