Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-swr86 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T14:30:32.911Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The spatialization of Islamist, populist, and neo-Ottoman discourses in the Turkish capital under AKP rule

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 October 2019

Husik Ghulyan Open the ORCID record for Husik Ghulyan [Opens in a new window]
Husik Ghulyan*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Sciences and Public Administration, Ankara University, Emniyet, Dogöl Cad. 6A, 06560, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey; ghulyan@ankara.edu.tr, husikghulyan@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This article discusses the recent politics of space in Turkey during the rule of the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) through a focus on the capital city of Ankara. In order to analyze the recent politics of space in Turkey, the article elaborates upon the recent politics of toponym changes and the discourse over space and place in the Turkish capital. Particular attention is paid to the spatialization of neo-Ottoman, Islamist, and populist discourses and to the production of various representational and counter-representational spaces. One of the key foci of the article is its elaboration on the new Presidential Complex (Cumhurbaşkanlığı Külliyesi) as a case that, in its representational and conceptual aspects, reflects the spatialization of Islamist and populist discourses and symbolizes the recent transformations of social space and the emergent sociospatial order in Turkey.

Keywords

Politics of spacespatialization of discourseIslamismpopulismneo-OttomanismAnkaraTurkish Presidential Palace
Type
Articles
Information
New Perspectives on Turkey , Volume 61 , November 2019 , pp. 125 - 153
Copyright
© New Perspectives on Turkey and Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Author’s Note: This article is based on my doctoral dissertation, completed under the supervision of Prof. Tayfun Çınar in 2017 at the Graduate School of Social Sciences of Ankara University. However, substantial revisions have been made and additional comments added to support the main arguments. I would like to express my appreciation to Michelle Yeoman, Amber Murrey, Biray Kolluoğlu, and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, criticism, and support. Please also note that this study received no specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

References

“% 65’in Yüzbinleri.” Hürriyet. April 15, 2007. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/65-in-yuzbinleri-6335051.Google Scholar
“29 Ekim Resepsiyonu İptal.” Hürriyet. October 29, 2014. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/29-ekim-resepsiyonu-iptal-27477903.Google Scholar
Akcan, Esra. Çeviride Modern Olan: Şehir ve Konutta Türk-Alman İlişkileri. İstanbul: YKY, 2009.Google Scholar
“AKP’ye ‘Barış’ Fazla Geldi: Gar Meydanı’nın Adı ‘Demokrasi Meydanı’ Olarak Değiştirildi.” Diken. October 15, 2015. http://www.diken.com.tr/akpye-baris-fazla-geldi-gar-meydaninin-adi-demokrasi-meydani-olarak-degistirildi/.Google Scholar
Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi. “1071 Malazgirt Bulvarı’na Muhteşem Açılış.” Büyükşehir Ankara 10, no. 470 (2014).Google Scholar
Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi. “Değişen Cadde ve Sokak İsimleri.” https://www.ankara.bel.tr/genel-sekreter-yardimcisi-vedat-ucpinar/fen-isleri-dairesi-baskanligi/numarataj-sube-mudurlugu/degisen-cadde-ve-sokak-simleri.Google Scholar
“Ankara Explosions Leave Almost 100 Dead.” BBC News. October 10, 2015. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34495161.Google Scholar
“Ankara’da Laiklik Yanlısı Gösteri.” BBC Turkish. April 14, 2007. http://www.bbc.co.uk/turkish/news/story/2007/04/070414_turkey_rally_update.shtml.Google Scholar
“Ankara’daki Barış Mitingini Kim Düzenledi ve Kimler Katıldı?” Sözcü. October 10, 2015. http://www.sozcu.com.tr/2015/gunun-icinden/ankaradaki-baris-mitingini-kim-duzenledi-ve-kimler-katildi-956109/.Google Scholar
Batuman, Bülent. “Mekân, Kimlik ve Sosyal Çatışma: Cumhuriyet’in Kamusal Mekânı Olarak Kızılay Meydanı.” In Ankara’nın Kamusal Yüzleri: Başkent Üzerine Mekân-Politik Tezler. Edited by Sargın, Güven. İstanbul: İletişim, 2002. 41–76.Google Scholar
Batuman, Bülent. New Islamist Architecture and Urbanism: Negotiating Nation and Islam through Built Environment in Turkey. Routledge, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayhan, Bahar. “Kızılay Meydanı’nın Adının Değiştirilmesiyle İlgili Mimarlar Odası’ndan Açıklama.” Arkitera. July 27, 2016. http://www.arkitera.com/haber/27289/kizilay-meydaninin-adinin-degistirilmesi-karariyle-ilg Google Scholar
Bozdoğan, Sibel and Akcan, Esra. Turkey: Modern Architectures in History. London: Reaktion Books, 2013.Google Scholar
“Cami, Fakülte Kadar Önemli!” Cumhuriyet. August 1, 2012. http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/diger/361190/_Cami__fakulte_kadar_onemli__.html.Google Scholar
Cantek, Funda Şenol. “Yaban”lar ve Yerliler: Başkent Olma Sürecinde Ankara. İstanbul: İletişim, 2003.Google Scholar
“Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Beştepe’deki Devlet Konukevi’ne Taşındı.” Hürriyet. December 19, 2015. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/cumhurbaskani-erdogan-bestepedeki-devlet-konukevine-tasindi-40029315.Google Scholar
“Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sarayı Külliye Oluyor.” Milliyet. January 16, 2015. http://www.milliyet.com.tr/cumhurbaskanligi-saray-kulliye/siyaset/detay/1999587/default.htm.Google Scholar
Çınar, Alev. Modernity, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey: Bodies, Places, and Time. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Çınar, Alev. “The Imagined Community as Urban Reality: The Making of Ankara.” In Urban Imaginaries Locating the Modern City. Edited by Çınar, Alev and Bender, Thomas. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007. 151–181.Google Scholar
Dikeç, Mustafa. “Space as a Mode of Political Thinking.” Geoforum 43, no. 4 (2012): 669–676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doğan, Ali Ekber. “Gökçek’in Ankara’yı Neo-Liberal Rövanşçılıkla Yeniden Kuruşu.” Planlama 2005/4 (2005): 130–138.Google Scholar
Doğan, Ali Ekber Eğreti Kamusallık: Kayseri Örneğinde İslamcı Belediyecilik. İstanbul: İletişim, 2007.Google Scholar
Doğanay, Ülkü. “Türkiye’de Siyasal İslam ve Kentsel Mekânlar: Fazilet (Refah) Partili Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin Ankara’daki Uygulamaları.” Çağdaş Yerel Yönetimler Dergisi 9, no. 1 (1999): 3–19.Google Scholar
Durgun, Sezgi. Memalik-i Şahane’den Vatan’a. İstanbul: İletişim, 2011.Google Scholar
Dündar, Can. Twitter post. February 15, 2014. https://twitter.com/candundaradasi/status/434785308400291840.Google Scholar
Elden, Stuart. “There Is a Politics of Space Because Space Is Political: Henri Lefebvre and the Production of Space.” Radical Philosophy Review 10, no. 2 (2007): 106–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
“Erdoğan, Beştepe Millet Camii Açılışında Konuştu.” Hürriyet. July 3, 2015. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/erdogan-bestepe-millet-camii-acilisinda-konustu-29450429 Google Scholar
“Erdoğan: Bu Girişimdekilere Ben ‘Mankurt’ Diyorum.” Radikal. October 19, 2015. http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/erdogan-bu-girisimdekilere-ben-mankurt-diyorum-1454938.Google Scholar
“Erdoğan: İstihbaratın Başı Devletin Başına Bağlı Olmalı.” Birgün. August 28, 2017. https://www.birgun.net/haber-detay/erdogan-istihbaratin-basi-devletin-basina-bagli-olmali-176920.html.Google Scholar
Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip. “Cumhuriyetin Sahibi Milletimizin Kendisidir, Sembolü de Cumhurbaşkanlığı Külliyesidir.” Speech, Ankara, October 28, 2015. T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı website. http://www.tccb.gov.tr/haberler/410/35788/cumhuriyetin-sahibi-milletimizin-kendisidir-sembolu-de-cumhurbaskanligi-kulliyesidir.html.Google Scholar
Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip. “Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi’nde Yaptıkları Konuşma.” Speech, Ankara, January 1, 2015. T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı website. https://www.tccb.gov.tr/konusmalar/353/2971/yildirim-beyazit-universitesinde-yaptiklari-konusma.html.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the College de France 1977–1978. Edited by Senellart, Michel. Translated by Burchell, Graham. New York: Picador, 2007.Google Scholar
Goodwin, Godfrey. “Külliyye. ” In The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 5, Khe-Mahi. Edited by Bosworth, Clifford Edmund, van Donzel, Emeri, Lewis, Bernard, and Pellat, Charles. Leiden: Brill, 1986.Google Scholar
Göle, Nilüfer. “Secularism and Islamism in Turkey : The Making of Elites and Counter-Elites.” Middle East Journal 51, no. 1 (1997): 46–58.Google Scholar
“Görmez: 80 Üniversitede Cami Olacak.” Hürriyet. November 21, 2014. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gormez-80-universitede-cami-olacak-27615626.Google Scholar
Gregory, Derek and John, Urry, eds. Social Relations and Spatial Structures. London: Macmillan, 1985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gülalp, Haldun. “Modernization Policies and Islamist Politics in Turkey.” In Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey. Edited by Bozdoğan, Sibel and Kasaba, Reşat. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997. 52–63.Google Scholar
“Kızılay Meydanı’na Dokunma, Parsel Parsel Satışı Açıkla.” Birgün. July 28, 2016. http://www.birgun.net/haber-detay/kizilay-meydani-na-dokunma-parsel-parsel-satisi-acikla-121955.html.Google Scholar
Kimyon, Deniz and Serter, Gencay. “Atatürk Orman Çiftliği’nin ve Ankara’nın Değişimi Dönüşümü.” Planlama 25, no. 1 (2015): 44–63.Google Scholar
Koç, Mert Gökhan. “Gar Meydanı Demokrasi Meydanı Oldu.” Hürriyet. October 15, 2015. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gar-meydani-demokrasi-meydani-oldu-30323097.Google Scholar
Koyuncu, Büke. “Benim Milletim…”: AK Parti İktidarı, Din ve Ulusal Kimlik. İstanbul: İletişim, 2014.Google Scholar
Köprülü, Ahmet. “ODTÜ Yolu’na, ‘1071 Malazgirt Bulvarı’ Adı Verildi.” Büyükşehir Ankara 10, no. 469 (2014): 16–17.Google Scholar
“Külliye.” Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_gts&kelime=K%FClliye.Google Scholar
“Külliye.” Nişanyan Sözlük: Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojisi. http://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=k%FClliye&x=0&y=0.Google Scholar
Lefebvre, Henri. Survival of Capitalism: Reproduction of the Relations of Production. Translated by Frank, Bryant. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1976.Google Scholar
Lefebvre, Henri. The Production of Space. Translated by Nicholson-Smith, Donald. Cambridge, MS: Blackwell, 1991.Google Scholar
Massey, Doreen. “Politics and Space/Time.” New Left Review 196 (1992): 65–84.Google Scholar
Massey, Doreen. Spatial Divisions of Labour: Social Structures and the Geography of Production. London: Macmillan, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meeker, Michael E. “Once There Was, Once There Wasn’t: National Monuments and Interpersonal Exchange.” In Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey. Edited by Bozdoğan, Sibel and Kasaba, Reşat. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997. 157–191.Google Scholar
Morris, Chris. “Despatches.” BBC News. January 16, 1998. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/48001.stm.Google Scholar
Nalbantoğlu, Gülsüm Baydar. “Silent Interruptions: Urban Encounters with Rural Turkey.” In Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey. Edited by Bozdoğan, Sibel and Kasaba, Reşat. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997. 192–210.Google Scholar
Orhan, Ezgi. “Reflection of Political Restructuring on Urban Symbols: The Case of Presidential Palace in Ankara, Turkey.” Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 3 (2016): 206–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Özkan, Miray and Ali Cenap, Yoloğlu. “Bir Bellek Projesi Olarak Sokak İsimlendirmesi: Ankara Örneği.” Planlama 2005/4 (2005): 54–60.Google Scholar
Peker, Ali Uzay. “AKP Döneminde Rövanşist Mimari,” Mimarlık 386 (2015): 4–19.Google Scholar
Saraçoğlu, Cenk and Yeşilbağ, Melih. “AKP Döneminde Türkiye: Minare Ile İnşaat Gölgesinde.” In Osmanlı’dan Günümüze Türkiye’de Siyasal Hayat. Edited by Atılgan, Gökhan, Saraçoğlu, Cenk, and Uslu, Ateş. İstanbul: Yordam Kitap, 2015. 871–957.Google Scholar
“Saray Artık Resmen ‘Külliye’ Oldu.” T24. July 7, 2015. http://t24.com.tr/haber/adi-resmen-cumhurbaskanligi-kulliyesi-oldu,302106.Google Scholar
Sargın, Güven Arif. “Displaced Memories, or the Architecture of Forgetting and Remembrance.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 22, no. 5 (2004): 659–680.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sargın, Güven Arif. “Sincan, a Town on the Verge of Civic Breakdown: The Spatialization of Identity Politics and Resistance.” In Visualizing Secularism and Religion: Egypt, Lebanon, Turkey, India. Edited by Çınar, Alev, Roy, Srirupa, and Yahya, Maha. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2012. 258–280.Google Scholar
Semerci, Tansel. “Tandoğan Meydanı, ‘Anadolu Meydanı’ Oldu.” Büyükşehir Ankara 11, no. 528 (2015): 28–29.Google Scholar
Soja, Edward. “The Socio-Spatial Dialectic.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 70, no 2 (1980): 207–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soja, Edward. Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory. London: Verso, 1989.Google Scholar
“Tandoğan Meydanı’nın İsmi ‘Anadolu Meydanı’ Olarak Değiştirildi.” CNN Türk. April 13, 2015. http://www.cnnturk.com/haber/turkiye/tandogan-meydani-nin-ismi-anadolu-meydani-olarak-degistirildi.Google Scholar
“Tandoğan Meydanı’nın İsmi Değişti.” Radikal. May 14, 2012. http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/tandogan-meydaninin-ismi-degisti-1088027/.Google Scholar
“Tandoğan Meydanı’nın İsminin Değişmesi İçin Teklif.” Hürriyet. April 18, 2012. http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/tandogan-meydaninin-isminin-degismesi-icin-teklif-20369695.Google Scholar
Taştekin, Fehim. “‘Big Brother’ to Move into Erdogan’s Palace.” Al-Monitor. March 13, 2015. http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/03/turkey-big-brother-erdogan-palace.html.Google Scholar
“TBMM ‘Külliye’ Oldu.” Radikal. January 28, 2016. http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/tbmm-kulliye-oldu-1501072/.Google Scholar
“Turkey Bans Islamic Party.” BBC News. June 22, 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1402927.stm.Google Scholar
West-Pavlov, Russell. Space in Theory: Kristeva, Foucault, Deleuze. New York: Rodopi, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yaşlı, Fatih. AKP, Cemaat, Sünni-Ulus: Yeni Türkiye Üzerine Tezler. İstanbul: Yordam Kitap, 2015.Google Scholar
Yıldırım, Uğur. “Malazgirt Atışması.” Sabah. February 19, 2014. http://www.sabah.com.tr/ankara-baskent/2014/02/19/malazgirt-atismasi.Google Scholar
Zencirci, Gizem. “Secularism, Islam, and the National Public Sphere: Politics of Commemorative Practices in Turkey.” In Visualizing Secularism and Religion: Egypt, Lebanon, Turkey, India. Edited by Çınar, Alev, Roy, Srirupa, and Yahya, Maha. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 2012. 93–109.Google Scholar