Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-jbqgn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-05T20:01:54.623Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Law and Development: A General Model

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2024

Robert B. Seidman*
Affiliation:
University of Wisconsin, Madison

Extract

As Mark Twain once remarked about the weather, everyone talks about law and development, but nobody does much about it. How does law “set off, monitor, or otherwise regulate the fact or pace of social change?” (Friedman, 1969). Atomistic studies relating specific norms of law to specific sorts of social change are plentiful. Holistic studies purporting to explicate general propositions relating rules and behavior can hardly be found. The few that do exist do hardly more than assure us, most sincerely, that yes, there really is a relationship between law and social change.

What is needed is a general model relating law and social change. Here, we discuss (1) the definition of the problem; (2) its parameters; (3) an heuristic model; and (4) a variety of “middle-level” hypotheses that can be suggested. The specific focus of this discussion is on Africa.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1972 The Law and Society Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ALLOTT, A. (1963) “Legal Development and Economic Growth,” in J. N. D. ANDERSON (ed.), Changing Law in Developing Countries. London: George Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
ALLOTT, A. (1965) “The Future of African Law,” in H. KUPER and L. KUPER (eds.), African Law: Adaptation and Development. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
ALLOTT, A. (1958) “The Study of African Law,” 1958 Sudan. Law Journal Review 258.Google Scholar
ASANTE, S. K. B. (1965) “Interests in Land in the Customary Law of Ghana — A New Appraisal,” 74 Yale Law Journal 848.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BALANDIER, G. (1951) “The Colonial Situation: A Theoretical Approach,” 11 Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie 44.Google Scholar
BENNIS, W. G., K. D., BENNE, and R., CHIN (eds.) (1969) The Planning of Change (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rhinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
BERMAN, Hyman (1963) Justice in the U.S.S.R. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BLAKE, J., and K., DAVIS (1964) “Norms, Values, Sanctions,” in R. PARIS (ed.), Handbook of Modern Sociology. Chicago: Rand, McNally.Google Scholar
BOHANNAN, P. (1966) “The Differing Realms of Law,” in Laura, NADER (ed.) The Ethnography of Law, 67 American Anthropology 33.Google Scholar
BRAIBANTI, Ralph (1968) “The Role of Law in Political Development,” in R., WILSON (ed.) International and Comparative Law of the Commonwealth. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
BRAYBROOK, D., and C. E., LINDBLOM (1963) Strategy of Decision: Policy Evaluation as a Social Process. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
CHAMBLISS, W., and R., SEIDMAN (1971) Law, Order and Power. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
CHIN, R. (1961) The Utility of System Models and Developmental Models,“ in BENNIS, W. G., BENNE, K. D., and R., CHIN (eds.), The Planning of Change. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
CLIFFE, L., and W., CUNNINGHAM (1969) “Ideology, Organization and Settlement Experience in Tanzania.” (Cyclostyle).Google Scholar
COHEN (1966) Deviance and Control. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
DAHL, Robert (1966) Pluralist Democracy in the United States — Conflict and Consent. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
DAHL, Robert, and CHARLES, LINDBLOM (1953) Politics, Economics and Welfare: Planning and Politico-Economic Systems Resolved into Basic Social Processes. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
DAVID, R. (1962) “A Civil Code for Ethiopia,” 37 Tulane Law Review 204.Google Scholar
DEWEY, J. (1963) Logic, The Theory of Inquiry. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
EDWARDS, R. H., and J., HOWARD (1969) Law and the Developing Nation (draft).Google Scholar
FELDMAN, D. (1969) “The Economics of Ideology: Some Problems of Achieving Rural Socialism in Tanzania,” in C. LEYS (ed.), Politics and Change in Developing Countries: Studies in the Theory and Practice of Development. Cambridge: University Press.Google Scholar
FRANKEL (1954) The Economic Impact on Under-Developed Societies. Oxford: Blacknell.Google Scholar
FRIEDMAN, L. (1969a) “Legal Culture and Social Development,” 4 Law and Society Review 19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FRIEDMAN, L. (1969b) “On Legal Development,” 4 Rutgers Law Review 11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GALANTER, Marc (1966) “The Modernization of Law” in M. WEINER (ed.), Modernization: The Dynamics of Growth. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
GLUCKMAN, M. (1965) Politics, Law and Ritual in Tribal Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar
GRUNDEMANN, H. (1968) “What Kind of Patent Law Does Tanzania Need?” Dar es Salaam: Economic Research Bureau. (Cyclostyle).Google Scholar
GULLIVER (1958) Land Tenure and Social Change among the Nyakusa, East Africa Studies No. 11. Kampala: East African Institute of Social Research.Google Scholar
HALL, J. (1961) “Legal Sanctions” 6 Natural Law Forum 119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HARVEY, W. B. (1966) Law and Social Change in Ghana. Princeton: University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HARVEY, W. B. (1969) “Democratic Values, Social Change and Legal Institutions in the Development Process,” in A. RIVKIN (ed.), Nations by Design. Garden City: Anchor Books.Google Scholar
HOEBEL, E. Adamson (1964) Law of Primitive Man: A Study of Comparative Legal Dynamics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
HOLT, Robert, and John, TURNER (1966) The Political Basis of Economic Development: An Exploration in Comparative Political Analysis. Princeton: Van Nostrand.Google Scholar
KELSEN, H. (1967) The Pure Theory of Law. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KHIDER, M., and M. C., SIMPSON (1968) “Cooperatives in the Sudan,” 6 Journal of Modern African Studies 509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LUNDBERG, G. A., and M., LANSING (1937) “The Sociography of Some Community Relations,” 2 American Sociological Review 318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MARSHALL, H. H. (1966) “The Changes and Adjustments which Should be Made to Present Legal Systems of Africa to Permit Them to Respond More Effectively to the Requirements of the Development of Such Countries,” in A. TUNC (ed.), Legal Aspects of Economic Development. Paris: Libraire Dalloz.Google Scholar
MASSELL, G. (1968) “Law as an Instrument of Revolutionary Change in a Traditional Milieu: The Case of Soviet Central Asia,” 2 Law and Society Review 179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MILNER, A. (1957) African Penal Systems. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
MIRACLE, M., and A., SEIDMAN (1968) Cooperative Farming in Ghana. Madison: Land Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin.Google Scholar
MOREIRA, A. (1957) “General Report, Ethnic and Cultural Pluralism in the Intertropical Societies,” in Record of the XXXth Meeting, International Institute of Differing Civilizations, in Brussels.Google Scholar
NWABUEZE, B. O. (1966) “Legal Aspects of Economic Development,” in A. TUNC (ed.), Legal Aspects of Economic Development. Paris: Libraire Dalloz.Google Scholar
NYHART, J. D. (1962) “The Role of Law in Economic Development,” 1962 Sudan Law Journal and Reprints 394407.Google Scholar
OCRAN, M. (1970) “What of Law and Development in Africa?” (Unpublished MS.).Google Scholar
PARRY, C. (1968) “The Function of Law in the International Community,” in M. SORRENSON (ed.), Manual of Public International Law. New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
PATTERSON, E. (1953) Jurisprudence — Men and Ideas of the Law. Brooklyn: Foundation Press.Google Scholar
PODGORECKI, A. (1962) “Law and Social Engineering,” 21 Human Organization 177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
POPPER, K. (1957) The Poverty of Historicism. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
POUND, R. (1942) Social Control through Law. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
PRATT, C. (1967) “The Administration of Economic Planning in a Newly Independent State: The Tanzanian Experience, 1963-66,” 5 Journal Communication Political Studies 38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RALD, J. (1969) Land Use in a Bahaya Village. Dar es Salaam: Bureau of Resource Assessment and Land Use Planning.Google Scholar
RHEINSTEIN, M. (1963) “Problems of Law in the New Nations of Africa,” in C. GEERTZ (ed.), Old Societies and New States: The Quest for Modernity in Asia and Africa. Glencoe: Free Press.Google Scholar
SAWER, G. (1965) Law in Society. Oxford: Clarendon.Google Scholar
SCHILLER, A. (1968) “Introduction,” in T. HUTCHINSON (ed.), Africa and Law: Developing Legal Systems of African Commonwealth Nations. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1966a) “Law and Economic Development in Independent, English-speaking, Sub-Saharan Africa,” 1966 Wisconsin Law Review 999.Google Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1969a) “The Reception of English Law in Colonial Africa Revisited,” 2 East African Law Review 47.Google Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1969b) “The Ghana Prison System: An Historical Perspective,” in A. MILNER (ed.), African Penal Systems. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1969c) “Constitutions in Independent, Anglophonic, Sub-Saharan Africa: Form and Legitimacy,” 1969 Wisconsin Law Review 83.Google Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1966b) “Mens Rea and the Reasonable African,” 15 International and Comparative Law Quarterly.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1966c) “The Inarticulate Premise,” 4 Journal of Modern African Studies 566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1965) “Witch Murder and Mens Rea: A Problem of Society under Radical Social Change,” 28 Modern Law Review 46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1970) “Administrative Law and Legitimacy in Anglo-phonic Africa; A Problem in the Reception of Foreign Law,” 5 Law and Society Review 161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SEIDMAN, Robert B. (1972) “The Communication of Law and the Process of Development in Anglophonic Africa.” Wisconsin Law Review (forthcoming).Google Scholar
SMITH, D. (1968) Book Review, 14 Villanova Law Review 186.Google Scholar
SMITH, M. G. (1965) “The Sociological Framework of Law” in H. KUPER and L. KUPER (eds.), African Law: Adaptation and Development. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
TANGANYIKA (1920) Tanganyika Order-in-Council.Google Scholar
TANZANIA (1963) Judicature and Application of Laws Ordinance, 1961, as Amended by the Magistrates Court Act, Schedule VI.Google Scholar
VAN DE LAAR, A. J. M. (1968) “Perspective on the Parastals,” Dar es Salaam: Economic Research Bureau. (Cyclostyle).Google Scholar
WEBER, M. (1954) Max Weber on Law in Economy and Society, , M. RHEINSTEIN (ed.), E. SHILS and M. RHEINSTEIN (translators). Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
ZOLBERG, A. (1966) Creating Political Order: The Party States of West Africa. Chicago: Rand, McNally.Google Scholar