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The basaltic rocks of the Arctic region

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2018

Arthur Holmes
Arthur Holmes*
Affiliation:
Imperial College of Science and Technology, London
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Extract

The widespread basaltic rocks of tile Brito-krctic province, like those of the Deccan and Columbia basalt plateaux, do not seem to have received from petrologists the attention they deserve. Descriptions of particular localities and their rocks are not lacking, and the British region in particular has become classic through the investigations of Judd, Sir A. Geikie, and Dr. Harker, but hitherto no attempt has been made to survey the province as a whole, except in the most general way.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical magazine and journal of the Mineralogical Society , Volume 18 , Issue 85 , August 1918 , pp. 180 - 223
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1918

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References

page 181 note 1 Suess, E., 'The Face of the Earth,' 1909, vol. iv, chap. viiGoogle Scholar. A very comldete bibliography and several excellent maps are given in the French edition 'La Face de la Terre,' 1911, vol. iii, pt. 2, chap. xvi.

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page 182 note 1 For a geological map see Steenstrup, K. J. V., Medd. om Grönland, 1883, vol. iv Google Scholar (end of volume).

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page 184 note 1 Nieolau, T., Medd. om Grönland, 1901, vol. xxiv Google Scholar, p. 217.

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page 185 note 1 For a discussion of a similar series of amygdale minerals and their origin see Holmes, A., The Tertiary volc.anic rocks of Mozambique. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1917, vol. lxxii, p. 252Google Scholar.

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page 190 note 4 Mr. Hawkes's detailed results have not yet been published, but the following general papers are of importance :-

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page 203 note 1 A. Holmes, Geol. Mat., 1917, p. 121.

page 203 note 2 Iddings, J. P., 'Igneous Rocks,' 1913, vol. ii, p. 198Google Scholar.

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page 205 note 2 W. Cross, U.S. Geol. Survey, Prof. Paper No. 88, 1915.

page 205 note 3 H. Backlund, Los Diabases du Spitzberg oriental. Missions scientifiqucs pour la mesure d'un arc de méridien au Spitzberg, 1899-1901, Mission Russe, 1907, II, ix. B, 1.

page 205 note 4 Nordenskifld, A. E., Geol. For. i Stockholm Forh., 1874 5, vol. ii, p. 259Google Scholar. Sir Martin Conway, 'The first crossing of Spitzbergen,' London, 1897.

page 205 note 5 A. Hoel and O. Holtedahl, Los nappes de lave, los volcans, &c., de la Baie Wood. Skrifter Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiania, Math.-Naturv. Kl., 1911, No. 8 (Geol. map opp. p. 18).

V. M. Goldschmidt, Petrographische Untersuehungen, ibid., 1911, No. 9.

page 205 note 6 A. Hamberg, Uber die Basalte des Konig Karls Landes. Geol. For. i Stockhohn Forh., 1899. vol. xxi, p. 509.

A. G. Nathorst, Einiges uber die Basalte des Arktischen Gebietes. Ibid., 1892, vol. xiv, p. 69.

See also ibid.. 1901. vol. xxiii, p..341, and Bull. Geol. Inst. Univ. Upsala, 1910, vol. x, p. 316.

page 206 note * Unfortunately this improbable constituent is described as the 'difference entre la détermination colorimétrique et gravimétrique de TiO2'. Goldschmidt accepts the colorimetric estimation and adds the difference to Al2O3, which, probably, it is more likely to be than anything else.

page 209 note 1 A very similar rock occurs on Oans Island, Spitzbergen. As far as Lindström's (1867) analysis goes (for the alkalis were not determined) it is closely like the Sassendal basalt and 2.97 per cent. of TiO2 is recorded. See R. von Drasche, Tschermak's Min. Mirth., 1874, pp. 263-265. Most of the analyses, however, show a lower content of titanium dioxide.

page 209 note 2 Teall, J. J. H., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., 1897, vol. liii, p. 482 (Locality map, p. 478)Google Scholar.

page 209 note 3 Teall, J. J. H., ibid,, 1898, vol. liv, p. 646Google Scholar.

page 210 note 1 J. J. H. Teall, loc. cit., 1897, p. 485.

page 212 note 1 For a development of this criticism see A. Holmes, A mineralogical classification of igneous rocks. Geol. Mag, 1917, pp. 115-180.

page 213 note 1 Baeklund, H., Kristalline Gesteine yon der Nordkiiste Sibiriene. I. Die Diabase tier Kusjkin-InseL Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Pdtersbourg, 1910, vol. xxi, No. 6Google Scholar.

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page 214 note 1 See H. S. Washington, loc. cit., 1907.

page 215 note 1 This colour in pyroxencs is almost certainly due to titanium in the presence of soda. The alternative suggestion that it is due to manganese is negatived by chemical evidence.

page 216 note 1 See Summ. Progr. Geol. Survey, Great Britain, for 1915, 1916, pp. 26-27.

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page 218 note 4 Iddings, J. P., Bull. Phil. Soc. Washington, 1892, vol. xii Google Scholar, p. 128; 'Igneous Rocks,' 1913, vol. ii, p. 345.

page 218 note 5 H. S. Washington, Carnegie Inst. Washington, Pub. No. 57, 1906.

page 219 note 1 See A. Holmes, Geol. Mag., 1916, p. 265.

page 219 note 2 See J. W. Evans, Geol. Mug., 1916, p. 189.

page 219 note 3 A. Harker, 'Natural History of Igneous Rocks,' 1909, p. 104.

page 219 note 4 A. Harker, Pres. Add. Sect. C, Rep. Brit. Assoc. for 1911, 1912, p. 377.

page 221 note 1 W. F. Hillebrand, The analysis of silicate and carbonate racks. Bull. U.S. Geol. Survey, 1910, No. 422.

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