Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T13:15:48.603Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

ENAYAT MODELS OF PEANO ARITHMETIC

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2018

ATHAR ABDUL-QUADER*
Affiliation:
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE BRONX COMMUNITY COLLEGE 2155 UNIVERSITY AVENUE BRONX, NY 10453, USAE-mail: aabdulquader@gradcenter.cuny.edu

Abstract

Simpson [6] showed that every countable model ${\cal M} \models PA$ has an expansion $\left( {{\cal M},X} \right) \models P{A^{\rm{*}}}$ that is pointwise definable. A natural question is whether, in general, one can obtain expansions of a nonprime model in which the definable elements coincide with those of the underlying model. Enayat [1] showed that this is impossible by proving that there is ${\cal M} \models PA$ such that for each undefinable class X of ${\cal M}$, the expansion $\left( {{\cal M},X} \right)$ is pointwise definable. We call models with this property Enayat models. In this article, we study Enayat models and show that a model of $PA$ is Enayat if it is countable, has no proper cofinal submodels and is a conservative extension of all of its elementary cuts. We then show that, for any countable linear order γ, if there is a model ${\cal M}$ such that $Lt\left( {\cal M} \right) \cong \gamma$, then there is an Enayat model ${\cal M}$ such that $Lt\left( {\cal M} \right) \cong \gamma$.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Symbolic Logic 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Enayat, A., Undefinable classes and definable elements in models of set theory and arithmetic. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 103 (1988), no. 4, pp. 12161220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaifman, H., A note on models and submodels of arithmetic, Conference in Mathematical Logic – London 70 (Hodges, W., editor), Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 255, Springer, Berlin, 1972, pp. 128144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kossak, R. and Schmerl, J. H., The Structure of Models of Peano Arithmetic, Oxford Logic Guides, vol. 50, The Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006; Oxford Science Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paris, J. B., On models of arithmetic, Conference in Mathematical Logic—London 70 (Bedford College, London, 1970) (Hodges, W., editor), Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 255, Springer, Berlin, 1972, pp. 251280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmerl, J. H., Infinite substructure lattices of models of Peano arithmetic, this Journal, vol. 75 (2010), no. 4, pp. 13661382.Google Scholar
Simpson, S. G., Forcing and models of arithmetic. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 43 (1974), no. 1, pp. 193194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar