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Shell variations in the gastropod, Monodonta labio, in the North-western Pacific: the important role of temperature in the evolution process

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2019

Dan Zhao ,
Ling-Feng Kong ,
Takenori Sasaki  and
Qi Li
Dan Zhao
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Ling-Feng Kong
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
Takenori Sasaki
Affiliation:
The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Qi Li*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
*
Author for correspondence: Qi Li, E-mail: qili66@ouc.edu.cn
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Abstract

Molluscan shells showing phenotypic variations are ideal models for studying evolution and plasticity. In north-eastern Asia, genetic and morphological diversity of the gastropod, Monodonta labio, were assumed to be influenced by both palaeoclimatic changes and current ecological factors. In this study, we examined spatial variations in shell shape of M. labio using general measurement and geometric morphometric analysis. We also investigated whether shell shape variation is best explained by environmental gradients or by genetic structuring, based on our prior molecular phylogeographic study. Two common morphological forms were observed among Chinese populations and in the adjacent Asian areas. Both the analyses revealed separation patterns in morphological variations of shell shape among the clades and populations. Environmental modelling analysis showed a significant correlation between shape variations and local maximum temperatures of the warmest month, indicating the role of natural selection in the evolution of this species. Data obtained in this study, combined with the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) molecular phylogenetic data from the prior study, showed that morphological variations in M. labio were constrained by both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. We hypothesized that geographic separation by the Dongshan Landbridge was the first step towards its diversification, and that the temperature gradient between the East China Sea and South China Sea probably was the selective force driving the divergence of its morphological variations.

Keywords

AdaptationGastropodanatural selectionphenotypic plasticitytemperatureNorth-western Pacific
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 99 , Issue 7 , November 2019 , pp. 1591 - 1599
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2019 

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