The adhesion of conidia of Drechmeria coniospora to the nematode Panagrellus redivivus was reduced after treatment of the conidia with Pronase E, or the detergents sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) suggesting involvement of proteinaceous compounds in the adhesion process. In the TEM the thick extracellular pad covering the adhesive bud of the conidia was completely removed after treatment with Pronase E. After treatment with SDS or DTAB the proteinaceous compounds appeared to be dissolved leaving mainly carbohydrates in the pad as observed on OsO4 without and OsO4 with Ruthenium red-stained material, respectively. The detergent extracts after SDS and DTAB treatments contained nine and seven peptides, respectively, with molecular masses in the range from 6 to 80 kDa on SDS-PAGE gels, and five biotinylated peptides were found in each extract, after blotting to nitrocellulose membranes, indicating that these were surface proteins. None of the detergent extracts was able to reduce adhesion of the conidia after treatment of the nematodes. The detergent extracts contained protease- and phosphatase activity. The protease inhibitor, chymostatin, inhibited infection of nematodes and growth of the conidia, suggesting the involvement of chymotrypsin-like proteases in the infection process. On gelatin-containing substrate gel electrophoresis two proteases were clearly chymostatin sensitive.