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Some properties of powers of 3 x 3 matrices

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2016

John MacNeill
John MacNeill*
Affiliation:
The Royal Wolverhampton School
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Extract

For the 3 x 3 matrix A = [a ij], the trace t of A is the sum of its main-diagonal entries:

The characteristic equation of A is

a cubic equation in λ which can be written as

where Δ is the determinant of A and

Type
Research Article
Information
The Mathematical Gazette , Volume 72 , Issue 460 , June 1988 , pp. 89 - 92
Copyright
Copyright © The Mathematical Association 1988

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