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Strategic Manipulations for Associative Memory and the Role of Verbal Processing Abilities in Schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 June 2011

Aaron Bonner-Jackson  and
Deanna M. Barch
Aaron Bonner-Jackson*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
Deanna M. Barch
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Aaron Bonner-Jackson, Rhode Island Hospital, Physicians Office Building, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02903. E-mail: aaron_bonner-jackson@brown.edu
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Abstract

Individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate episodic memory (EM) deficits and abnormal EM-related brain activity. Experimental encoding manipulations significantly benefit memory performance in schizophrenia, suggesting that a strategic processing deficit may contribute to memory impairment. However, few studies have investigated the combined effects of encoding and retrieval strategies on EM in schizophrenia. The current study examined the impact of encoding and retrieval strategies on associative memory and brain activity in schizophrenia. We also assessed the role of verbal processing ability in response to strategic memory interventions in schizophrenia. Behavioral and functional neuroimaging data were collected from 23 participants with schizophrenia and 24 comparison subjects while performing associative memory encoding and recall tasks. Behaviorally, both schizophrenia participants and controls benefited from memory strategies and showed significant associations between verbal processing ability and recall. Additionally, among schizophrenia participants, encoding strategy use was associated with enhanced brain activity in multiple brain areas. Schizophrenia participants also demonstrated significant associations between verbal processing ability and encoding-related brain activity in prefrontal cortex. Findings suggest that memory performance and brain activity in schizophrenia can be enhanced via strategic manipulations, and individual differences in cognitive abilities in schizophrenia can affect behavioral and neurobiological responses to strategic memory interventions. (JINS, 2011, 17, 796–806)

Keywords

fMRIEpisodic memoryBrain mappingPrefrontal cortexNeuropsychologyAntipsychotics
Type
Regular Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 17 , Issue 5 , September 2011 , pp. 796 - 806
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2011

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