Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-jwnkl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T02:49:10.309Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Polymer Surface Dynamics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2013

Steve Granick
Get access

Extract

A major surge of activity is underway to understand the dynamics of polymer chains at interfaces. This stands in contrast to the situation a generation ago when much of polymer-materials research revolved around understanding dynamics in the bulk (isotropic) state. Building in part on earlier studies that had been somewhat neglected, striking new findings have been obtained. The new methods and equipment include surface-specific spectroscopies; advanced, in situ time-resolved methods to determine surface structure and composition; and the surface-forces apparatus for measuring adhesion and interfacial rheology. Also, older methods (such as contact angle) have been revitalizated and applied to new problems. Theoretical calculations and molecular-dynamics simulations are also emerging.

Appreciation is growing that scientific understanding is possible of these systems that are so complex and, often, so far from equilibrium. Polymer surfaces are becoming recognized as an area with many opportunities to do exciting and useful surface science, particularly regarding kinetics, diffusion, surface chemistry, and other rate-dependent processes.

The engineering significance is that while polymers and plastics-based applications are rooted in our economic life, too often the technologies and formulations are empirically derived. One tends to take plastics and their communication with adjoining materials for granted. A molecular understanding is needed so that better design can emerge by rational extension.

During the course of these new activities, the community of polymer science has rubbed shoulders with and has thereby become increasingly integrated with other disciplines-colloid science, surface science, biomedical science, and microelectronics, to cite a few examples. When dealing with interfaces, one's parochial materials interests quickly become generalized.

Type
Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , January 1996 , pp. 33 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Silberberg, A., Far. Disc. Chem. Soc. 59 (1975) p. 203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Pefferkorn, E., Carroy, A., and Varoqui, R., J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed. 23 (1985) p. 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Shallamach, A., Wear 6 (1963) p. 375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Goldstein, S., ed., Modern Developments in Fluid Dynamics, vol. II (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1938) p. 676.Google Scholar
5.Denn, M., Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 22 (1990) p. 13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Brochard-Wyart, F. and de Gennes, P-G., Langmuir 8 (1992) p. 3033 and references therein.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Wang, S.Q. and Inn, Y.W., Polym. Int. 37 (1995) p. 153 and references therein.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Migler, K.B., Hervet, H., and Léger, L., Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) p. 287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Johnson, K.L. and Tevaarwerk, J.L., Proc. Roy. Soc. A 356 (1977) p. 215.Google Scholar
10.Bair, S., Qureshi, F., Winer, W.O., J. Tribology 115 (1993) p. 507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Thompson, P. and Robbins, M., Phys. World (November 1990) p. 35.Google Scholar
12.Adrian, D.W. and Giacomin, A.J., J. Rheol. 36 (1992) p. 1227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Demirel, A.L. and Granick, S., “Friction Fluctuations” (unpublished manuscript).Google Scholar
14.Silberzan, P. and Léger, L., Macromolecules 25 (1992) p. 1267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Van Alsten, J. and Granick, S., Macromolecules 23 (1990) p. 4856.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Homola, A.M., Nguyen, H.V., and Hadziioannou, G., J. Chem. Phys. 94 (1991) p. 2346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Georges, J.M., Millot, S., Loubet, J.L., and Tonck, A., J. Chem. Phys. 98 (1993) p. 7345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Pelletier, E., Montfort, J.P., and Lapique, F., J. Rheol. 38 (1994) p. 1151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Kremer, K., J. Phys. (France) 47 (1986) p. 1269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.de Gennes, P-G., private communication.Google Scholar
21.Chakraborty, A., Shaffer, J.S., and Adriani, P.M., Macromolecules 24 (1991) p. 5226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Johnson, H.E. and Granick, S., Science 255 (1992) p. 966.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Johnson, H.E., Douglas, J.F., and Granick, S., Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) p. 3267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Douglas, J.F., Johnson, H.E., and Granick, S., Science 262 (1993) p. 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Frantz, P. and Granick, S., Macromolecules 27 (1994) p. 2553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Schneider, H.M., Granick, S., and Smith, S., Macromolecules 27 (1994) p. 4714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Wallace, W.E., van Zanten, J.H., and Wu, W.L., “Influence on An Impenetrable Interface on Polymer Glass Transition Temperature” (unpublished manuscript).Google Scholar
28.Orts, W.J., van Zanten, J.H., Wu, W-L., and Satija, S.K., Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 (1993) p. 867.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Keddie, J.L., Jones, R.A.L., Cory, R.A., Europhys. Lett. 17 (1994) p. 59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Reiter, G., Macromolecules 27 (1994) p. 3046.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31.Fleer, G.J., Stuart, M.A. Cohen, Scheutjens, J.M.H.M., Cosgrove, T., and Vincent, B., Polymers at Interfaces (Chapman and Hall, 1993).Google Scholar
32.Schneider, H.M., Frantz, P., and Granick, S., “The Bimodal Energy Landscape When Polymers Adsorb” (unpublished manuscript).Google Scholar
33.Evans, J.W., Rev. Mod. Phys. 65 (1993) p. 1281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34.Granick, S. and Hu, H-W., Langmuir 10 (1994) p. 3857.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35.Hu, H-W. and Granick, S., Science 258 (1992) p. 1339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
36.Granick, S., Hu, H-W., and Carson, G.A., Langmuir 10 (1994) p. 3867.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
37.Klein, J., Kumacheva, E., Mahalu, D., Perahia, D., and Fetters, L.J., Nature 370 (1994) p. 634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
38.Cai, L. and Granick, S., “Shear Relaxations of Confined Polymer Brushes” (unpublished manuscript).Google Scholar