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Coopetition and Firm Survival in a Cluster: Insights from the Population Ecology on the Yacht Industry in an Emerging Economy, 1957–2010

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2019

Hsi-Mei Chung  and
Li-Hsuan Cheng
Hsi-Mei Chung*
Affiliation:
I-Shou University, Taiwan
Li-Hsuan Cheng
Affiliation:
National Cheng-Chi University, Taiwan
*
Corresponding author: Hsi-Mei Chung (smchung@isu.edu.tw)
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Abstract

Firms that are located in a cluster may confront cooperation and competition at the same time. The advantage of cooperation and the disadvantage of competition on a firm may need to examine the firm survival in a cluster as the cluster evolves. Employing the population ecology viewpoint, this study tries to address coopetition issues in a cluster to examine the impact of coopetition on firm survival rate. Analyzing yacht industry data in Taiwan from 1957–2010, this study indicates that the founding rate of yacht firms will be positively related with the cluster size. Additionally, during the competition period, those firms located inside the cluster may have a higher dissolution rate than those firms outside the cluster, indicating the disadvantage of competition on the firm. Finally, this study finds that those firms located inside the cluster will be more likely to become larger and have capabilities to survive. The results in this study provide insights on addressing coopetition issues in a cluster.

摘要

集群內的厂商通常会同时面临彼此之间既竞争又合作的关系。当集群随时间演进时，需要考查厂商的生存才能了解集群內厂商间合作所带来的优势以及集群内厂商间竞争所导致的缺点。采用人口生态学的观点，本文试图通过考查厂商之间的竞合关系对厂商生存几率的影响，从而探讨集群内的竞合问题。通过分析1957-2010年台湾游艇产业的长期数据，本文指出，游艇厂商的创立几率与游艇产业集群规模有显著的正相关；此外，在集群內厂商间竞争时期，集群内的厂商的死亡几率会显著高于集群外的厂商，表明厂商间的竞争的确不利于厂商的存活。最后本文发现，随着时间的推移，集群内的厂商的规模会显著大于集群外的厂商的规模，因而更有能力存活下来。本文的发现为集群内厂商竞合问题提供了具有洞察力的解释。

Аннотация

Компании в кластере могут одновременно сотрудничать и конкурировать. Преимущества сотрудничества и недостатки конкуренции могут влиять на выживание компании в кластере по мере развития кластера. Исходя из теории экологии популяции, данная работа посвящена проблеме сотрудничества конкурентов в кластере для того, чтобы изучить влияние сотрудничества конкурентов на выживаемость компании. На основании анализа данных из яхтенной отрасли на Тайване за период 1957-2010 годов, это исследование показывает, что скорость основания яхтенных компаний прямо пропорциональна размеру кластера. Кроме того, в период конкуренции, компании внутри кластера чаще прекращают свою деятельность, чем те компании, которые находятся за пределами кластера, что указывает на отрицательное влияние конкуренции на компании. Наконец, в этом исследовании делается вывод о том, что компании, которые работают внутри кластера, с большей вероятностью будут расти и смогут выжить. Результаты этого исследования дают представление о проблеме сотрудничества конкурентов в кластере.

Resumen

Las empresas que están ubicadas en un clúster pueden enfrentar la cooperación y la competencia al mismo tiempo. La ventaja de cooperación y la desventaja de la competencia en una empresa puede necesitar examinar la supervivencia empresarial en un clúster a medida que el clúster evoluciona. Usando el punto de vista de la ecología de población, este estudio trata de abordar los aspectos de la coopetición en un clúster para examinar el impacto de la coopetición en la tasa de supervivencia de una empresa. Analizando los datos de la industria de yates en Taiwán desde 1957 hasta el 2010, este estudio indica que la tasa de fundación de las empresas de yates será relacionada positivamente con el tamaño del clúster. Adicionalmente, durante el periodo de competencia, aquellas empresas ubicadas en un clúster pueden tener una tasa de disolución mayor que las empresas fuera del clúster, indicando las desventajas de la competencia en la empresa. Finalmente, este estudio encuentra que las empresas ubicadas en el clúster serán más propensas a hacerse más grandes y a tener capacidades para sobrevivir. Los resultados de este estudio proporcionan reflexiones sobre cómo abordar los asuntos de coopetición en un clúster.

Keywords

clustercoopetitionpopulation ecologyyacht industry集群竞合人口生态学游艇产业кластерсотрудничество конкурентовэкология популяциияхтенная индустрияclústerecología de poblaciónindustria de yates
Type
Article
Information
Management and Organization Review , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , December 2019 , pp. 837 - 856
Copyright
Copyright © 2019 The International Association for Chinese Management Research 

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Footnotes

Accepted by: Guest Editor Giovanni Battista Dagnino

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