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Taxonomy of Cladorhiza in the deep SW Atlantic: C. nicoleae sp. nov. and redescription of C. inversa (Cladorhizidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2015

Cristiana Castello-Branco ,
Jon Thomassen Hestetun ,
Hans Tore Rapp  and
Eduardo Hajdu
Cristiana Castello-Branco*
Affiliation:
Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Jon Thomassen Hestetun
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A/B, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
Hans Tore Rapp
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A/B, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
Eduardo Hajdu
Affiliation:
Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to:C. Castello-Branco, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil email: cristianacbranco@gmail.com
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Abstract

Until now only two species of Cladorhiza have been reported from the SW Atlantic, namely C. diminuta and C. inversa, despite a total of 39 species reported from various parts of the globe. Here we describe a new species, C. nicoleae sp. nov., dredged from 750 m depth on the continental slope off SE Brazil during the French RV ‘Marion Dufresne’ expedition in 1987. It is an erect, pedunculated and club-shaped sponge, 26 mm high and with 12 radially arranged whip-like projections (each up to 3 mm long). The new species differs from its closest relative, C. inversa (redescribed here), by its possession of sigmas and sigmancistras. The holotype of Cladorhiza inversa is also a pedunculated sponge, 1.9 cm tall, with a cup-shaped body with an apical spur-like continuation of the stem and a crown of 16 projections (up to 8 mm long) radiating from the rim of the body.

Keywords

MD55deep seaPoriferaH.M.S. Challengercarnivorous spongesBrazil
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 96 , Issue 2: Proceedings of the 9th World Sponge Conference held in Fremantle Australia in 2013: New Frontiers in Sponge Science , March 2016 , pp. 297 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2015 

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