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The peacefulness and longevity of the Venetian Republic prove that it had solved one of its greatest problems – that of poverty Not that it was rid of its poor even in times of prosperity: but at least they were cared for by a wealth of charitable organizations, and that desperation which leads to civil insurrection never gained a hold. The chronically sick, the girls having no dowry, the orphans and the beggars were each helped by various institutions which were supported by the more fortunate. The four largest of these could between them claim to cater for any poor person who was really in need. The beggars were taken off the streets by the Ospedale di S. Lazzaro et Mendicanti, founded and endowed by three noble families. The sick went to the Incurabili, originally a house for poor pilgrims, but later turned to this more pressing need. Orphans and poor children were housed in two ospedali: the Derelitti near the monastery of SS. Giovanni e Paolo, and later known as the Ospedaletto; and the Pietà.
1 This essay was to have been part of the catalogue of an exhibition in Venice entitled Assistenza e carità I grandi ospedali di Venezie 1471–1797 to be held in 1985 Unfortunately it never took placeGoogle Scholar
2 Ordint et capitoli delta compagnta dell'oratono, il quale nell'Hospitale de gli Incurabili in Venetia (Venice, 1568)Google Scholar
3 Arnold, Denis, ‘God, Caesar and Mammon A Study in Patronage in Venice, 1550–1750’, inaugural lecture, Nottingham University, 20 February 1970Google Scholar
4 Archive of S Maria della Fava, Decreti I, 26 May 1663Google Scholar
5 Motetti a voce sola di D Natale Monferrato. libro prima (Venice, 1655).Google Scholar
6 Denis, and Arnold, Elsie, The Oratorio in Venice (London, 1986), 5ffGoogle Scholar
7 Arnold, Denis, ‘Orphans and Ladies. The Venetian Conservatoires (1680–1790)’, Proceedings of the Royal Musical Association, 89 (1962–3), 31–47Google Scholar
8 Archivio di Stato, Venice (hereafter ASV), Ospedali e Luoghi Pn, Busta 688, Notatorio G, f 53.Google Scholar
9 IbidGoogle Scholar
10 Ibid, Busta 689, Notatono H, ff 3–7Google Scholar
11 Ibid, Busta 688, Notatono G, ff 181–182Google Scholar
12 Rostirolla, Giancarlo, ‘L'organizzazione musicale nell'ospedale veneziano della Pietà al tempo di Vivaldi’, Nuova rivista musicale italiana, 13 (1979), 168–95 (p 189)Google Scholar
13 ASV, Busta 689, Notatono H, ff 40–41, 6 January 1708 (= 1709 MV)Google Scholar
14 Ibid., Busta 689, Notatono I, f 34.Google Scholar
15 Turin, Bibliotcca nazionalc univcrsitaria, Ris mus II 2Google Scholar
16 ASV, Busta 689, Notatono I, ff 172–173Google Scholar
17 Ellero, Giuseppe, Arte e musica all'Ospedaletto (Venice, 1978), 183Google Scholar
18 Coronelli, Vincenzo, Guida de' forestieri (Venice, 1724), 129Google Scholar
19 Arnold, Denis, ‘Music at the Mendicanti in the Eighteenth Century’, Music and Letters, 65 (1984), 353Google Scholar
20 Ellero, Arte e musica, 188Google Scholar
21 Guida de' forestieri, 16Google Scholar
22 Music, Men and Manners in France and Italy 1770, ed Herbert Edmund Poole (London, 1974), 78Google Scholar
23 Ellero, Arte e musica, 195Google Scholar
24 Hintermaier, Ernst, ‘Die Salzburger Hofkapelle von 1700 bis 1806’ (dissertation, University of Salzburg, 1972), 45, 109 and 274Google Scholar
25 For a fuller account of the celebrations see Elsie and Denis Arnold, ‘Russians in Venice The Visit of the Conti del Nord in 1782’, in Slavonic and Western Music Essays for Gerald Abraham, ed Malcolm Hamrick Brown and Roland John Wiley (Ann Arbor and Oxford, 1985), 123–30Google Scholar
26 Letters from Italy Describing the Customs and Manners of that Country in the Years 1765 and 1766 (London, 1767), 28Google Scholar
27 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Italian Journey, trans W H Auden and Elisabeth Mayer (London, 1962), 67Google Scholar
28 Ellero, Arte e musica, 198Google Scholar
29 Arnold, ‘Music at the Mendicanti’, 354–5Google Scholar
30 Kassler, Jamie Croy, ‘Burney's Sketch of a Plan for a Public Music-School’, Musical Quarterly, 58 (1972), 210–34.Google Scholar
