¹ Anscombe, G. E. M., ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’, Philosophy 33 (1958), p. 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

² Ibid., p. 5

³ Ibid., p. 6

⁴ Ibid., pp. 17–18

⁵ For example, the animal liberationist Peter Singer has argued that without the belief that human beings are made in the image of God, the idea that human life always in principle takes precedence over animal life no longer holds. See in particular Kuhse, Helga and Singer, Peter, Should the Baby Live?(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985)Google Scholar.

⁶ See for instance the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Preamble.

⁷ International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Preamble.

⁸ In this respect, it is informative to note that those behind both the American Declaration of Independence(1776) and the French Déclaration des Droits de l’Homme et du Citoyen(1789) felt the need to make reference to God in order to justify their claims about inalienable rights.

⁹ Rist, John M., Real Ethics(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. 179Google Scholar.

¹⁰ Hopkins, , ‘The Wreck of the Deutschland’, in Gardener, W. H., Poems and Prose of Gerald Manley Hopkins(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1964 [first published 1953]), p. 12Google Scholar

¹¹ Hopkins, ‘As kingfishers catch fire’, in ibid., p. 51

¹² Vitoria, , ‘On the American Indians’, in Pagden, Anthony and Lawrence, Jeremy (eds.), Francisco de Vitoria: Political Writings(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), p. 233CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

¹³ Ibid., p. 238

¹⁴ Ibid., p. 242

¹⁵ Ibid., pp. 280–281

¹⁶ Ibid., p. 270

¹⁷ This is stipulated in the contract which Sert (the artist) signed with the Government of the Spanish Republic on 11^th September 1935.

¹⁸ Castellari, Arthur C., The Murals by José Maria Sert(Geneva: United Nations Library, 1985), p. 22Google Scholar

¹⁹ McCabe, Herbert, God Matters(London: Mowbray, 2000Google Scholar [first published: London: Chapman, 1987]), pp. 19–20

²⁰ Note that the Second Vatican Council explicitly linked peace to justice in its highly influential ‘Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World’, Gaudium et Spes.

²¹ http://www.un.op.org/background/

²² In terms of the following discussion, I am indebted to Dr. G. Rangwala for a lecture he gave at the University of Cambridge in Michaelmas term 2005 entitled ‘NGOs in International Organisation’.

²³ At the time of writing, the UN is undergoing major reform, and so this is unlikely to be the case for much longer.

²⁴ http://www.un.op.org/docs/statement.php?id=379

²⁵ Ibid.

²⁶ Special Rapporteurs are mandated to report back on specific situations to the UN. They also make recommendations for action (which are not always accepted or followed through).

²⁷ http://www.un.op.org/docs/statement.php?id=379

²⁸ Indeed, the organisation welcomes donations and to this end it has established the ‘Fray Francisco de Vitoria Justice Fund’. For more information see http://www.un.op.org/background/dvf.php

²⁹ I am indebted to Philippe LeBlanc OP for his help with this article.