The purpose of this scientific investigation was to determine the presence and specific cellular localization of left-handed Z-RNA, within germinative zone (GZ) epithelium of the lens (Fig. 1), using anti-Z-RNA IgG polyclonal antibodies. Right-handed B-DNA has the ability to adopt the Z-DNA conformation in vitro (Sinden, 1994). Right-handed A-RNA can be transformed into Z-RNA under specific conditions (Hall et al., 1984), and Z-RNA has been identified in cultured cells (Zarling et al., 1990). Strong evidence supports the idea of Z-DNA in vivo (Sinden, 1994). Removal of proteins by fixatives can induce supercoiling which stabilizes Z-DNA (Sinden, 1994).

Anti-Z-RNA antibodies were produced in rabbits immunized with injections of Z-RNA: brominated-poly[ribosomal(G-C)]. For light microscopy, immunohistochemical studies (ABC method), normal dog lens tissues (1 yr old) were fixed in Carnoy's, embedded in paraffin and sectioned 2 μm thick. For electron microscopy (immunogold staining), pieces of epithelium from the GZ of normal dog lens (1 yr old) were fixed with 5% glutaraldehyde in 0.05 M phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.3.