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Steinernema khuongi n. sp. (Panagrolaimomorpha, Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode species from Florida, USA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2018

S.P. Stock ,
R. Campos-Herrera ,
F.E. El-Borai  and
L.W. Duncan
S.P. Stock*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, 1140 E. South Campus Dr. Tucson, AZ 85721-0036, Arizona, USA
R. Campos-Herrera
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC), University of Florida (UF), 700 Experiment Station Road, FL, 33850, USA Centro para os Recursos Biológicos e Alimentos Mediterrânicos, Universidade do Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
F.E. El-Borai
Affiliation:
Centro para os Recursos Biológicos e Alimentos Mediterrânicos, Universidade do Algarve Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
L.W. Duncan
Affiliation:
Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC), University of Florida (UF), 700 Experiment Station Road, FL, 33850, USA
*
Author for correspondence: S.P. Stock, Fax: +1-520-621-1150, E-mail: spstock@email.arizona.edu
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Abstract

In this study, molecular (ribosomal sequence data), morphological and cross-hybridization properties were used to identify a new Steinernema sp. from Florida, USA. Molecular and morphological data provided evidence for placing the novel species into Clade V, or the ‘glaseri-group’ of Steinernema spp. Within this clade, analysis of sequence data of the rDNA genes, 28S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS), depicted the novel species as a distinctive entity and closely related to S. glaseri and S. cubanum. Additionally, cross-hybridization assays showed that the new species is unable to interbreed with either of the latter two species, reinforcing its uniqueness from a biological species concept standpoint. Key morphological diagnostic characters for S. khuongi n. sp. include the mean morphometric features of the third-stage infective juveniles: total body length (average: 1066 μm), tail length (average: 65 μm), location of the excretory pore (average: 80.5 μm) and the values of c (average: 16.4), D% (average: 60.5), E% (average: 126) and H% (average: 46.6). Additionally, males can be differentiated from S. glaseri and S. cubanum by the values of several ratios: D% (average: 68), E% (average: 323) and SW% (average: 120). The natural distribution of this species in Florida encompasses both natural areas and citrus groves, primarily in shallow groundwater ecoregions designated as ‘flatwoods’. The morphological, molecular, phylogenetic and ecological data associated with this nematode support its identity as a new species in the S. glaseri-group.

Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 93 , Issue 2 , March 2019 , pp. 226 - 241
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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