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Unraveling the Philosophical Foundations of Co-opetition Strategy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2021

Giovanni Battista Dagnino Open the ORCID record for Giovanni Battista Dagnino [Opens in a new window]  and
Anna Minà
Giovanni Battista Dagnino*
Affiliation:
University of Rome LUMSA, Italy
Anna Minà
Affiliation:
University of Rome LUMSA, Italy
*
Corresponding author: Giovanni Battista Dagnino (g.dagnino@lumsa.it)
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Abstract

This article aims to understand how Eastern and Western philosophies shape the perspectives of scholars and practitioners in framing co-opetition (i.e., the coexistence of competition and cooperation) in distinctive manners and, in turn, how such distinctions shape the behavioral patterns of co-opetition. We disentangle the constructs of competition and cooperation and their coexistence as proposed by three Chinese schools of thought (i.e., Taoism, Confucianism, and Legalism) and three Western philosophers (i.e., Immanuel Kant, Georg W. F. Hegel, and Adam Smith). Based on this groundwork, we unveil four comparative philosophical logics used to address the essence of co-opetition (i.e., either/or, both/and, both/or, and either/and). In addition, we apply such East-meeting-West linkages to a typology of co-opetition strategies.

摘要

摘要

本文旨在理解东西方哲学在表达竞合战略（即竞争与合作共存）时如何以不同的方式影响学者和实践者的视角，以及这种区分如何影响竞合的行为模式。根据中国的道家、儒家和法家的思想以及西方的康德、黑格尔和史密斯三位哲学家的论述，我们解构竞争和合作的构念及其共存。在此基础上，我们揭示用于阐述竞合本质的四个比较哲学逻辑。此外，我们运用东方与西方的联结提出一个竞合策略的分类法。

Аннотация

АННОТАЦИЯ

Эта статья ставит своей целью прояснить, каким образом восточная и западная философии формируют взгляды ученых и практиков на развитие состязательного сотрудничества ： в различных видах и, в свою очередь, как такие различия формируют поведенческие модели состязательного сотрудничества. Мы выделяем понятия конкуренции, сотрудничества и их сосуществования, как это предлагается тремя китайскими школами мысли (т. е. даосизмом, конфуцианством и легизмом) и тремя западными философами (т. е. Иммануилом Кантом, Георгом В. Ф. Гегелем и Адамом Смитом). На основании этих работ, мы сопоставляем четыре вида философской логики для описания сущности состязательного сотрудничества (т. е. или/или, и то/и другое, и то и другое/или, и или/и). Кроме того, мы применяем такие логические связи, т. н. встреча Востока и Запада, к типологии стратегий состязательного сотрудничества.

Resumen

RESUMEN

Este artículo busca entender cómo las filosofías Orientales y Occidentales dan forma a las perspectivas de los académicos y los profesionales al enmarcar la coopetencia (es decir, la existencia de la competencia y la cooperación) de maneras distintas y, a su vez, cómo estas distinciones dan forma a patrones de comportamiento de coopetencia. Esclarecemos los constructos de competencia y cooperación y su coexistencia como los proponen tres escuelas chinas de pensamiento (es decir, el Taoísmo, Confucionismo, y Legalismo) y tres filósofos Occidentales (es decir, Immanuel Kant, Georg W.F. Hegel, y Adam Smith). A partir de este trabajo de base, revelamos cuatro lógicas comparativas usadas para abordar la esencia de la coopetencia (es decir, cualquiera/o, ambos/y, ambos/y, y cualquiera/y). Además, aplicamos estos vínculos Oriente-Encuentra-Occidente a una tipología de estrategias de coopetencia.

Keywords

co-opetition strategydeliberate and emergent strategyEastern and Western philosophiesimplicitexplicitand induced strategyyin-yang balancing frame竞合策略刻意策略与涌现策略东西方哲学隐性、显性和诱导策略阴阳平衡框架стратегия состязательного сотрудничествапродуманная и формирующаяся стратегиявосточная и западная философииимплицитнаяэксплицитная и индуцированная стратегияуравновешивающая структура Инь-Янestrategia de coopetenciaestrategia deliberada y emergentefilosofías occidentales y orientalesestrategia implícitaexplicita e inducidamarco de equilibrio yin-yang
Type
Article
Information
Management and Organization Review , Volume 17 , Issue 3 , July 2021 , pp. 490 - 523
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The International Association for Chinese Management Research

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Footnotes

ACCEPTED BY Deputy Editor Peter Ping Li

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