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Détermination de la ténacité de matériaux fragiles ou ductiles à partir de l’essai d’indentation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2013

A. Iost
A. Iost*
Affiliation:
Arts et Métiers ParisTech; Laboratoire Mécanique, Surfaces, Matériaux & Procédés (MSMP), 8 boulevard Louis XIV, 59046 Lille Cedex, France. e-mail : alain.iost@ensam.eu
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Abstract

les différentes méthodes qui utilisent l’essai d’indentation pour estimer la ténacité sont revues et commentées. Pour les matériaux fragiles, les formules sont principalement basées sur la mesure des fissures formées par l’indenteur ou, si l’essai est instrumenté, sur les décrochements (pop-in) observés sur la courbe charge-déplacement. D’autres méthodes moins connues peuvent utiliser la mesure de l’ouverture en fond de fissure, une équivalence entre la longueur de fissure formée et l’accroissement de pénétration de l’indenteur ou le clivage provoqué par une indentation proche du bord du matériau étudié. Pour les matériaux ductiles aucune fissure n’est visible à la surface, même pour les fortes charges appliquées. Dans ce cas la ténacité est reliée par la mécanique continue du dommage à un dommage critique mis en évidence par la diminution du module d’élasticité avec l’augmentation de la profondeur d’indentation. Toutes ces méthodes permettent de calculer la ténacité avec une incertitude pouvant aller au maximum à 50 %.

Keywords

Indentationténacitérupture fragilerupture ductilemécanique continue du dommagepropriétés mécaniquesIndentationfracture toughnessbrittle fractureductile fracturecontinuum damage mechanicsmechanical properties
Type
Research Article
Information
Metallurgical Research & Technology , Volume 110 , Issue 3 , 2013 , pp. 215 - 233
Copyright
© EDP Sciences 2013

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