Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-s9k8s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-11T12:26:12.989Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Introduction to the special section: minority politics and the territoriality principle in Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Magdalena Dembinska ,
László Máracz  and
Márton Tonk
Magdalena Dembinska
Affiliation:
Political Science, University of Montreal Montreal, Canada
László Máracz*
Affiliation:
European Studies, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Márton Tonk
Affiliation:
International Relations and European Studies, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
*
*Corresponding author. Email: magdalena.dembinska@umontreal.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Territorial arrangements for managing interethnic relations within states are far from consensual. Although self-governance for minorities is commonly advocated, international documents are ambiguously formulated. Conflicting pairs of principles, territoriality vs. personality, and self-determination vs. territorial integrity, along with diverging state interests account for this gap. Together, the articles in this special section address the territoriality principle and its hardly operative practice on the ground, with particular attention to European cases. An additional theme reveals itself in the articles: the ambiguity of minority recognition politics. This introductory article briefly presents these two common themes, followed by an outline of three recent proposals discussed especially in Eastern Europe that seek to bypass the controversial territorial autonomy model: cultural rights in municipalities with a “substantial” proportion of minority members; the cultural autonomy model; and European regionalism and multi-level governance.

Keywords

European minority regimesterritoriality vs. personality principlethreshold ruleterritorial and cultural autonomiesEuropean regions and multi-level governance
Type
Research Article
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 42 , Issue 3 , May 2014 , pp. 355 - 375
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arel, Dominique. 2001 Recreating Majorities: The Use of Nationality and Language in the First Post-Soviet Censuses. Washington, DC: The National Council for Eurasian and East European Research (NCEEER). www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/2001-815-01 g-Arel.pdf Google Scholar
Bárdi, , Nándor, , Csilla Fedinec, and László Szarka, , eds. 2011. Minority Hungarian Communities in the Twentieth Century. East European Monographs. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Bort, Eberhard. 2005. “European Borders in Transition: The Internal and External Frontiers of the European Union.” In Holding the Line: Borders in a Global World, edited by Heather Nicol and Ian Townsend-Gauly, 63–89. Vancouver: UBC Press.Google Scholar
Bottoni, , Stefano, and Csaba Zoltán Novák, . 2011. “Case Studies. Romania.” In Minority Hungarian Communities in the Twentieth Century. East European Monographs, edited by Nándor Bárdi, Csilla Fedinec, and László Szarka, 397–403. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language & Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Brubaker, Rogers. 1996a. Nationalism Reframed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Brubaker, Rogers. 1996b. “Nationalising States in the Old ‘New Europe’ – and the New.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 19 (2): 411–437.Google Scholar
Brubaker, Rogers, Margit, Feischmidt, Jon, Fox and Grancea, Liana. 2006. Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bruszt, László. 2008. “Multi-level Governance – The Eastern Versions: Emerging Patterns of Regional Developmental Governance in the New Member States.” Regional and Federal Studies 18 (5): 607–627.Google Scholar
Burg, Steven L., 1996. War or Peace? New York: New York University Press Google Scholar
Cornell, Svante E., 2002. “Autonomy as a Source of Conflict. Caucasian Conflicts in Theoretical Perspective.” World Politics 54 (2): 245–276.Google Scholar
Csergő, Zsuzsa. 2007. Talk of the Nation. Language and Conflict in Romania and Slovakia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Csergő, Zsuzsa and Deegan-Krause, Kevin. 2011. “Liberalism and Cultural Claims in Central and Europe: Toward a Pluralist Balance.” Nations and Nationalism 17 (1): 85–107.Google Scholar
Daoust, Denise and Maurais, Jacques. 1987. “L'aménagement linguistique.” In Politique et aménagement linguisque, edited by Jacques Maurais, 5–46. Québec: Conseil de la langue française.Google Scholar
Dave, Bhavna. 2004. “Entitlement Through Numbers: Nationality and Language Categories in the First Post-Soviet Census of Kazakhstan.” Nations and Nationalism 10 (4): 439–459.Google Scholar
Deets, Stephen and Stroschein, Sherrill. 2005. “Dilemmas of Autonomy and Liberal Pluralism: Examples Involving Hungarians in Central Europe.” Nations and Nationalism 11 (2): 285–305.Google Scholar
Donatella, Della Porta and Tarrow, Sidney, eds. 2005. Transnational Protest and Global Activism. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Dembinska, Magdalena. 2008. “Adapting to the Changing Contexts of Choice: The Nation-Building Strategies of Unrecognized Silesians and Rusyns.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 41 (4): 915–934.Google Scholar
Dembinska, Magdalena. 2012a. “(Re)framing Identity Claims: European and State Institutions as Opportunity Windows for Group Reinforcement.” Nations and Nationalism 18 (3): 417–438.Google Scholar
Dembinska, Magdalena. 2012b. Vivre ensemble dans la diversité culturelle. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes.Google Scholar
Dorff, Robert H., 1994. “Federalism in Eastern Europe: Part of the Solution or Part of the Problem?” Publius: The Journal of Federalism 24 (2): 99–114.Google Scholar
Dowding, Keith. 1995. “Model or Metaphor? A Critical Review of the Policy Network Approach.” Political Studies 43 (1): 136–158.Google Scholar
Gal, Susan. 2009. “Language and Political Space.” In Language and Space. An International Handbook of Linguistic Variation. Vol 1: Theories and Methods, edited by Peter Auer and Jürgen Erich Schmidt, 33–50. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Gregg, Benjamin. 2003. Coping in Politics with Indeterminate Norms. New York: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Henrard, Kristin. 2001. “The Interrelationship Between Individual Human Rights, Minority Rights and the Right to Self-Determination and Its Importance for the Adequate Protection of Linguistic Minorities.” The Global Review of Ethnopolitics 1 (1): 41–61.Google Scholar
Hooghe, Liesbet and Marks, Gary. 2001. Multi-level Governance and European Integration. Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Jackson Preece, Jennifer. 1997a. “Minority Rights in Europe: From Westphalia to Helsinki.” Review of International Studies 23 (1): 75–92.Google Scholar
Jackson Preece, Jennifer. 1997b. “National Minority Rights vs. State Sovereignty in Europe: Changing Norms in International Relations?” Nations and Nationalism 3 (3): 345–364.Google Scholar
Jenne, Erin K., 2007. Ethnic Bargaining: The Paradox of Minority Empowerment. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kántor, Zoltán, Balázs, Majtényi, Osamu, Ieda, Vizi, Balázs and Halász, Ivan, eds. 2004. The Hungarian Status Law: Nation Building and/or Minority Protection. Sapporo: Hokkaido University.Google Scholar
Kaufman, Stewart J., 2001. Modern Hatreds. The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Keating, Michael. 2004. “European Integration and Nationalities Question.” Politics and Society 32 (3): 367–388.Google Scholar
Keck, Margaret E. and Sikkink, Kathryn. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders: Activist Networks in International Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kitschelt, Herbert P., 1986. “Political Opportunity Structures and Political Protest: Anti-nuclear Movements in Four Democracies.” British Journal of Political Science 16 (1): 57–85.Google Scholar
Kovács, Mária M., 2003. “Standards of Self-determination and Standards of Minority-Rights in the Post-communist Era.” Nations and Nationalism 9 (3): 433–450.Google Scholar
Kovács, Mária M. and Tóth, Judit. 2009. “Kin-State Responsibility and Ethnic Citizenship: The Hungarian Case.” In Acquisition and Loss of Nationality, edited by Rainer Baubock, Bernard Perchnig, and Wiebke Sievers, 151–176. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.Google Scholar
Kraus, Peter. 2012. “The Politics of Complex Diversity: A European Perspective.” Etnicities 12 (1): 3–25.Google Scholar
Kuzio, Taras. 2001. “'Nationalizing States’ or Nation-Building? A Critical Review of the Theoretical Literature and Empirical Evidence.” Nations and Nationalism 7 (2): 135–154.Google Scholar
Kymlicka, Will. 2008. “The Internationalization of Minority Rights.” International Journal of Constitutional Law 6 (1): 1–32.Google Scholar
Kymlicka, Willand Opalski, Magda, eds. 2001. Can Liberal Pluralism Be Exported? Western Political Theory and Ethnic Relations in Eastern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lapidoth, Ruth. 1997. Autonomy. Flexible Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts. Washington, DC: US Institute of Peace Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arendt. 1977. Democracy in Plural Societies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Linder, Wolf. 2010. Swiss Democracy. Possible Solutions to Conflict in Multicultural Societies. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Marácz, László. 2011. “Language Policies in Central and East European States with Hungarian Minorities: Implications for Linguistic Rights Protection of National Minorities in the EU.” In Minority Politics Within the Europe of Regions, edited by István Horváth and Márton Tonk, 155–183. Cluj-Napoca: Scientia Publishing House.Google Scholar
Marácz, László and Rosello, Mireille, eds. 2012. Multilingual Europe, Multilingual Europeans. European Studies 29. Amsterdam: Rodopi.Google Scholar
Markusse, Jan. 2004. “Transborder Regional Alliances in Europe: Chances for Ethnic Euroregions?” Geopolitics 9 (3): 649–673.Google Scholar
McGarry, John and Keating, Michael, eds. 2006. European Integration and the Nationalities Question. Abingdon/New York: Routledge/Taylor and Francis.Google Scholar
McGarry, John, O'Leary, Brendan and Simeon, Richard. 2008. “Integration or Accommodation? The Enduring Debate in Conflict Regulation.” In Constitutional Design for Divided Societies: Integration or Accommodation?, edited by Sujit Choudhry, 41–90. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McRae, Kenneth. 2007. “Toward Language Equality: Four Democracies Compared.” International Journal of Sociology and Language 2007 (187–188): 13–34.Google Scholar
Moore, Carolyn. 2008. “A Europe of the Regions vs. the Regions in Europe.” Regional and Federal Studies 18 (5): 517–535.Google Scholar
Motyl, Alexander J., ed. 1995. Thinking Theoretically about Soviet Nationalities. History and Comparison in the Study of the USSR. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Mungiu-Pippidi, Alina and Krastev, Ivan, eds. 2004. Nationalism After Communism: Lessons Learned. Budapest: Central European University Press.Google Scholar
Nelde, Peter H., Normand, Labrie and Williams, Colin H. 1992. “The Principles of Territoriality and Personality in the Solution of Linguistic Conflicts.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 13 (5): 387–406.Google Scholar
Nikolova, Pavlina. 2008. “Régionalisation et politique régionale en Bulgarie.” Revue d'études comparatives Est-Ouest 39 (3): 85–111.Google Scholar
Nimni, Ephraim. 2007. “National-Cultural Autonomy as an Alternative to Minority Territorial Nationalism.” Ethnopolitics 6 (3): 345–364.Google Scholar
Ozolins, Uldis. 2003. “The Impact of European Accession upon Language Policy in the Baltic States.” Language Policy 2 (3): 217–238.Google Scholar
Palermo, Francesco. 2009. “When the Lund Recommendations Are Ignored – Effective Participation of National Minorities Through Territorial Autonomy.” International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 16: 653–663.Google Scholar
Pappi, Franz Urban and Henning, Christan H.C.A. 1998. “Policy Networks: More than a Metaphor?” Journal of Theoretical Politics 10 (4): 553–75.Google Scholar
Parekh, Birkhu. 2004. “Redistribution or Recognition? A Misguided Debate.” In Ethnicity, Nationalism and Minority Rights, edited by Stephen May, Tariq Mohood, and Judith Squires, 199–213. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pasquier, Romain and Perron, Catherine. 2008. “Régionalisations et régionalismes dans une Europe élargie: les enjeux d'une comparaison Est-Ouest.” Revue d'études comparatives Est-Ouest 39 (3): 5–18.Google Scholar
Paulston, Christina Bratt. 1997. “Language Policies and Language Rights.” Annual Review of Anthropology 26: 73–85.Google Scholar
Péntek, János. 2006. “Magyar nyelv, magyar nyelvhasználat Kolozsváron.” In Nyelvi közösségek – nyelvi jogok, edited by Attila Benő and Sándor N. Szilágyi, A Szabó T. Attila Nyelvi Intézet kiadványai 3, 267–273. Kolozsvár: Anyanyelvápolók Erdélyi Szövetsége Kiadó.Google Scholar
Petersen, Roger D., 2002. Understanding Ethnic Violence. Fear, Hatred and Resentment in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pettai, Vello. 2001. “Definitions and Discourse: Applying Kymlicka's Models to Estonia and Latvia.” In Can Liberal Pluralism Be Exported? Western Political Theory and Ethnic Relations in Eastern Europe, edited by Will Kymlicka and Magda Opalski, 259–269. Oxford: Oxford University Press (Chapter 11).Google Scholar
Posen, Barry P., 1993. “The Security Dilemma and Ethnic Conflict.” Survival 35 (1): 27–47.Google Scholar
Quermonne, Jean-Louis. 2006. Les régimes politiques occidentaux. 5th ed. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.Google Scholar
Rácz, Kristina. 2012. “By the Rivers of Babylon: Multiculturalism In Vivo in Vojvodina/Vajdaság.” Jezikoslovlje 13 (2): 585–599.Google Scholar
Sarnyai, Csaba Máté and Pap, Tibor. 2011. “Personal Autonomy and/or National Councils in Vojvodina.” In Minority Politics Within the Europe of Regions, edited by István Horváth and Márton Tonk, 251–276. Cluj-Napoca: Scientia Publishing House.Google Scholar
Sarnyai, , Csaba Máté and Pap, Tibor. 2012. “The Analysis of the Education Strategy of the National Council of the Hungarian Ethnic Minority in Vojvodina.” Jezikoslovlje 13 (2): 601–623.Google Scholar
Skovgaard, Jakob. 2007. “Towards a European Norm? The Framing of the Hungarian Minorities in Romania and Slovakia by the Council of Europe, the EU and the OCSE.” EUI Working Papers SPS No. 2007/07. Badia Fiesolana: European University Institute.Google Scholar
Smith, Anthony D., 1991. National Identity. London: Penguin.Google Scholar
Smith, David J., 2002. “Framing the National Question in Central and Eastern Europe: A Quadratic Nexus?” The Global Review of Ethnopolitics 2 (1): 3–16.Google Scholar
Snyder, John. 2000. “Managing Ethnopolitics in Eastern Europe.” In The Politics of National Minority Participation in Post-communist Europe, edited by Johnathan Stein, 169–186. New York: East-West Institute.Google Scholar
Stivell, Alan. 2003. “Besoins et enjeux de la reconnaissance.” In Identité et démocratie. Diversité culturelle et mondialisation: repenser la démocratie, edited by Ronan Le Coadic, 195–204. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes.Google Scholar
Stroschein, Sherrill. 2008. “Making or Breaking Kosovo: Applications of Dispersed State Control.” Perspectives on Politics 6 (4): 655–673.Google Scholar
Tamir, Yael. 2003. “Identités et théories démocratiques.” In Identité et démocratie. Diversité culturelle et mondialisation: repenser la démocratie, edited by Ronan Le Coadic, 223–229. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles. 2003. “The Politics of Recognition.” In Race and Ethnicity. Comparative and Theoretical Approaches, edited by John Stone and Rutledge Dennis, 373–381. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Tesser, Lynn M., 2003. “The Geopolitics of Tolerance: Minority Rights under EU Expansion in East-Central Europe.” East European Politics and Societies 17 (3): 483–532.Google Scholar
Thatcher, Mark. 1998. “The Development of Policy Network Analyses.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 10 (4): 389–416.Google Scholar
Toft, Monica Duffy. 2003. The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Tóth, Judit. 2004. “Kin Minority, Kin-State and Neighbourhood Policy in the Enlarged Europe.” Central European Political Science Review, no. 17: 14–25.Google Scholar
Trifunovska, Snezana. 2001. “Protection of Linguistic Rights Within the Council of Europe.” In Minority Rights in Europe: European Minorities and Languages, edited by Snezana Trifunovska, 145–158. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press.Google Scholar
Uhlmann, Björn. 2011. “Minorities Self-determination in Contemporary Switzerland – An Assessment.” Paper presented in the session Minority Politics within the Europe of Regions (panel 313) at the ECPR general conference, Reykjavik, Iceland, August 27, 2011.Google Scholar
Vizi, Balázs. 2002. “Minority Groups and Autonomy from an International Political Perspective.” In Minority Governance in Europe, edited by Kinga Gal, 39–54. Budapest: LGI/ECMI.Google Scholar
Vizi, Balázs. 2012. “Minority Languages and Multilingualism in Europe and in the European Union.” In Multilingual Europe, Multilingual Europeans, edited by László Marácz and Mireille Rosello, 135–157. Amsterdam: Rodopi (European Studies 29).Google Scholar
Wilkinson, Steven I., 2002. “Conditionality, Consociationalism and Ethnic Conflict Moderation.” Paper presented at conference: From Power-Sharing to Democracy: Post-Conflict Institutions in Ethnically Divided Societies, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, November 8–10.Google Scholar
Witte, Els and Velthoven, Harry van. 2011. Languages in Contact and in Conflict. The Belgian Case. Kalmthout: Uitgeverij Pelckmans.Google Scholar
Zielonka, Jan. 2006. Europe as Empire. The Nature of the Enlarged European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar