Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T11:49:23.977Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

First Silurian conulariids from Paraguay

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Loren E. Babcock
Affiliation:
1Kansas Geological Survey, 1930 Constant Avenue, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66047 and Department of Geology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045
Jane Gray
Affiliation:
2Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403
Arthur J. Boucot
Affiliation:
3Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
Gregory T. Himes
Affiliation:
4Texaco Overseas Holdings Inc., % Amoseas, 237 Orchard Point Post Office, Singapore, Republic of Singapore 9123
Paul K. Siegele
Affiliation:
5Texaco Overseas Holdings Inc., 4800 Fournace Place, Bellaire, Texas 77401

Abstract

Two new conulariid species, Conularia clarkei Babcock and C. paraguayensis Babcock from the Vargas Peña Shale, are the first Silurian conulariids to be described from Paraguay. They increase to three the number of Silurian species to be described from South America. The concept of Conularia Miller in Sowerby, 1820, is emended. It includes as junior synonyms Conularia (Plectoconularia) Bouček, 1939, Diconularia Sinclair, 1952, and Yangoconularia Xu and Li, 1985. The age of the Vargas Peña Shale has long been disputed, but conclusions based on organic-walled microfossils indicate an Early Silurian (Llandoverian) age for the unit.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Journal of Paleontology 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Babcock, L. E. 1985. A new Ordovician conulariid from Oklahoma? Oklahoma Geology Notes, 45:6670.Google Scholar
Babcock, L. E. 1988. New Permian conulariid from Bolivia. Journal of Paleontology, 62:617619.Google Scholar
Babcock, L. E., and Feldmann, R. M. 1986. Devonian and Mississippian conulariids of North America, Part A, General description and Conularia. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 55:349410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Babcock, L. E., Feldmann., R. M., and Wilson, M. T. 1987a. Teratology and pathology of some Paleozoic conulariids. Lethaia, 20:93105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Babcock, L. E., Feldmann, R. M., Wilson, M. T., and Suarez-Riglos, M. 1987b. Devonian conulariids of Bolivia. National Geographic Research, 3:210231.Google Scholar
Babcock, L. E., Feldmann, R. M., Wilson, M. T., and Suarez-Riglos, M. 1987c. Conulariids (phylum Conulariida) from the Devonian of Bolivia. IV Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología (Bolivia), I:201215.Google Scholar
Barrande, J. 1867. Systême silurien du centre de la Bohême: Vol. 3: Classe des Mollusques, Ordre des Ptéropodes. Published by the author, Prague and Paris, 179 p.Google Scholar
Berry, W. B. N., and Boucot, A. J. 1972. Geologic setting, p. 13. In Berry, W. B. N. and Boucot, A. J. (eds.), Correlation of the South American Silurian Rocks. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 133.Google Scholar
Bouček, B. 1928. Revise českych paleozoických Konularii. Ceská Akademie Věd a Umění v Praze, II. Palaeontographica Bohemiae, XI, 108 p.Google Scholar
Bouček, B. 1939. Conularida, p. A113A131. In Schindewolf, O. H. (ed.), Handbuch der Paläozoologie, 2A. Verlag von Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin.Google Scholar
Braniša, L. 1965. Los Fosiles Guías de Bolivia. Servicio Geológico de Bolivia, Boletín 6, 282 p.Google Scholar
Castellaro, H. A. 1966. Faunas Devónicas. Guía Paleontologica Argentina, Pt. I, Sec. IV. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, p. 59161.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. M. 1899. A fauna Siluriana superior de Rio Trombetas, Estado do Pará, Brazil. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, 10:148.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. M. 1913a. Fosseis Devonianos do Paraná. Servico Geológico e Mineralógico do Brasil, Monographias 1, 353 p.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. M. 1913b. Illustrations of the Devonic fossils of southern Brazil and the Falkland Islands. New York State Museum Bulletin 164(University of the State of New York Bulletin 538):140–210.Google Scholar
Degraff, J. M., Franco, F., and Orue, D. 1981. Interpretación Geofisica y Geológica del Valle de Ypacaraí (Paraguay) y su Formatión. Asociación Geológica Argentina, Revista, 36:240256.Google Scholar
Derby, O. A. 1879. A contribution to the geology of the Lower Amazonas. American Philosophical Society, Proceedings, 18:155178.Google Scholar
Drygant, D. M. 1971. Finding of the fragments of Conulariae from the Ordovician of the Volyn and the Silurian of Podolia. Paleontologicheskii Sbornik, 8(1):1922. [In Russian.]Google Scholar
Eckel, E. B. 1959. Geology and mineral resources of Paraguay—a reconnaissance. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 327, 110 p.Google Scholar
Feldmann, R. M., and Babcock, L. E. 1986. Exceptionally preserved conulariids from Ohio—reinterpretation of their anatomy. National Geographic Research, 2:464472.Google Scholar
Fletcher, H. O. 1938. A revision of the Australian Conulariae. Records of the Australian Museum, 20:235255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, J. 1985. The microfossil record of early land plants: advances in understanding of early terrestrialization, 1970-1984. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 309:167195.Google Scholar
Gray, J. 1989. Adaptive radiation of early land plants. 28th International Geological Congress, Abstracts, 1:582583.Google Scholar
Gray, J., Theron, J. N., and Boucot, A. J. 1986. Age of the Cedarberg Formation, South Africa and early land plant evolution. Geological Magazine, 123:445454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, J. 1859. Geological Survey of the State of New York. Palaeontology: Vol. III, Containing Descriptions and Figures of the Organic Remains of the Lower Helderberg Group and the Oriskany Sandstone. C. Van Benthuysen, Albany, 532 p.Google Scholar
Harrington, H. J. 1950. Geología del Paraguay Oriental. Faculte Ciencias y Exactas, Contribuciónes Ciencias, Sectión E, Geologica, Buenos Aires, 1:182.Google Scholar
Harrington, H. J. 1956. Paraguay, p. 99114. In Jenks, W. F. (ed.), Handbook of South American Geology. Geological Society of America Memoir 65.Google Scholar
Harrington, H. J. 1972. Silurian of Paraguay, p. 4150. In Berry, W. B. N. and Boucot, A. J. (eds.), Correlation of the South American Silurian Rocks. Geological Society of America Special Paper 133.Google Scholar
Hergarten, B. 1985. Die Conularien des Rheinischen Devons. Senckenbergiana lethaea, 66:269297.Google Scholar
Hisinger, W. 1837. Lethaea Svecica seu Petrifacta Sveciae, iconibus et characteribus illustrata. P. A. Norstedt et filii, Holmiae, 124 p.Google Scholar
Holm, G. 1893. Sveriges Kambrisk-Siluriska Hyolithidae och Conulariidae. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, Afhandlinger och uppsatser, Series C, 112, 172 p.Google Scholar
Janvier, P., and de Melo, J. H. G. 1988. Acanthodian fish remains from the Upper Silurian or Lower Devonian of the Amazon Basin, Brazil. Palaeontology, 31:771777.Google Scholar
Knod, R. 1908. Devonische Faunen Boliviens, p. 493600. In Steinmann, G. (ed.), Beiträge zur Geologie und Paläontologie von Sudamerika, XIV. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 25.Google Scholar
Kozłowski, R. 1923. Faune Dévonienne de Bolivie. Annales de Paléontologie. 12:1112 p.Google Scholar
Lammers, G. E., and Young, H. R. 1984. A conulariid from the Mississippian of Manitoba. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 21:609611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lange, F. W. 1967. Subdivisao bioestratigráfica e revisao da coluna Siluro-Devoniana da Bacia do Baixo Amazonas. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Atas Simpósio Biota Amazonica (Geociencias), 1:215326.Google Scholar
Lange, F. W. 1972. Silurian of Brazil, p. 3340. In Berry, W. B. N. and Boucot, A. J. (eds.), Correlation of the South American Silurian Rocks. Geological Society of America Special Paper 133.Google Scholar
Lindström, G. 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens, Handlingar, 19(6), p. 1250.Google Scholar
Weizhou, Liu. 1981. Conulariid faunas from the Upper Palaeozoic of central Jilin, China. Geological Review, 27:477482. [In Chinese.]Google Scholar
Mariñelarena, M. P. de. 1970. Algunas especies de Paraconularia Sinclair del “Sistema de Tepuel” (Chubut) y sus relaciónes con faunas del hemisferio austral. Ameghiniana, 7:139150.Google Scholar
McCoy, F. 1852. Systematic description of the British Palaeozoic fossils in the Geological Museum of the University of Cambridge, p. 185406. In Sedgwick, A., Synopsis of the Classification of the British Palaeozoic Rocks. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
McLearn, F. H. 1924. Palaeontology of the Silurian rocks of Arisaig, Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 137 (Geological Series 118), 180 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melo, J. H. G. de, and Boucot, A. J. 1990. Harringtonina is Anabaia (Brachiopoda, Silurian, Malvinokaffric Realm). Journal of Paleontology, 64:363366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Méndez-Alzola, R., and Sprechmann, P. G. 1973. Fauna del Devonico Temprano del Uruguay, II. Sobre representantes de Conularia y Mesoconularia (Conulariidae, Conulariinae). Revista de Biología del Uruguay, 1:129138.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A. 1889. North American Geology and Palaeontology for the Use of Amateurs, Students, and Scientists. Published by the author, Cincinnati, 664 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, R. C., and Harrington, H. J. 1956. Conulata, p. F54F66. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. F, Coelenterata. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Oliveira, A. I., and Leonardos, O. H. 1943. Geología do Brasil. Servico de Informacao Agrícola, Brasil, Série Didática 2, 813 p.Google Scholar
Parfrey, S. M. 1982. Palaeozoic conulariids from Tasmania. Alcheringa, 6:6975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quadros, L. P. 1985. Natureza do contato entre as Formacoes Trombetas e Maecuru (Bacia do Amazonas). Departamento Nacional da Producão Mineral, Serie Geología, No. 27, Secao Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, No. 2, Brasília, 437441.Google Scholar
Reed, F. R. C. 1904. Mollusca from the Bokkeveld beds. South African Museum, Annals, 4:239274.Google Scholar
Reed, F. R. C. 1925. Revision of the fauna of the Bokkeveld beds. South African Museum, Annals, 22:27225.Google Scholar
Sabattini, N. 1986. Distributión geográfica y estratigráfica de los Cnidaria y Bryozoa del Carbonífero y Pérmico de la Argentina. Revista del Museo de la Plata (N. S.), 9:117.Google Scholar
Shimer, H. W., and Shrock, R. R. 1944. Index Fossils of North America. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 837 p.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G. W. 1940. The genotype of Conularia. Canadian Field-Naturalist, 54:7274.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G. W. 1948. The Biology of the Conularida. Unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, McGill University, Montreal, 442 p.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G. W. 1952. A classification of the Conularida. Fieldiana, Geology, 10:135145.Google Scholar
Slater, I. L. 1907. A Monograph of the British Conulariae. Palaeontographical Society, London, 41 p.Google Scholar
Sowerby, J. 1820. The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain; or Coloured Figures and Descriptions of those Remains of Testaceous Animals or Shells, which have been Preserved at Various Times, and Depths in the Earth, Vol. 3, Pt. 46. W. Arding Co., London, 194 p.Google Scholar
Steinmann, G., and Döderlein, L. 1890. Elemente der Paläontologie. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 848 p.Google Scholar
Suárez-Riglos, M. 1967. Some Devonian fossils from the State of Piaui, Brazil. Unpubl. M.S. thesis, University of Cincinnati, 121 p.Google Scholar
Sugiyama, T. 1942. Studies on the Japanese Conularida. Geological Society of Japan, Journal, 49:390399.Google Scholar
Sysoev, V. A., and Chudinova, I. I. 1962. Subclass Conulata, p. 187–121. In Orlov, Y. A. and Sokolov, B. S. (eds.), Osnovy Paleontologii, Vol. II, Porifera, Archaeocyatha, Coelenterata, Vermes. Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow[In Russian.]Google Scholar
Termier, H., and Termier, G. 1949. Position systematique et biologie des Conulaires. Revue scientifique, Année 86, No. 3300, p. 711722.Google Scholar
Termier, H., and Termier, G. 1953. Les Conularides, p. 10061013. In Piveteau, J. (ed.), Traité de Paléontologie, Vol. III, Onychophores, Arthropodes, Echinodermes, Stomocordés. Masson et Cie, Paris.Google Scholar
Turner, J. C. M. 1959. Faunas graptolíticas de América del Sur. Asociación Geológica Argentina, Revista, 14:1180.Google Scholar
Ulrich, A. 1892. Palaeozoische Versteinerungen aus Bolivien, p. 5116. In Steinmann, G. (ed.), Beiträge zur Geologie und Paläontologie von Sudamerika, I. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie, 8.Google Scholar
Waterhouse, J. B. 1979. Permian and Triassic conulariid species from New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 9:475489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willard, B. 1966. The Harvey Bassler Collection of Peruvian Fossils. Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 255 p.Google Scholar
Willard, B. 1967. A Cretaceous conularid from Peru. Pennsylvania Academy of Sciences, Proceedings, 40:8789.Google Scholar
Wolfart, R. 1961. Stratigraphie und Fauna des älteren Paleozoikums (Silur, Devon) in Paraguay. Geologische Jahrbuch, 78:29102.Google Scholar
Gueiyong, Xu, and Fenglin, Li. 1979. New conulariid genera and species in China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2:9198. [In Chinese.]Google Scholar
Gueiyong, Xu, and Fenglin, Li. 1985. Discovery of conulariid fossils from Xizang (Tibet), Hunan and Guizhou Province, China. Journal of Wuhan College of Geology, Earth Science, 10:8995. [In Chinese.]Google Scholar