Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-s9k8s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-17T12:05:39.940Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Subfeature patterning of organic and inorganic materials using robotic assembly

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Afshin Tafazzoli ,
Chao-Min Cheng ,
Chytra Pawashe ,
Emily K. Sabo ,
Lacramioara Trofin ,
Metin Sitti  and
Philip R. LeDuc
Afshin Tafazzoli*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Chao-Min Cheng*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Chytra Pawashe
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Emily K. Sabo
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Lacramioara Trofin*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Metin Sitti*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Philip R. LeDuc*
Affiliation:
Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
*
a)These authors contributed equally.
a)These authors contributed equally.
b)Present address: NanoDynamics Life Sciences, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA 15219.
c)Address all correspondence to these authors. e-mail: sitti@cmu.com
d)e-mail: prleduc@cmu.com
Get access

Abstract

The ability to create small-scale material patterns using lithography has been limited by the feature sizes and assembly of the master stamping system. Developing a simple and robust robotically automated patterning technique for both organic and inorganic materials, which is able to be actively controlled down to scales smaller than the operating features, would enable new capabilities and directions in research. Here, a novel method is presented to form patterns of defined shape and distribution via automated assembly along with force-controlled microstamping. Robotic assembly based particle templates and pyramid structures were used to create controlled distributions of materials. Systems including quantum dots and biomolecules were patterned, demonstrating our ability to create repeatable geometries with size scales smaller than the master stamping system. These patterns were also utilized for constraining cell adhesion and spreading. This work has potential applications in diverse areas from building molecular circuits to probing biological pattern formation.

Keywords

BiomaterialMicroelectro-mechanical (MEMS)Microstructure
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 22 , Issue 6 , June 2007 , pp. 1601 - 1608
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Kim, S.O., Solak, H.H., Stoykovich, M.P., Ferrier, N.J., de Pablo, J.J.Nealey, P.F.: Epitaxial self-assembly of block copolymers on lithographically defined nanopatterned substrates. Nature 424, 411 2003CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2Chen, C.S., Mrksich, M., Huang, S., Whitesides, G.M.Ingber, D.E.: Geometric control of cell life and death. Science 276, 1425 1997CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Bernard, A., Renault, J.P., Michel, B., Bosshard, H.R.Delamarche, E.: Microcontact printing of proteins. Adv. Mater. 12, 1067 20003.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4Lin, K-H., Crocker, J.C., Prasad, V., Schofield, A., Weitz, D.A., Lubensky, T.C.Yodh, A.G.: Entropically driven colloidal crystallization on patterned surfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1770 2000CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5Venkateswar, R.A., Branch, D.W.Wheeler, B.C.: An electrophoretic method for microstamping biomolecule gradients. Biomed. Microdevices 2, 255 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Bhangale, S.M., Tjong, V., Wu, L., Yakovlev, N.Moran, P.M.: Biologically active protein gradients via microstamping. Adv. Mater. 17, 809 2005CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Huang, S.Ingber, D.E.: The structural and mechanical complexity of cell growth control. Nat. Cell Biol. 1, E131 1999CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Singhvi, R., Kumar, A., Lopez, G.P., Stephanopoulos, G.N., Wang, D.I.C., Whitesides, G.M.Ingber, D.E.: Engineering cell shape and function. Science 264, 696 1994CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Tien, J., Nelson, C.M.Chen, C.S.: Fabrication of aligned microstructures with a single elastomeric stamp. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1758 2002CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10Requicha, A.A.G.: Nanorobots, NEMS, and nanoassembly. Proc. IEEE 91, 1922 2003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11Sitti, M.Hashimoto, H.: Controlled pushing of nanoparticles: Modeling and experiments. IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics 5, 199 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Vettiger, P., Cross, G., Despont, M., Drechsler, U., Durig, U., Gotsmann, B., Haberle, W., Lantz, M.A., Rothuizen, H.E., Stutz, R.Binnig, G.K.: The “millipede”—Nanotechnology entering data storage. IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. 1, 39 2002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Tafazzoli, A., Pawashe, C.Sitti, M.: Atomic force microscope based two-dimensional assembly of micro/nanoparticlesProc. IEEE Int. Sym. on Assembly and Task Planning,230 (2005)Google Scholar
14Pawashe, C.P.Sitti, M.: Two-dimensional vision-based autonomous microparticle assembly using nanoprobes. J. Micromechatronics 3, 285 2006CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Sitti, M.Hashimoto, H.: Two-dimensional fine particle positioning under optical microscope using a piezoresistive cantilever as a manipulator. J. Micromechatronics 1, 25 2000CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16Whitesides, G.M., Ostuni, E., Takayama, S., Jiang, X.Ingber, D.E.: Soft lithography in biology and biochemistry. Ann. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 3, 335 2001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Guo, L.J.: Recent progress in nanoimprint technology and its applications. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37, R123 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Cheng, C-M.Chen, R-H.: Experimental investigation of fabrication properties of electroformed Ni-based micro mould inserts. Microelectron. Eng. 75, 423 2004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19LeDuc, P., Ostuni, E., Whitesides, G.Ingber, D.: Use of micropatterned adhesive surfaces for control of cell behavior. Methods Cell Biol. 69, 385 2002CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20Wilbur, J.L., Kim, E., Xia, Y.Whitesides, G.M.: Lithographic molding: A convenient route to structures with sub-micrometer dimensions. Adv. Mater. 7, 649 1995CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Johnson, K.L.: Contact Mechanics Cambridge University Press London, UK 1985CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Kuo, A.C.M.: Polymer Data Handbook Oxford University Press London, UK 1999Google Scholar