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Revelations Beneath the Surface: Paper and Fiber Microscopy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2013

Debora D. Mayer
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Extract

Paper is one of the most common supports for printed, painted, written, and drawn images. It is composed of fibers and other ingredients intertwined into a compact web, usually in the form of a thin sheet. Making paper involves combining fibers and fillers into a pulp slurry, depositing the suspension on a screen or roll, draining the water, and drying the pulp. Since the invention of paper about 2,000 years ago, the basic papermaking processes have gone unchanged, though hand papermaking has given way to a series of mechanical operations capable of manufacturing a continuous sheet of paper at phenomenal speeds. The selection of the fiber material and the method of treating the pulp during manufacture influence the qualities of the formed sheet of paper.

Type
The Science of Art
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 21 , Issue 12 , December 1996 , pp. 32 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1996

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References

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9. The percentages of fibers present were calculated using an adaptation of the standard counting procedure outlined in TAPPI T401 os-74 Fiber Analysis of Paper and Paperboard. Instead of scanning the microscope slide, the different fibers were counted at eight discrete locations on the microscope slide. Standard weight factors were used. TAPPI T40I os-74 Fiber Analysis of Paper and Paperboard, section 10 weight factors and appendix c.Google Scholar