Microwave energy is commonly considered as a fast and efficient source of energy for heating materials. This perception can be easily verified by the proliferation of microwave ovens in household kitchens and the emerging usage of the technology in the food industry. From the standpoint of material science, coupling of microwave energy into materials during processing can be more than just shortening the heat-up time in conventional thermal treatment; this energy source can provide an additional degree of control over the properties developed during processing.