The generic name Globosphaeria D. Hawksw. gen. nov. is introduced for the single species G. jamesii D. Hawksw. sp. nov. discovered on squamules of the lichen Normandina pulchella (Borrer) Nyl. collected in Tasmania. It is commensalistic or perhaps mutualistic. The genus is characterized by dark perithecioid ascomata, filiform paraphyses, thin-walled asci, and uniseriate thick-walled globose hyaline ascospores. It cannot easily be accommodated in any accepted order, and is tentatively referred to the Xylariales pending the discovery of fresh material.