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Exploitation of micro refuges and epibiosis: survival strategies of a calcareous sponge

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2016

Bárbara Ribeiro ,
André Padua ,
Paulo Cesar Paiva ,
Márcio Reis Custódio  and
Michelle Klautau
Bárbara Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
André Padua
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Paulo Cesar Paiva
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Márcio Reis Custódio
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 321, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Michelle Klautau*
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: M. Klautau Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil email: mklautau@biologia.ufrj.br
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Abstract

Sponges interact in various ways with a wide variety of organisms in benthic communities and ecological interactions may influence the distribution, abundance and diversity of these organisms in different sites. Although several studies have already been developed for Demospongiae, knowledge of ecological interactions in the class Calcarea is lacking. Some calcareous sponges are considered weak competitors for space and to have developed strategies to survive in highly dynamic environments, such as exploitation of micro refuges and epibiosis. We aimed to investigate the influence of intra- and interspecific interactions in the abundance, growth and lifespan of the calcareous sponge Clathrina aurea in south-eastern Brazil. Two peaks of abundance and area coverage were observed during the studied year, probably associated with reproductive effort. We found no evidence of intra- or interspecific competition between the sponge and the benthic community. Clathrina aurea was found using parts of other organisms as substrate (epibiosis), such as algae, demosponges and corals. It was seen that the interaction of the sponge with coral polyps positively affects the lifespan of sponge individuals and the interstices of corals probably promote a micro refuge for C. aurea against competitors for space and predators.

Keywords

Clathrina aureaPoriferaecological interactionsAstrangiaPhyllangiacompetitionSouth-western Atlantic
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 98 , Issue 3 , May 2018 , pp. 495 - 503
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 

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