Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gvh9x Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T03:39:55.809Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Zoned olivines and their petrogenetic significance1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2018

S. I. Tomkeieff
S. I. Tomkeieff*
Affiliation:
King's College, University of Durham, Newcastle-on-Tyne
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The object of this paper is to demonstrate the widespread occurrence of zoned olivines in igneous rocks, to show that the zoning is continuous, that the composition varies from a magnesium-rich centre to an iron-enriched margin, and that these findings have an important bearing on the question of petrogenesis.

I propose to express the composition of olivine by stating only the percentage of fayalite, as the rock-forming olivines belong mainly to the forsterite-fayalite series. There are, however, a number of names in use for the members of this series. Assuming that the two names forsterite and fayalite are insufficient for the needs of classification, it yet seems to me that all but four of the existing names are superfluous.

Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical magazine and journal of the Mineralogical Society , Volume 25 , Issue 164 , March 1939 , pp. 229 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1939

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Read at the Cambridge meeting of the British Association, August 1938, abstract in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1938, p. 418–419.

References

Literature

1. 1870 Zirkel, (F.). Untersuchungen über die mikroskopische Zusammensetzung und Structur der Basaltgesteine. Bonn.Google Scholar
2. 1879 Hofmann, (K.). Die Basalt-Gesteine des südlichen Bakony. Geol. Mitt., Budapest, vol. 3, no. 4.Google Scholar
3. 1879 Werveke, (L. van). Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Gesteine der Insel Palma. Neues Jahrb. Min., pp. 815–831.Google Scholar
4. 1885 Doss, (B.). Die basaltischen Laven und Tuffe der Provinz Haurân und vom Dîret et-Tulûl in Syrien. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 7, pp. 461–534.Google Scholar
5. 1888 Teall, (J. J. H.). British Petrography. London.Google Scholar
6. 1896 Penfield, (S. L.) and Forbes, (E. H.). Fayalite from Rockport, Mass., and on the optical properties of the chrysolite-fayalite group and of monticellite. Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 4, Vol. 1, pp. 129–135.Google Scholar
7. 1896 Penfield, (S. L.) and Forbes, (E. H). Ueber den Fayalit von Rockport, und über die optischen Eigenschaften der Chrysolith-Fayalit-Gruppe, und des Monticellit. Zeits. Kryst. Min., Vol. 26, pp. 143–149.Google Scholar
8. 1897 Sigmund, (A.). Die Basalte der Steiermark. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 16, pp. 336–359.Google Scholar
9. 1898 Becke, (F.). Ueber Zonenstructur der Krystalle in Erstarrungsgesteinen. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 17, pp. 97–105.Google Scholar
10. 1902 Möhle, (F.). Beitrag zur Petrographic der Sandwich- und Samoa-Inseln. Neues Jahrb. Min., Beil.-Band 15, pp. 66–104.Google Scholar
11. 1903 Schultz, (W.). Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Basalte aus der Gegend von Homberg a. Efze. Neues Jahrb. Min., Beil.-Band 16, pp. 241–291.Google Scholar
12. 1904 Stark, (M.). Zusammenhang des Winkels der optischen Achsen mit dem Verhältnis von Forsterit- und Fayalit-Silikat beim Olivin. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 23, pp. 451–452.Google Scholar
13. 1904 Stark, (M.). Die Gesteine Usticas und die Beziehungen derselben zu den Gesteinen der Liparischen Inseln. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 23, pp. 469–532.Google Scholar
14. 1909 Backlund, (H.). Über die Olivingruppe. Trav. Musée Géol. Pierre le Grand, Acad. Imp. St. Pétersburg, Vol. 3, pp. 77–105.Google Scholar
15. 1912 Doelter, (C.). Handbuch der Mineralchemie. Vol. 1, p. 775.Google Scholar
16. 1913 Weich, (A.). Verhältnis von FeSiO3 und MgSiO3 der rhombischen Pyroxene in Erstarrungsgesteinen. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 32, pp. 423–447.Google Scholar
17. 1913 Michel, (H.), Zonenstruktur bei künstlichem Fayalit. Min. Petr. Mitt. (Tschermak), Vol. 32, pp. 541–542.Google Scholar
18. 1915 Backlund, (H. G.). Nepheline-basalt (onkilonite) from the Northern Polar Ocean. Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Petrograd, ser. 6, Vol. 9, part 1, pp. 289–308. [M.A. 2–396.]Google Scholar
19. 1918 Magnusson, (N. H.). Beitrag zur Kenntnis der optischen Eigenschaften der Olivingruppe. Geol. För. Förh. Stockholm, vol 40, pp. 601–626. [M.A. 1–393.]Google Scholar
20. 1920 Backlund, (H. G.). On the eastern part of the Arctic basalt plateau. Acta Acad. Aboensis, Math. Phys. I. [M.A. 1–162.]Google Scholar
21. 1921 Vogt, (J. H. L.). The physical chemistry of the crystallization and magmatic differentiation of igneous rocks III. Journ. Geol. Chicago, Vol. 29, pp. 515–539.Google Scholar
22. 1922 Eckermann, (H. von). The rocks and contact minerals of the Mansjö Mountain, Geol. För. Förh. Stockholm, Vol. 44, pp. 203–410. [M.A. 1–396.]Google Scholar
23. 1924 Stark, (M.). Olivine in Massengesteinen. Centralblatt Min., pp. 33–44. [M.A. 2–437.]Google Scholar
24. 1924 Hawkes, (L.). On an olivine-dacite in the Tertiary volcanic series of eastern Iceland: the Rauthaskritha (Hamarfjord). Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 80, pp. 549–567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. 1925 Rinkel, (F.). Über eine Gesetzmässigkeit in dem Verhältnis des Eisensilikates zum Magnesiumsilikat in dem Olivin der Eruptivgesteine. Ccntralblatt Min., Abt. A, pp. 11–17, 33–39. [M.A. 2–436.]Google Scholar
26. 1927 Smith, (W. Campbell) and Chubb, (L. J.). The petrography of the Austral or Tubuai Islands (Southern Pacific). Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 83, pp. 317–341.Google Scholar
27. 1928 Tomkeieff, (S. I.). The volcanic complex of Calton Hill (Derbyshire). Quart. Journ. Geol, Soc. London, Vol. 84, pp. 703–718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28. 1929 Esenwein, (P.). Zur Petrographic der Azoren. Zeits. Vulkanologie, Vol. 12, pp. 108–227. [M.A. 4–225.]Google Scholar
29. 1930 Ödman, (O. H.). Volcanic rocks of Mt. Elgon in British East Africa. Geol. För. Förh. Stockholm, Vol. 52, pp. 455–537. [M.A. 4–509.]Google Scholar
30. 1931 Barth, (T. F. W.). Mineralogical petrography of Pacific lavas. Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 5, Vol. 21, Part 1, Minerals, pp. 377–405, Part 2, Rocks, pp. 490–530. [M.A. 4–508.]Google Scholar
31. 1933 Winchell, (A. N.). Elements of optical mineralogy. Part II. 3rd edition.Google Scholar
32. 1933 Sobolev, (V.). Quartz-fayalite diabase-Pegmatite (Lower Tunguska). Mém. Soc, Russe Min., ser. 2, Vol. 62, pp. 493–509. [M.A. 6–22.]Google Scholar
33. 1934 Bain, (A. D. N.). The younger intrusive rocks of the Kudaru Hills, Nigeria. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 90, pp. 201–239.Google Scholar
34. 1934 Tomkeieff, (S. I.). Differentiation in basalt lava, Island Magee, Co. Antrim. Geol. Mag. London, Vol. 71, pp. 501–512. [M.A. b-221.]Google Scholar
35. 1934 Pavlovsky, (E. V.) and Tzvetkov, (A. I.). Contribution to petrography of Traps (S.W. part of Tungussky basin). Tray. Inst. Pétrogr. Acad. Sci. URSS, no. 6, pp. 293–316. [M.A. 6–425.]Google Scholar
36. 1935 Jérémine, (E.). Étude pétrographique des roches de la bordure occidentale du Lac Rudolphe et de quelques régions voisines. Musée Hist. Nat. Paris, Mission Scient. de I'Omo 1932–1933.Google Scholar
37. 1935 Bowen, (N. L.) and Schairer, (J. F.). The system of MgO—-FeO-—SiO2 . Amer. Joum. Sci., ser. 5, Vol. 29, pp, 151–217. [M.A. 6–352.]Google Scholar
38. 1935 Kuno, (H.). Petrology of Alaid volcano, north Kurile. Japanese Journ, Geol. Geogr., Vol. 12, pp. 153–162.Google Scholar
39. 1936 Kuno, (H.). Petrological notes on some pyroxene-andesites from Hakone volcano, with special reference to some types with pigeonite phenocrysts. Japanese Journ. Geol. Geogr., Vol. 13, pp. 107–140. [M.A. 6–295.]Google Scholar
40. 1936 Belousova, (T.). The traps from r. Hatanga. Trav. Inst. Pétrogr. Acad. Sci. URSS, no. 9, pp. 85–103. [M.A. 7–51.]Google Scholar
41. 1936 Ginzberg, (A. S.), Tzvetkov, (A. J.), Osipov, (M. W.), and Rudzit, (G. P.). The Tulan traps as a material for stone smelting industry. Tray. Inst. Pétrogr. Acad. Sci. URSS, nos. 7–8, pp. 263–308. [M.A. 7–51.]Google Scholar
42. 1937 Jugovics, (L.) and Marchet, (A.). Der Ságberg in Ungarn und seine Ergussgesteine. Min. Petr, Mitt. (Tschermak), vol 49, pp. 369–414.Google Scholar
43. 1938 Bowen, (N. L.) and Schairer, (J. F.). Crystallization equilibrium in nepheline-albite-silica mixtures with fayalite. Journ, Geol. Chicago, Vol. 46, pp. 397–411.Google Scholar
44. 1938 Edwards, (A. B.). The Tertiary volcanic rocks of central Victoria. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, Vol. 94, pp. 243–320.Google Scholar