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Controlling the shape of Al/Ni multilayer foils using variations in stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Robert Knepper ,
Gregory Fritz  and
Timothy P. Weihs
Robert Knepper
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
Gregory Fritz
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
Timothy P. Weihs*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: weihs@jhu.edu
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Abstract

Al/Ni multilayer foils were sputter-deposited with an in-plane residual stress state that was altered midway through the thickness of the foils by changing the bilayer spacing. The difference in stress between the top and bottom halves of the foil caused these systems to curl when they were removed from their substrates. As predicted, the radius of curvature increased linearly as the difference in stress between the upper and lower halves decreased and as foil thickness increased, demonstrating the ability to fabricate layered foils with specific curvatures. Unexpectedly, however, the radii of curvature of all the free-standing foils decreased with time after removal from their substrates, suggesting that a time-dependent relaxation mechanism was operating. An explanation based on stress driven, time-dependent deformation is offered to explain the relaxation, and an elasticity-based curvature model is presented for comparison with the measured steady state curvatures.

Keywords

Elastic propertiesEnergetic materialThin film
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 23 , Issue 7 , July 2008 , pp. 2009 - 2016
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2008

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References

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