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Roman Citizenship in Laconia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 September 2012

Extract

Of the names that follow it is impossible to say in general that they give any obvious or likely clue to their origin. These notes merely indicate what seem possibilities in each case. The same order is followed as in the preceding group.

Άϰύλιος

This is the Greek form of the nomen Aquilius or Aquillius. It occurs as the name of a gymnasiarch with the praenomen Γάϊος at Asine in Messenia. Tod says that the letters are late and carelessly cut. No date can be fixed for the document. The only Roman official of this name who seems to have been connected with Achaia in imperial times was L. Aquillius C. f. Florus Turcianus Gallus, who governed the province probably not later than the reign of Augustus. Gaius is a praenomen in his family.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright ©Herbert Box 1932. Exclusive Licence to Publish: The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

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References

page 165 note 1 Part I was published in JRS xxi (1931), pp. 200–214.

page 165 note 2 IG v, i, 1410. It is conceivable that this word should be restored 'Ακύλας representing Aquila, or 'Ακυλεῖνος representing Aquilinus, and therefore not here a nomen (as Tod prints conjecturally).

page 165 note 3 Klebs in P-W ii, 322, says that these two words are different spellings of the same gentile name.

page 165 note 4 JHS xxv (1905), p. 45.

page 165 note 5 ILS 928.

page 165 note 6 IG v, I, 281; BSA xxvi, p. 170, E. 2.

page 165 note 7 BSA xxvi, p. 167, C. 1.

page 165 note 8 BSA xxvi, p. 170, E. 2.

page 165 note 9 Inschr. v. Olymp., n. 91,5.

page 165 note 10 IG xii, v, Pars 1, 754.

page 165 note 11 IG iv, 835 c. Μεστιανός is a mistake for Mestrianos. No gens Mestia is known. For gens Mestria and its connexions with Plutarch see P-W art. ‘Mestrius,’ xv, col. 1292–4.

page 165 note 12 IG v, 2, 313.

page 165 note 13 See Tac. Ann. iii, 75.

page 166 note 1 IG iii, 589, 2.

page 166 note 2 IG v, 1, 55, 564; BSA xxvi, p. 170, E. 2.

page 166 note 3 BSA xxvi, p. 170, E. 2.

page 166 note 4 BSA xxvi, p. 196.

page 166 note 5 IG v, 1, 55.

page 166 note 6 IG v, 1, 564.

page 166 note 7 See PIR 1, 787–8, p. 120.

page 166 note 8 CIL x, 7257.

page 166 note 9 CIL notes.

page 166 note 10 IG v, 1, 1268, 1391, 1434, 1468.

page 166 note 11 IG v, 1, 1268, he was στρατι(ώτης) σπίρης ἐκουέστρης Οὐαλερίου Βάσσου

page 166 note 12 e.g. IG v, 1, 176.

page 166 note 13 IG v, i, 1468.

page 166 note 14 JRS xxi (1931), p. 211 s.v. κάσιος.

page 166 note 15 IG v, 1, 1434, first century, before or after the Christian era (Kolbe ad loc.)

page 166 note 16 IG xii, v, Pars 1, 39.

page 167 note 1 IG xii, v, Pars 2, 860. The inscription is c. 70 B.C.

page 167 note 2 IG v, 1, 74, 109, add. ad 109.

page 167 note 3 IG v, 1, 74.

page 167 note 4 IG v, 1, 109; cf. add. ad 109.

page 167 note 5 PIR iii, p. 411, 323.

page 167 note 6 PIR iii, p. 411, 324.

page 167 note 7 PIR iii p. 413, 334.

page 167 note 8 IG v, 1, 757.

page 167 note 9 Plut. Ant. 65 and 66.

page 167 note 10 IG iii, 866.

page 167 note 11 BSA xxvi, p. 170, D. 3.

page 167 note 12 BSA xxvi, p. 168, C. 6.

page 167 note 13 IG v, 1, 154.

page 167 note 14 IG v, 1, 53, 677.

page 168 note 1 See Woodward's notes in BSA xxvi, p. 192, ad no. D. 3, p. 170.

page 168 note 2 Kolbe gives a stemma of this family in IG v, 1, ad no. 154.

page 168 note 3 PIR ii, p. 299, 328.

page 168 note 4 Münzer in P-W, art. ‘Caninius,’ no. 3 says 51 war er mit diesem [Cicero] viel in Athen zusammen, doch ist es grundlose Hypothese, dass er damals Praetor von Achaia gewesen sei.' IG iv, 1412 reads Γάλλον Κανί[νίον] honoured by Epidaurus. He may be the correspondent of Cicero.

page 168 note 5 IG v, 1, 155, 162, 163, 189.

page 168 note 6 Suet. Nero 21; Dio, 63, 14.

page 168 note 7 IG v, 1, 1438 b.

page 168 note 8 IG v, 1, 115, 516.

page 168 note 9 See Kolbe ad loc.

page 168 note 10 Eph. EP. i, p. 112.

page 169 note 1 Βολοσσηνός is a variant. IG v, 1, 68,158, 295. 477. 581; BSA xxvi, P. l64, A. 3–4; p. 174, E 25; p. 202, 2 ε xxix, p. 14, 2 (N), possibly referring to Aristocrates: CIL p. 14, 2 (O), p. 25, 44, possibly referring to Damares: IG v, 2, 544 (Megalopolis).

page 169 note 2 IG v, 1, 233, 470.

page 169 note 3 IG v, 1, 477, ἀπό]γονον Ήρα[κλέους] καὶ Περσέο[ς]

page 169 note 4 See IG v, 1, p. 477, ad n. 537, stemma Memmiorum.

page 169 note 5 CIL vi, 1267, a, b; 31573–4, 37037 and 31543.

page 169 note 6 CIL xi, 6011.

page 169 note 7 CIL

page 169 note 8 CIG 3301, undated.

page 169 note 9 At Athens (IG iii, Pars 1, 1122, dated 156/158) in a list of ephebes are the names Γ. Βουσσηνὸς Διονύσιος and Γ. Βουσσηνὸς Τυχικός which may be errors for Volusenus.

page 169 note 10 IG v, 1, 1247.

page 169 note 11 CIG, ii, 1813 b. This text gives Leake's reading At. 'Οϕ…ίῳ, whilst Le Bas read ῏Ωλ. (PIR ii, p. 432, 57). This man was also procurator Ponti et Bithyniae.

page 169 note 12 Ofillius and Ofellius appear to be variants of the same nomen. The P. Ofellius Crispus of IG v, 1, 1208, the trustee or steward and guardian of a Gythean woman Φαινία Βωμάτιον, who gave his consent to the terms of her bequest to the city, is probably a resident Roman and might conceivably be the source of the name. The relationship of date between v, 1, 1208 and v, 1, 1247 is obscure.

page 169 note 13 IG v, 1, 69, 71 b; BSA xxvi, p. 171, E. 7.

page 170 note 1 See PIR ii, p. 5, 25, and cf. IG, ii, p. 94, 692.

page 170 note 2 IG v, 1, 474.

page 170 note 3 CIL ii, 2075.

page 170 note 4 CIL iii, 1446.

page 170 note 5 PIR iii, p. 11, 80–2.

page 170 note 6 IG v, 1, 680; 1174.

page 170 note 7 IG v, 1, 1174. CP. note s.v. Mindius in I D. Group D below (p. 172).

page 170 note 8 ad loc.

page 170 note 9 PIR iii, p. 21, 163.

page 170 note 10 IG v, 1, 562.

page 170 note 11 CIL x, 1254.

page 171 note 1 See Kolbe ad IG v, 1, 1460.

page 171 note 2 BSA xxvi, p. 227, 20(b).

page 171 note 3 CIL x, 4864.

page 171 note 4 IG v, 1, 1170.

page 171 note 5 PIR iii, p. 85, 623.

page 171 note 6 BM. Inscr. 493, confirmed by IG xii, Pars iii, 32633, and Supp., p. 283.

page 171 note 7 BSA xxix, p. 12, 2 (H 3), with one ‘s’; BSA xxix, p. 29, 52.

page 171 note 8 See Woodward ad loc.

page 171 note 9 The editor remarks in connexion wit Nicocrates above that this nomen may certainly be restored in IG v, 1, 1128, and perhaps Νεικοκράτης after it. The only letters preserved are ΚΣΟΣ

page 171 note 10 Quaest. conv. iv, 3 (p. 666), and IG, i, 1 (p. 612). See further PIR iii, p. 255, 560. I am indebted to Mr. R. Syme for these references.

page 171 note 11 IG v, 1, 448.

page 171 note 12 IG vii, 2444, with Πόπλιος as praenomen.

page 171 note 13 IG v, 2, 483. The date seems uncertain.

page 171 note 14 IG xii, viii, Pars 2, 321, 323, 383, 471 b.

page 171 note 15 CIL iii, 7316; ix, 4119.

page 171 note 16 He was tribunus militum legionis quartae Flaviae, CIL ix, 4119.

page 172 note 1 IG v, I, 20 B, Τρεβελληνὸς 'Αρεὺς Πολεμάρχου; BSA xxvi, p. 164, A. 4, T. Τρεβελληνὸς Φιλόστρατος Πολεμάρχόυ; p. 171, E. 4, Τι. Τρεβελληνὸς Μενεκλῆς ῎Λρεος.

page 172 note 2 CIL v, 1878. = ILS 931 and 931a

page 172 note 3 Ann. ii, 67.

page 172 note 4 Ann. vi, 38.

page 172 note 5 The Thracian royal family received citizenship from. Augustus. CIL vi, 20718, reads ‘Iulia Tyndaris C. Iulii regis Rhoemetalcaes l(iberta).’ Tribellenus's charges were therefore already C. Julii. The Bosporan royal family of the same name as the Thracian owed their Roman citizenship to Tiberius, being Ti. Julii. See the references in PIR ii, pp. 128–132, 41–53, esp. 50, 51.

page 172 note 6 A bilingual text engraved on a statue-base found at Gytheum in 1923 and dedicated by ῾Ρωμαῖοι οί ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν τῖς Λακωνικῆς πραγματευόμενοι in honour of C. Julius Eurycles, has been published with a commentary by S. B. Kougeas in ῾Ελληνικά i (1928) p. 7 ff. A community of Roman residents in Laconia may safely be regarded as a source of some importance in the choice of nomina by Spartans, although we are not yet in a position to appeal to it in individual cases.

page 172 note 7 BSA xxix, p. 33, 56.

page 172 note 8 See Woodward's note ad loc.

page 172 note 9 IG v, 1, 128.

page 173 note 1 Principal Stuart Jones suggests alternatively, àpropos nomina belonging to families of official rank under the republic which fell into obscurity under the empire, that some of the Spartans so named may have received civitas under the republic.

page 173 note 2 IG v, 1, 1174, cf. add. ad 1174.

page 173 note 3 CIL ii, 183, 196. Kolbe therefore rightly omits in his Addenda ad IG v, 1, 1174 the article between ῾Ηίον and Καλλιστράτου restored by him in the text.

page 173 note 4 IG v, 1, 659.

page 173 note 5 See infra, Addenda to IB. Group B s.v. Γαβίνιος p. 183.

page 173 note 6 IG v, 1, 39, 69, 70.

page 173 note 7 BSA xxvi, p. 171, E. 7.

page 173 note 8 IG xii, viii, 349–50.

page 173 note 9 IG xii, viii, 327.

page 173 note 10 BM.Inscr. 486.

page 173 note 11 BM.Inscr. 502.

page 173 note 12 CIG, 5144, A.D. 68.

page 173 note 13 IG v, 1, 1054.

page 173 note 14 IG v, 1, p. 335.

page 173 note 15 Quoted ad loc.

page 173 note 16 Cuspinius does not occur in the indices of CIL, nor is it quoted in Schultze Zur Geschichte lateinischer Eigennamen.

page 174 note 1 IG v, 1, 741.

page 174 note 2 See PIR ii, p. 289, 198. On coins of Chalcis: head of Augustus and on reverse Λ.Λιουι ἀνθύπατος and A. Λ. ’Ρουϕῖνος ἀνθύπατος.

page 174 note 3 For his career see PIR ii, p. 290, 208.

page 174 note 4 The Emperor Galba was adopted by her, and was called Livius Ocella. See Suet. Galba, 4.

page 174 note 5 Livia Orestilla implies either a family Livius Orestes (cf. Livia Drusilla implying Livius Drusus), or an alliance between a family in the gens Livia and the family of Orestes in the gens Aurelia.

page 174 note 6 IG v, 1, 178.

page 174 note 7 IG v, 1, 11742; 955.

page 174 note 8 IG v, 1, 69, 70, 71 b.

page 174 note 9 IG v, 1, 1469.

page 174 note 10 The stone reads ΑΜΙΝΔΙΟΥ (BSA xi, p. 184, n. 12). But the form Mindia makes the existence of the nomen in Laconia highly probable, although Mindia might possibly be a foreigner married to a citizen of Boeae.

page 174 note 11 BSA xxvi, p. 237, 29(f); cp. notes ad loc. nomen. p. 238.

page 174 note 12 BSA xxvii, p. 226, F 2.

page 174 note 13 Mr. Woodward has suggested that these men may be related, as Φώσϕορος is an Oriental name and Εἰσίων is certainly of Egyptian origin, being formed from the name Isis.

page 175 note 1 IG v, 1, 172, 173.

page 175 note 2 IG v, 1, 569.

page 175 note 3 PIR iii, p. 137, 94.

page 175 note 4 PIR iii, p. 137, 95.

page 175 note 5 Principal Stuart Jones suggests that P. Rubrius Barbaras, praefectus Aegypti in 13/12 may have left descendants who were officials.

page 175 note 6 IG v, 1, 116.

page 175 note 7 CIG 4584.

page 175 note 8 CIG 5975.

page 175 note 9 IG v, 1, 679.

page 175 note 10 IG v, 2, 77.

page 175 note 11 IG xii, viii, 89.

page 175 note 12 IG xii, v, Pars 1, 39,18 Αὖλος Σολϕίκιος Αὔλου

page 175 note 13 See note ad loc.

page 175 note 14 See index of names in CIG s.v.

page 175 note 15 IG v, 1, 1416.

page 175 note 16 Quoted ad loc.

page 175 note 17 IG iii, 796–798.

page 176 note 1 Pliny, in a list of cases of sudden death includes an Ap. Saufeius. It happened ‘cum a balneo reversus mulsum bibisset, ovumque sorberet’ (NH vii, 54). The context shows that he was neither senator nor eques Romanus.

page 176 note 2 IG v, 1, 1163.

page 176 note 3 CIG 3661–2–4.

page 176 note 4 CIG 3003.

page 176 note 5 IG xiv, 1692, 1993.

page 176 note 6 IG xii, viii, Pars 2, 260, possibly from Samothrace. See note ad loc.

page 176 note 7 IG v, 1, 521.

page 176 note 8 As Kolbe places the inscriptions numbered 525–540 in IG v, 1 not earlier than the Aurelii (see v, 1, p. 114), he presumably places no. 521 about the middle of the second century and not later than 161.

page 176 note 9 IG v, 1, 1208.

page 176 note 10 See note on IG v, 1, 120838.

page 176 note 11 CIG 2964 b. A. Λ. Φαίνιος Φαῦστος

page 176 note 12 For date, see note ad loc, in BM Inscr. 482.

page 176 note 13 IG v, 1, 66, 67.

page 176 note 14 See notes ad loc. n. 66.

page 176 note 15 PIR ii, p. 102/3, 414.

page 176 note 16 PIR ii, p. 103, 415.

page 176 note 17 PIR ii, p. 103, 416.

page 177 note 1 IG v, 1, 547.

page 177 note 2 Πρατόλας Δεξιμάχου in IG v, i, 20911, one of οί σιτηθέντες έπὶ Νικοπ[λέ]ος, may be his son, as the stemma proposes, but proof is lacking.

page 177 note 3 IG v, 1, p. 117.

page 178 note 1 IG iv, 940.

page 178 note 2 T. Statilius Timocrates was a son of T. Statilius Lamprias, son of Lamprias. For this family see IG iv, 12, p. xxxi (stemma of Statilii Epidaurii) and nos. 665, 670–681. The nomen was in the family by A.D. 35 or 36 as is shown by IG iv, 935, alluded to in Part I, JRS xxi, p. 209, footnote 4. There is no doubt that this nomen entered Greece through a member of the Statilius Taurus family. Veil. Pat. ii, 127, speaking of Agrippa and Taurus in connexion with their services at Actium, says that they were ‘quibus novitas familiae haut obstitit quominus ad multiplices consulatus triumphosque eveherentur.’ He was consul in 37 B.C. The consul of A.D. 11 was probably grandson of this novus homo. He is not known to have had to do with Achaia, whereas the ‘founder of the family’ was—he commanded a contingent at Actium.

page 178 note 3 The wife did not usually take the husband's nomen. In IG v, 1, 470, the wife of P. Memmius Sidectas is called Volossena Olympis, after her father, in accordance with Roman usage. Cp. also IG v, 1, 547, duplicated in substance by BSA xxix, p. 34–35, 57, where a Memmia is the wife of a Pomponius; IG v, 1, 1174 where a Peducaea Marullina is the wife of L. Mindius Damocrates; IG v, 1, 521, where a Munatia Sabina is the wife of a Fabius.

page 178 note 4 See indices to IG.

page 178 note 5 IG iii, Pars 1, 613; Jos. Ant. xix, 1, 13 ; Dio, lviii, 25; Tac. Ann. i, 76; Suet. Claud. 25, 3.

page 179 note 1 Part I, JRS xxi, p. 205.

page 179 note 2 For this nomen see above, p. 168.

page 179 note 3 IG v, 1, 503 (add).

page 179 note 4 Woodward, , BSA xxvi, p. 210.Google Scholar

page 179 note 5 See Part I, JRS xxi (1931), p. 212, s.v. Οὐαλέριος. Νόβιος Αἰλιανός of IG v, 1 1469, is too obscure to trace in detail.

page 180 note 1 In the Athenian system a demotic name was added in the full style, but this was not the case in Laconia.

page 180 note 2 There are exceptions; e.g. the gentes Maria, Mummia and Sertoria had no cognomina (Plut. Marius i, 1).

page 180 note 3 It is true that there are instances of the praenomen being altered in the next generation, e.g. IG iv, 1279, Σεκ. Πομ. Ἱλαριανὸς Άλκάστου is a son of a Γαΐος Πομ. Ἄλκαστος. See the stemma of the Ἄλκαστοι in IG v, 1, p. 131, and also Kolbe's note in IG v, 1, add. ad 504. For the social factors influencing the Greek use of Roman names see Sir W. M. Ramsay, Tbe Cities of St. Pauly, pp. 206–208.

page 180 note 4 Dio lx, 7, 2, and Philostr. Vit. Apoll. iv, 5.

page 181 note 1 The explanation that Biadas received Roman citizenship in the course of the year is not plausible. Presumably the boards of γέροντες and ἔϕοροι were chosen at the same time, and, if so, there is no reason why one inscribed record should have been put up before the other.

page 181 note 2 IG v, 1, 971, 489.

page 181 note 3 IG v, 1, 487.

page 181 note 4 IG v, 1, 1171.

page 181 note 5 IG v, 1, 537.

page 181 note 6 IG v, 1, 471.

page 181 note 7 IG v, 1, 467.

page 181 note 8 IG v, 1, 32 A.

page 181 note 9 IG v, 1, 32 B.

page 181 note 10 BSA xxvi, p. 172, E. 12.

page 181 note 11 IG v, 1, 34.

page 182 note 1 IG V, 1, 112.

page 182 note 2 See supra, Part I, 1 A, JRS XXI (1931), p. 207.

page 182 note 3 IG v, 1, 1174.

page 182 note 4 See the indices of names in CIG.

page 182 note 5 IG vii, 1776.

page 182 note 6 ad loc.

page 182 note 7 SIC 3 806, 805. Xenophon belonged to a family of Asclepiadae. His uncle, Philinus, was Ti. Claudius, as was also Xenophon's brother, Cleonymus, and both uncle and brother served as tribuni militum.

page 183 note 1 IG v, 1, 659.

page 183 note 2 BCH viii, 143.

page 183 note 3 Journal des Savants, 1906, 576.

page 183 note 4 Plut. Sull., 16 ad fin.

page 183 note 5 Drumann-Groebe, , Geschichte Roms, iii, 39 ff.Google Scholars.v. gens Gabinia, no. 5.

page 183 note 6 Id. Geschichte Roms, p. 58, no. 6.

page 183 note 7 The grant to Theophanes of Mytilene, historian, by Cn. Pompeius in the presence of his army probably occurred in 62 (Cic. pro. Arch. 10).