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Trade and Growth in West Africa in the 1980s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2008

Uka Ezenwe
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Extract

The classical school regards international trade as the main engine of growth. But modern empirical studies have failed to show any simple and generally consistent correlation between foreign trade statistics and macro-economic aggregates such as savings, investment, consumption, and growth. The more generally accepted view is that development through trade — where it occurred — was partly the consequence of favourable internal factors, and partly the result of a conducive external environment.

Type
Articles
Information
The Journal of Modern African Studies , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , June 1982 , pp. 305 - 322
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

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References

page 305 note 1 Kravis, I. B., ‘Trade as a Handmaiden of Growth: similarities between the 19th and 20th centuries, in The Economic Journal (London), 12 1970, pp. 861–3.Google Scholar

page 307 note 1 World Bank, Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: an agenda for action (Washington, D.C., 1981), p. 2. 4.Google Scholar

page 311 note 1 Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, p. 3. 2.

page 313 note 1 World Development Report, 1981, p. 20.

page 313 note 2 Eight of these – namely, Benin, Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, and Upper Volta – are also among the 30 least-developed countries of the world according to the classification of the United Nations General Assembly.

page 316 note 1 Swamy, G., International Migrant Workers' Remittances: issues and prospects (Washington, D.C., 1971), World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 481, p. 9.Google Scholar

page 316 note 2 Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, p. 23.

page 317 note 1 Ibid. p. 3. 9.

page 317 note 2 Average tariffs on industrial products were reduced by approximately one-third – 38 per calculated as a simple average or 33 per cent on an import-weighted basis. But reductions on products of interest to L.D.C.s are smaller than the overall average – 25 per cent versus 33 per cent on a weighted basis. See Frank, I., Trade Policy Issues for the Developing Countries in the 1980s (Washington, 1981), World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 478, p. 4.Google Scholar

page 318 note 1 See Lizano, Eduardo, ‘Integration of Less Developed Areas and of Areas on Different Levels of Development’, in Machlup, F. (ed.), Economic Integration: worldwide, regional, sectoral (London, 1976), p. 276.Google Scholar

page 319 note 1 World Development Report, 1981, p. 49.

page 320 note 2 North-South: a programme for survival. The Report of the Independent Commission on International Development Issues under the Chairmanship of Willy Brandt (London, 1980), p. 273.Google Scholar

page 320 note 3 See The United States and World Development: agenda 1979 (New York, 1979), p. 52.Google Scholar

page 321 note 1 Pearson, Lester (chairman), Partners in Development (London, 1969), p. 11.Google Scholar

page 322 note 1 Organisation for African Unity, Lagos Plan of Action for the Economic Development of Africa, 1980–2000 (Addis Ababa, 1981).Google Scholar