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Incidental Learning and Memory Deficits on a Computerized Symbol-Digit Modalities Test in Adults with HIV/AIDS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2020

David J. Hardy Open the ORCID record for David J. Hardy [Opens in a new window] ,
Steven A. Castellon  and
Charles H. Hinkin
David J. Hardy*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
Steven A. Castellon
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System
Charles H. Hinkin*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: David J. Hardy, 1 LMU Drive, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, California, 90045, USA; email: david.hardy@lmu.edu; Charles H. Hinkin, Box 951759, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-747 Semel Institute, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA; email: chinkin@ucla.edu.
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: David J. Hardy, 1 LMU Drive, Suite 4700, Los Angeles, California, 90045, USA; email: david.hardy@lmu.edu; Charles H. Hinkin, Box 951759, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-747 Semel Institute, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA; email: chinkin@ucla.edu.
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Abstract

Objective:

Incidental learning and memory, as well as processing speed, were examined in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults and a seronegative control group.

Methods:

Participants completed a computerized Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (cSDMT) with two blocked conditions: a set of trials with the standard symbol–digit pairings and the second set with a rearranged symbol–digit pairings.

Results:

HIV-positive adults showed slower overall reaction time compared to the HIV-negative group. More importantly, the most cognitively impaired HIV-positive group showed no interference in the rearranged set of symbol–digit pairings from the standard pairings on the cSDMT.

Conclusion:

The relative slowing, or interference, in the HIV-negative group and two HIV-positive groups (unimpaired and impaired) was quite large (between 122 and 131 ms). We argue that the lack of such relative slowing in the most cognitively impaired HIV-positive group indicates a deficit in incidental learning and memory.

Keywords

HIVAIDSIncidental learning and memoryProcessing speedSymbol-Digit Modalities TestReaction time
Type
Brief Communication
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 27 , Issue 4 , April 2021 , pp. 389 - 395
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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