Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T11:37:19.718Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Evolution of the Political Role of the Peruvian Military

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Stephen L. Rozman
Stephen L. Rozman*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The following description and analysis of the role of the military in the Peruvian political system and its development from independence to the most recent military supplanting of a civilian government in 1968 should serve a twofold purpose: first, to provide information necessary to the understanding of Peruvian political development; and second, to manifest the claims and demands of a politically relevant (institutional) interest group and its manner of satisfying them. During the course of this article, it should become evident to the reader that it would be impossible to offer even the most general history of Peruvian political development without giving considerable attention to the role of both military personalities and the military as an institution.

It is the author's contention that the evolution of the Peruvian military's political role may be divided into nine phases, each with significance for the country's political system.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs , Volume 12 , Issue 4 , Winter 1970 , pp. 539 - 564
Copyright
Copyright © University of Miami 1970

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Petras, James and Rimensnyder, Nelson, “What is Happening in Peru?” Monthly Review 21 (February 1970): 15 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

2 Gómez, Rosendo A., “Peru: The Politics of Military Guardianship,” in Needier, Martin C., ed., Political Systems of Latin America (Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1964), p. 302 Google Scholar.

3 Acción Popular seemed to be gaining institutional status until the party split badly shortly before the October 1968 coup due to a conflict between President Belaúnde and presidential candidate Edgardo Seoane.

4 Villanueva, Víctor, El militarismo en el Perú (Lima: Empresa Gráfica T. Scheuch, 1962), p. 18 Google Scholar.

5 Delgado, Luis Humberto, El militarismo en el Perú (Lima: American Express, Ltd., 1930), pp. 10–11 Google Scholar.

6 Silva, Lizardo Alzamora, La evolución política y constitucional del Perú independiente (Lima: Librería e Imprenta Gil, 1942), pp. 4–5 Google Scholar.

7 Delgado, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 10–11 Google Scholar.

8 Ibid., pp. 11-12.

9 Lissón, Pedro Dávalos y, Historia republicana del Perú, I (Lima: Librería e Imprenta Gil, 1929), p. 93 Google Scholar.

10 Delgado, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 12–13 Google Scholar.

11 Basadre, Jorge, Historia de la República del Perú, II (Lima: Editorial Perú América, 1963), pp. 752–762 Google Scholar.

12 Worcester, Donald E. and Schaeffer, Wendell G., The Growth and Culture of Latin America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1956), pp. 609–610 Google Scholar.

13 Delgado, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 13–14 Google Scholar.

14 Stuart, Graham, The Governmental System of Peru (Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1925), p. 113 Google Scholar.

15 García Calderón, F., Le Perou Contemporain (Paris: Dujarric, 1907), p. 171 Google Scholar.

16 Delgado, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 14–15 Google Scholar.

17 Lissón, Davalos y, Historia Republicana del Perú, I: 95 Google Scholar.

18 Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, p. 29 Google Scholar.

19 Stuart, , The Governmental System of Peru, pp. 114–115 Google Scholar.

20 Delgado, , El militarismo en el Perú, p. 16 Google Scholar.

21 Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 33–34 Google Scholar.

22 Stuart, , The Governmental System of Peru, p. 115 Google Scholar.

23 Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 33–34 Google Scholar.

24 Delgado, , El militarismo en el Perú, p. 16 Google Scholar.

25 Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 38–40 Google Scholar.

26 Ibid.

27 Ibid., pp. 34-36.

28 Ibid., pp. 297-300.

29 See Leonidas, Castro B., Golpismo (Lima, 1964), pp. 48–49 Google Scholar, and Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, p. 56 Google Scholar.

30 Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, p. 58 Google Scholar.

31 Castro, B., Golpismo, p. 49 Google Scholar.

32 Davies, Thomas, “The Indigenismo of the APRA Party: A Reinterpretation,” paper presented at the Rocky Mountain Social Science Conference, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 1 May 1970, pp. 9–12 Google Scholar.

33 Ibid., pp. 19-22.

34 Villanueva, , El militarismo en el Perú, pp. 75–77 Google Scholar.

35 Ibid, p. 79.

36 Szulc, Tad, Twilight of the Tyrants (New York: Holt, 1959), p. 170 Google Scholar.

37 The New International 1946 Year Book (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1946), pp. 446–448 Google Scholar.

38 Szulc, , Twilight of the Tyrants, pp. 172–174 Google Scholar.

39 Holmes, Olive, “Army Challenge in Latin America,” Foreign Policy Reports 25 (1 December 1949): 169 Google Scholar.

40 Villanueva, víctor, La tragedia de un pueblo y un partido (Lima, 1957), passimGoogle Scholar.

41 y Rivero, José Luis Bustamante, Tres años de lucha por la democracia en el Perú (Buenos Aires: 1949), pp. 262–280 passimGoogle Scholar.

42 Holmes, , “Army Challenge in Latin America,” p. 169 Google Scholar.

43 Estenós, Percy MacLean, Historia de una Revolución (Buenos Aires: Editorial E.A.P.A.L., 1953), p. 136 Google Scholar.

44 Lahmeyer Lobo, Eulália Maria, Analise do Panorama Politico de 1956: Argentina-Chile-Peru (Rio de Janeiro, 1957), p. 71 Google Scholar.

45 Ibid, p. 75.

46 Soto, Enrique Chirinos, Cuenta y balance de las elecciones de 1962 (Lima: Ediciones Perú, 1962), p. 101 Google Scholar.

47 Lieuwen, Edwin, Generals vs. Presidents (New York: Praeger, 1964), p. 29 Google Scholar.

48 Soto, Chirinos, Cuenta y balance de las elecciones de 1962, p. 65 Google Scholar.

49 La Fuerza armada y el proceso electoral de 1962 (Lima: Imprenta Nacional, 1963), passimGoogle Scholar.

50 Lieuwen, , Generals vs. Presidents, p. 27 Google Scholar.

51 Villanueva, Víctor, Un año bajo el sable (Lima: Empresa Gráfica T. Scheuch, 1963), p. 239 Google Scholar.

52 This was the official reason given by the military for his ouster.

53 Needier, Martin C., Political Development in Latin America (New York: Random House, 1968), p. 72 Google Scholar.

54 Peruvian Times, 4 October 1968, p. 1.

55 Time, 24 September 1965, p. 44.

56 Pike, Frederick B., “The Old and the New Apra in Peru: Myth and Reality,” Inter-American Economic Affairs 28 (Autumn 1964): 36 Google Scholar.

57 The New York Times, 6 October 1968, p. 29.

58 Chaplin, David, “Peruvian Social Mobility: Revolutionary and Developmental Potential,” Journal of Inter-American Studies 10 (October 1968): 548 Google Scholar.