Late congenital syphilis, with which this précis is concerned, is not always easy to recognize, as unquestionably the disease has altered in severity during the last few decades, and it is now rather exceptional to find cases which exhibit all the cardinal signs. In the following account, which is based on the examination of nearly 200 cases in the Leavesden Mental Hospital, the clinical manifestations have as far as possible been grouped under the various systems of the body and it has been thought advisable to include, not only the classical and unequivocal stigmata, but also those which, though not exactly specific, are yet of sufficient importance to evoke a suspicion of syphilis. Their relative frequency is shown in the accompanying table.