Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T10:45:59.216Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wiklundite, ideally Pb2[4](Mn2+,Zn)3(Fe3+,Mn2+)2(Mn2+,Mg)19(As3+O3)2[(Si,As5+)O4]6(OH)18Cl6, a new mineral from Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden: Description and crystal structure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

Mark A. Cooper ,
Frank C. Hawthorne ,
Jörgen Langhof ,
Ulf Hålenius  and
Dan Holtstam
Mark A. Cooper
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
Frank C. Hawthorne*
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
Jörgen Langhof
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden
Ulf Hålenius
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden
Dan Holtstam
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden Swedish Research Council, Box 1035, 101 38 Stockholm, Sweden
*
*E-mail: frank_hawthorne@umanitoba.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Wiklundite, ideally Pb2[4](Mn2+,Zn)3(Fe3+,Mn2+)2(Mn2+,Mg)19(As3+O3)2[(Si,As5+)O4]6(OH)18Cl6, isa new arseno-silicate mineral from Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden. Both the mineral and the name have been approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA 2015-057). Wiklundite and a disordered wiklundite-like mineral form radiating, sheaf-like aggregates (up to 1 mm long) of thin brownish-red and slightly bent lath-shaped crystals. It occurs in a dolomite-rich skarn in association with tephroite, mimetite, turneaurite, johnbaumite, jacobsite, barite, native lead, filipstadite andparwelite. Wiklundite is reddish brown to dark brown, and the streak is pale yellowish brown. The lustre is resinous to sub-metallic, almost somewhat bronzy, and wiklundite does not fluoresce under ultraviolet light. The calculated density is 4.072 g cm–3. Wiklundite is brittle with an irregular fracture, and has perfect cleavage on {001}; no parting or twinning was observed. Wiklundite is uniaxial (–), orange red and non-pleochroic in transmitted light, but shows incomplete extinction and distorted interference figures, preventing complete determination of optical properties. Electron-microprobe analysis (H2O calculated from the structure) of wiklundite gave SiO2 11.17, Al2O3 0.06, Fe2O3 4.46, As2O5 0.75, As2O3 6.81, MnO 47.89, ZnO 0.78,CaO 0.09, PbO 14.48, Cl 6.65, H2O 5.18, O=Cl2 –1.50, total 97.11 wt.%, As valences and H2O content taken from the crystal-structure refinement, and Fe3+/(Fe2+ + Fe3+) determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Wiklundite is hexagonal-rhombohedral, space group R3c, a = 8.257(2), c = 126.59(4) Å, V = 7474(6) Å3, Z = 6. The crystal structure of wiklundite was solved by direct methods and refined to a final R1 index of 3.2%. The structure consists of a stacking of five layers of polyhedra: three layers consist of trimers of edge-sharing Mn2+-dominant octahedra linked by (SiO4) tetrahedra, (Fe3+(OH)6) dominant octahedra and (AsO3) triangular pyramids; one layerof corner-sharing (SiO4) and (Mn2+O4) tetrahedra; and one layer of (Mn2+Cl6) octahedra and (Pb2+(OH)3Cl6) polyhedra. The mineral is named after Markus Wiklund (b. 1969) and Stefan Wiklund (b. 1972), the well-known Swedish mineral collectors who jointly found the specimen containing the mineral.

Keywords

Wiklunditenew mineralarseno-silicatecrystal-structure refinementelectron-microprobe analysisLångbanSweden
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 81 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 841 - 855
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Araki, T. andMoore, P.B. (1981) Dixenite, Cu1+Mn142þFe3+(OH)6(As3+O3)5(Si4+O4)5(As5+O4): metallic [As34þCu1+] clusters in an oxide matrix. American Mineralogist, 66, 1263–1273.Google Scholar
Boström, K., Rydell, H. and Joensuu, O. (1979) Långban — An exhalative sedimentary deposit? Economic Geology, 74, 1002–1011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brese, N.E. and O'Keeffe, M. (1991) Bond-valence parameters for solids. Acta Crystallographica, B47, 192–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, I.D. (1981) The bond-valence method: an empirical approach to chemical structure and bonding. Pp. 1–30 in: Structure and Bonding in Crystals II (M. O'Keeffe and A. Navrotsky, editors). Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Brugger, J., Armbruster, T., Meisser, N, Hejny, C. and Grobety, B. (2001) Description and crystal structure of turtmannite, a new mineral with a 68 Å period related to mcgovernite. American Mineralogist, 86, 1494–1505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christy, A.G. and Gatedal, K. (2005) Extremely Pb-rich rock-forming silicates including a beryllian scapolite and associated minerals in a skarn from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. Mineralogical Magazine, 69, 995–1018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coey, J.M.D. (1984) Mössbauer spectroscopy of silicate minerals. Pp. 443–509 in: Mössbauer Spectroscopy Applied to Inorganic Chemistry (Long, G.J., editor). Plenum Press, New York and London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, M.A. and Hawthorne, F.C. (1999) The effect of differences in coordination on ordering of polyvalent cations in close-packed structures: the crystal structure of arakiiteand comparison with hematolite. The Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 1471–1482.Google Scholar
Cooper, M.A. and Hawthorne, F.C. (2001) The biggest mineral: The crystal structure of mcgovernite. Eleventh Annual V.M.Goldschmidt Conference, abstract #3446.Google Scholar
Cooper, M.A. and Hawthorne, F.C. (2012) The crystal structure of kraisslite, [4]Zn3(Mn,Mg)25(Fe3+,Al)(As3+O3)2[(Si,As5+)O4]10(OH)16, from the Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA. Mineralogical Magazine, 76, 2819–2836.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flink, G. (1920) Trigonite and dixenite, two new minerals from the Långbanshytte mines. Geologiska föreningens i Stockholm förhandlingar, 42, 436–452 [in Swedish].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grew, E.S., Yates, M.G., Belakovskiy, D.I., Rouse, R.C., Su, S.C. and Marquez, N. (1994) Hyalotekite from reedmergnerite-bearing peralkaline pegmatite, Dara-i-Pioz, Tajikistan and from Mn skarn, Långban, Värmland, Sweden: A new look at an old mineral. Mineralogical Magazine, 58, 285–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawthorne, F.C. (2015) Generating functions for stoichi-ometry and structure of single-and double-layer sheet-silicates. Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1675–1709.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawthorne, F.C. and Della Ventura, G. (2007) Short-range order in amphiboles. Pp. 173–222 in: Amphiboles: Crystal Chemistry, Occurrence and Health Issues (F.C. Hawthorne, R. Oberti, G. Della Ventura and A. Mottana, editors.) Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 67. Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Washington D.C.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawthorne, F.C, Ungaretti, L. and Oberti, R. (1995) Site populations in minerals: terminology and presentation of results of crystal-structure refinement. The Canadian Mineralogist, 33, 907–911.Google Scholar
Hawthorne, EC, Abdu, Y.A., Ball, N.A. and Pinch, W.W. (2013) Carlfrancisite:Mn32þ(Mn2+,Mg,Fe3+,Al)42[As3+O3]2(As5+O4)4[(Si,As5+)O4]6[(As5+,Si) O4]2(OH)42, a new arseno-silicate mineral from the Kombatmine, OtaviValley, Namibia.. American Mineralogist, 98, 1693–1696.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holtstam, D. and Langhof, J. (1999) Långban. The Mines, their Minerals, Geology and Explorers. Swedish Museum ofNatural History & Raster Förlag, Stockholm, 215 pp.Google Scholar
Holtstam, D. and Mansfeld, J., (2001) Originof a carbonate-hosted Fe-Mn-(Ba-As-Pb-Sb-W) deposit of Långban-typeinCentralSweden.. Mineralium Deposita, 36, 641–657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jernberg, P. and Sundqvist, T (1983) A Versatile Mössbauer Analysis Program. Uppsala University, Institute of Physics, UUIP-1090.Google Scholar
Magnusson, N.H. (1930)TheLångbanoredistrict. Sveriges GeologiskaUndersökning,Serie Ca, 23, 1–111. [in Swedish].Google Scholar
Moore, P.B. and Ito, I (1978) Kraisslite, a new platy arseno silicatefromSterling Hill,New Jersey. American Mineralogist, 63, 938–940.Google Scholar
Palache, C. and Bauer, L.H. (1927) Mcgovernite, a new mineral from Sterling Hill, New Jersey. American Mineralogist, 12, 373–374.Google Scholar
Pouchou, J.L. andPichoir, E (1985) ‘PAP’ j(ρZ) procedure for improved quantitative microanalysis. Pp. 104–106 in: Microbeam Analysis (J.T Armstrong, editor).SanFranciscoPress,SanFrancisco, California, USA.Google Scholar
Roberts, A.C., Grice, J.D., Cooper, M.A., Hawthorne, F.C. and Feinglos, M.N. (2000) Arakiite, a new Zn-bearing hematolite-like mineralfrom Långban,Värmland, Sweden. The Mineralogical Record, 31, 253–256.Google Scholar
Shannon, R.D. (1976) Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallographica, A32, 751–767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheldrick, G.M. (2008) A short history of SHELX. Acta Crystallographica, A64, 112–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wuensch, B.J. (1960) The crystallography of mcgover-nite, a complex arseno silicate. American Mineralogist, 45, 937–945.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Cooper et al. supplementary material

CIF

Download Cooper et al. supplementary material(File)
File 26.8 KB
Supplementary material: File

Cooper et al. supplementary material

Structure file

Download Cooper et al. supplementary material(File)
File 77.1 KB