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Deleterious Impact of Expressive Suppression on Test Performance Persists at One-Year Follow-Up in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2018

Yana Suchy Open the ORCID record for Yana Suchy [Opens in a new window] ,
Madison Amelia Niermeyer ,
Emilie Irene Franchow Open the ORCID record for Emilie Irene Franchow [Opens in a new window]  and
Rosemary Ziemnik
Yana Suchy*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Madison Amelia Niermeyer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Emilie Irene Franchow
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Behavioral Healthcare Line, New Mexico Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Rosemary Ziemnik
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Yana Suchy, Department of Psychology, 380 S. 1530 E. Room 502, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112; E-mail: yana.suchy@psych.utah.edu
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Abstract

Objectives: Expressive suppression (ES) is an emotion-regulation strategy that is associated with poorer performance on subsequently administered tests of executive functioning (EF). It is not known, however, how far into the future ES interferes with EF. This study examined whether (a) ES negatively affects performance on EF tests repeated 1 year after the initial administration (presumably through interference with learning, leading to a reduced practice effect), and (b) whether such an effect, if seen, is unique to EF or whether it also affects lower-order cognitive processes needed for EF test performance. Methods: Sixty-six non-demented community-dwelling older adults were randomly assigned to either an ES group or control group. Executive and non-executive tests were administered before and immediately following the exposure to an emotionally evocative video, and then again at 1-year follow-up. Groups were compared at 1-year follow-up on tests of EF and lower-order processes, to examine whether the previously demonstrated impact of ES on EF is evident only immediately following the experimental manipulation (Franchow & Suchy, 2017), or also at 1-year follow-up. Results: The results showed that participants who engaged in ES continued to exhibit poorer performance on EF tests 1 year later. This effect was not present for performance on tests of lower-order processes. Conclusions: These results suggest that the use of ES before an EF task can interfere with the ability to benefit from exposure to that task, thereby negatively affecting future performance. (JINS, 2019, 25, 29–38)

Keywords

Affect suppressionEmotional suppressionEmotion regulationExecutive controlDepletionCognitive aging
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , January 2019 , pp. 29 - 38
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2018 

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