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Neuroanatomic correlates of CVLT–C performance following pediatric traumatic brain injury

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2005

CYNTHIA F. SALORIO ,
BETH S. SLOMINE ,
MARCO A. GRADOS ,
ROMA A. VASA ,
JAMES R. CHRISTENSEN  and
JOAN P. GERRING
CYNTHIA F. SALORIO
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
BETH S. SLOMINE
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
MARCO A. GRADOS
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
ROMA A. VASA
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
JAMES R. CHRISTENSEN
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
JOAN P. GERRING
Affiliation:
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently results in memory problems, and the degree of memory impairment is related to injury severity and is commonly associated with lesions in frontal and temporal brain areas. This study examined the relationship among injury severity, brain lesions, and memory in children with moderate to severe TBI using Donders' (1999) 5-factor model of performance on the California Verbal Learning Test–Children's Version (CVLT–C). Seventy-six children underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans 3 months post-TBI and testing 1 year post-TBI. Results showed injury severity (Glasgow Coma Scale) was not predictive of performance on 4 of the 5 factors. Volume of frontal and/or temporal brain lesions was significantly predictive of performance on 3 of the 5 factors. Unexpectedly, lesion volume outside these areas (extra-frontotemporal) was predictive of performance on all 5 factors. In contrast, Verbal IQ at 1 year was most strongly associated with preinjury factors (socioeconomic status and special education involvement), although extra-frontotemporal lesions also contributed to the variability in this measure. Results suggest that in children with moderate to severe TBI, extra-frontal/temporal lesions are predictive of memory outcome 1 year postinjury above and beyond initial severity or frontal/temporal contusions. This finding may relate to widespread diffuse axonal injury, which potentially disconnects brain circuits mediating memory following moderate to severe TBI. (JINS, 2005, 11, 686–696.)

Keywords

TBI (Traumatic brain injury)MemoryChildrenMagnetic resonance imagingDiffuse brain injuryNeuropsychological test
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 11 , Issue 6 , October 2005 , pp. 686 - 696
Copyright
© 2005 The International Neuropsychological Society

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