Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wzw2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-01T17:47:42.142Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Low-Skilled Employment in a New Immigration Regime: Challenges and Opportunities for Business Transitions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2020

Anne Green*
Affiliation:
City-REDI, University of Birmingham

Abstract

In an era of free movement UK employers have had ready access to a supply of labour from the European Union to fill low-skilled jobs. This has enabled them to adopt business models, operating within broader supply chains, that take advantage of this source of labour and the flexibility that many migrant workers – especially those who are new arrivals to the UK – are prepared to offer them. Drawing mainly on evidence from employers on the role of migrant workers in selected sectors with a substantial proportion of low-skilled jobs, this article explores the challenges and opportunities they face in transitioning to a new post-Brexit immigration regime.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2019 National Institute of Economic and Social Research

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

This article draws on research undertaken with IFF Research commissioned by the Construction Industry Training Board and also research for the Migration Advisory Committee undertaken with Gaby Atfield, Teresa Staniewicz, Duncan Adam and Beate Baldauf.

References

Anderson, A., Ruhs, R., Rogaly, R. and Spencer, S. (2006), Fair Enough? Central and East European Migrants in Low-wage Employment in the UK, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.Google Scholar
Atfield, A., Green, G.E., Purcell, P., Staniewicz, S. and Owen, O. (2011), ‘The impact of student and migrant employment on opportunities for low skilled people’, UKCES Evidence Report 32, Wath-upon-Dearne and London.Google Scholar
Atkinson, A. (1984), ‘Flexibility, Uncertainty and Manpower Management’, IMS Report 89, Brighton: Institute of Manpower Studies.Google Scholar
Clarke, C. and Cominetti, C. (2019), Setting the Record Straight: How Record Employment has Changed the UK, London: Resolution Foundation.Google Scholar
Constardine, C. (2018), Labour's Immigration Policy: the Making of the Migration State, Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danson, D. and Gilmore, G. (2009), ‘Evidence on employer attitudes and EQUAL opportunities for the disadvantaged in a flexible and open economy’, Environment and Planning C, 27(6), pp. 9911007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, D., Veliziotis, V. and Hopkins, H. (2018), ‘Understanding the perception of the migrant work ethic’, Work, Employment and Society, 32(5), pp. 811–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dench, D., Hurstfield, H., Hill, H. and Akroyd, A. (2006), Employers' Use of Migrant Labour, Home Office Online Report 04/06.Google Scholar
Goos, G. and Manning, M. (2007), ‘Lousy and lovely jobs: the rising polarization of work in Britain’, Review of Economics and Statistics, 89(1), pp. 118–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, G., Atfield, A., Adam, A. and Staniewicz, S. (2013), Determinants of the Composition of the Workforce in Low Skilled Sectors of the UK Economy: Lot 2: Qualitative Research, Report commissioned by the Migration Advisory Committee.Google Scholar
Green, G., Atfield, A. and Purcell, P. (2016), ‘Fuelling displacement and labour market segmentation in low-skilled jobs? Insights from a local study of migrant and student employment’, Environment and Planning A, 48(3), pp. 577–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, G., Atfield, A., Staniewicz, S., Baldauf, B. and Adam, A. (2014), Determinants of the Composition of the Workforce in Low Skilled Sectors of the UK Economy: Social Care and Retail Sectors, Report commissioned by the Migration Advisory Committee.Google Scholar
Green, G., Sissons, S., Qamar, Q. and Broughton, B. (2018), Raising Productivity in Low-wage Sectors and Reducing Poverty, London: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.Google Scholar
Hansen, H. (2000), Citizenship and Immigration in Post-war Britain, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Home Office (2006), ‘A points-based system: making migration work for Britain’, Cm 6741, TSO, Norwich.Google Scholar
House of Lords Select Committee on Economic Affairs (2008), ‘The Economic Impact of Immigration’, HL Paper 82-I, London: The Stationery Officen.Google Scholar
Keep, K. and James, J. (2010), ‘Recruitment and selection – the great neglected topic’, SKOPE Research Paper 88, Universities of Cardiff and Oxford.Google Scholar
MacKenzie, M. and Forde, F. (2009), ‘The rhetoric of the “good worker” versus realities of employers' use and the experiences of migrant workers’, Work, Employment and Society, 23(1), pp. 142–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCollum, M. and Findlay, F. (2011), ‘Employer and labour provider perspectives on Eastern European migration to the UK’, Centre for Population Change Working Paper 14, ESRC.Google Scholar
McCollum, M. and Findlay, F. (2015), ‘Flexible workers for flexible jobs? The labour market function of A8 migrant labour in the UK’, Work, Employment and Society, 29(3), pp. 427–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metcalf, M., Rolfe, R. and Dhudwar, D. (2009), Employment of Migrant Workers: Case Studies of Selected Employers in Wales and Scotland, Report to the Scottish Government and Welsh Government. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.216.9886&rep=rep1&type=pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Migration Advisory Committee (2014), Migrants in Low-skilled Work, London: Migration Advisory Committee, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/333083/MAC-Migrants_in_low-skilled_work__Full_report_2014.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Migration Advisory Committee (2018), EEA-workers in the UK Labour Market: Interim Update, London, Migration Advisory Committee, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/694494/eea-workers-uk-labour-market-interim-update.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Newton, N., Hurstfield, H., Miller, M., Page, P. and Akroyd, A. (2005) What Employers Look for when Recruiting the Unemployed and Inactive: Skills, Characteristics and Qualifications, Department for Work and Pensions Research Report 295, Leeds: Corporate Document Servicess.Google Scholar
Pennycook, P., Cory, C. and Alakeson, A. (2013), A Matter of Time: The rise of zero-hours contracts, London: Resolution Foundation.Google Scholar
Portes, P. and Forte, F. (2017), ‘The economic impact of Brexit-induced reductions in migration’, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 33(1), pp. 3144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rolfe, R. (2017), ‘It's all about the flex: preference, flexibility and power in the employment of EU migrants in low-skilled sectors’, Social Policy and Society, 16(4), pp. 623–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubery, R., Keizer, K. and Grimshaw, G. (2016), ‘Flexibility bites back: the multiple and hidden costs of flexible employment policies’, Human Resource Management Journal, 26(3), pp. 235–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruhs, R. and Anderson, A. (2010), Who Needs Migrant Workers: Labour Shortages, Immigration and Public Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, S. (2013), ‘Migrant–local hiring queues in the UK food industry’, Population, Space and Place, 19(5), pp. 459–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, S. (2017), ‘Venues and filters in managed migration policy: the case of the United Kingdom’, International Migration Review 51(2), 375415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shury, S., Vivian, V., Kik, K., Skone, S.A., Tweddle, T., Wrathall, W. and Morrice, M. (2017), Employer Perspectives Survey 2016, Department for Education, https://assets.publishing.servicegov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/622343/EPS_2016_UK_Report.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Tannock, T. (2015), ‘Bad attitude? Migrant workers, meat processing work and the local unemployed in a peripheral region of the UK’, European Urban and Regional Studies, 22(4), pp. 416–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, T., Marsh, M., Nicol, N. and Broadbent, B. (2017), Good Work: The Taylor Review of Modern Working Practices, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/627671/good-work-taylor-review-modern-working-practices-rg.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Thompson, T., Newsome, N. and Commander, C. (2013), ‘Good when they want to be: migrant workers in the supermarket supply chain’, Human Resurce Management Journal, 23, 2, pp. 129–43.Google Scholar
Waldinger, W. and Lichter, L. (2003), How the Other Half Works: Immigration and the Social Organization of Labor, Berkeley CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, W., Sofroniou, S., Beaven, B., May-Gillings, G., Perkins, P., Lee, L., Glover, G., Limmer, L., Leach, L. (2016), ‘Working Futures 2014–2024’, Evidence Report 100, Wath-upon-Dearne and London: UKCES.Google Scholar
Winterbotham, W., Kik, K., O'Driscoll, D., Selner, S., Morrice, M., Green, G., Kispeter, K., Owen, O. and Evans, E. (2017), Migration and Construction: The View from Employers, Recruiters and Non-UK Workers, Construction Industry Training Board, https://www.citb.co.uk/global/research/citb%20migration%20research%20full%20report.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Winterbotham, W., O'Driscoll, D., Morrice, M., Green, G., Harris, H., Owen, O. and Evans, E. (2018a), Migration and Construction: The View from Employers, Recruiters and Non-UK Workers in 2018, Construction Industry Training Board, https://www.citb.co.uk/documents/research/citb_migration_full_report_july_2018.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar
Winterbotham, W., Vivian, V., Kik, K., Huntley, Hewitt H., Tweddle, T., Downing, D., Thomson, T., Morrice, M. and Stroud, S. (2018b), Employer Skills Survey 2017, London: DfE, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/746493/ESS_2017_UK_Report_Controlled_v06.00.pdf (accessed 16 February 2018).Google Scholar