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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 February 2009
Without question, Cuba's most successful ‘export’ from the very beginning of the Castro period has not been revolution, but the physical removal of its domestic enemies. For whatever reason individual Cubans came to reject the new order, the decision to part physically from their homeland was made by enough people to develop into what is probably the greatest mass migration in the history of the Western Hemisphere. Latest estimates provided by the Department of State indicate that approximately 560,000 persons have left Cuba since 1959 to settle in other countries—all but 50,000 in the continental United States or Puerto Rico
1 Figures supplied by the Office of the Cuban Coordinator, Department of State, Washington, D.C. (May 1972). An independent study recently conducted by Professor Rafel Prohias of Florida Atlantic University estimates the Cuban exile population in the United States at 612,648. See New York Times, 12 Dec. 1972, p. 19.
2 Many, however, had ample assets already stored overseas. This was the case of most who left in the first migratory wave, mostly Batistianos—or close collaborators of the ex-dictator–whose departure might be more aptly described as flight instead of voluntary migration.
3 See The Times of the Americas, 5 April 1972, p. 5.Google Scholar
4 U.S. Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Cuba and the Caribbean, Hearings Before the Sub-Committee on Inter-American Affairs (Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office, 1970), pp. 21 and 160, and information supplied by the Department of State (May 1972). These U.S. citizens and their close relatives were evacuated by the granting of U.S. Government repatriation loans covering the transportation expenses. U.S. law requires that these loans be repaid. State Department records show that 800 registered U.S. citizens and 1,400 close relatives still remain in Cuba.
5 See Ibid., p. 4.
6 The text of this agreement can be found in Ibid., pp. 5–9.
7 U.S. Congress, Senate, Aircraft Hijacking Convention, Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations (Washington, D.C., Govt. Printing Office, 1971), pp. 37 and 39.
8 The above information was supplied by the Office of the Cuban Co-ordinator, Department of State, Washington, D.C. (May 1972).
9 New York Times, I 12. 1972, p. 6.Google Scholar
10 U.S. Congress, Cuba and the Caribbean, p. 5.Google Scholar
11 The Washington Post, I Sept. 1971, p. A12.Google Scholar
12 These statistics are based on information covering the years up to and including 1969, and are taken from U.S. Congress, Cuba and the Caribbean, p. 12. The figures for 1970 remained practically the same in each category. See The Washington Post, I Sep. 1971, p. A12.
13 Richard Fagan, Richard A. Brody and Thomas O'Leary, Cubans in Exile Disaffection and the Revolution (Palo Alto, Stanford University Press, 1968), p. 3.
14 New York Times, 18 04 1971, p. 26.Google Scholar
15 San Juan Star, 18 01. 1973, p. 23.Google Scholar
16 Ibid., 31 January. 1973 p. 8.
17 The Washington Post, 29 12. 1971, p. F11.Google Scholar
18 The Washington Post, 29 01. 1972, p. A9.Google Scholar
19 The Washington Post, 21 05 1972. p. D1.Google Scholar
20 Fagen, , et al., op. cit., p. 119.Google Scholar
21 See, for example, Javier Felipe Pazos Vea, ‘ Cuba—Long Live the Revolution!’, New Republic, 3 11. 1962, pp. 15–19.
22 The Washington Post, 21 05 1972, p. DI.Google Scholar
23 Raúl Chibás, What Next For Cuba?–An Exile's View’, New Republic, 10 Nov. 1962, p. 9.
24 Javier Felipe Pazos Vea, New Republic, p. 18.
