Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-g7rbq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-27T15:20:38.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

PALACE-SANCTUARY OR PAVILION? AUGUSTUS’ HOUSE AND THE LIMITS OF ARCHAEOLOGY

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 February 2022

Get access

Abstract

February 2021 saw the coincidentally simultaneous publication of two important books about the Augustan Palatine: Dal mostro al principe by Andrea Carandini and Paolo Carafa, and Il complesso di Augusto sul Palatino by Patrizio Pensabene, Patrizio Fileri and Enrico Gallocchio. Since Carandini and Pensabene have been for decades the most significant archaeological investigators of the Palatine, these two major works of synthesis offer a timely opportunity to assess the historical contribution of archaeology in the 60 years since Gianfilippo Carettoni first identified ‘the house of Augustus’. That contribution has been surprisingly disappointing, and this article tries to explain why.

Nel febbraio 2021 sono stati pubblicati contemporaneamente per coincidenza due importanti volumi sul Palatino in età augustea: Dal mostro al principe di Andrea Carandini e Paolo Carafa e Il complesso di Augusto sul Palatino di Patrizio Pensabene, Patrizio Fileri ed Enrico Gallocchio. Poiché Carandini e Pensabene sono stati responsabili per decenni le più significative investigazioni archeologiche del Palatino, queste due grandi opere di sintesi offrono una buona occasione per valutare il contributo storico dell'archeologia nei sessant'anni trascorsi da quando Gianfilippo Carettoni identificò per la prima volta “la casa di Augusto”. Quel contributo è stato sorprendentemente deludente e questo articolo cerca di spiegarne il motivo.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © British School at Rome 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bruno, D. (2012) Regione X. Palatium. In Carandini, A. and Carafa, P. (eds), Atlante di Roma antica: biografia e ritratti della città, 215–80. Milan, Electa.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. (2014) La Roma di Augusto in 100 monumenti. Novara, UTET.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. (2016) Angoli di Roma: guida inconsueta alla città antica. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. (2017a) Antinomia ben temperata: scavi nell'io e nel noi. Milan, UTET.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. (2017b) La forza del contesto. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. (2018) Io, Agrippina: sorella, moglie, madre d'imperatori. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. and Bruno, D. (2008) La casa di Augusto dai “Lupercalia” al Natale. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Carandini, A., Bruno, D. and Fraioli, F. (2010) Le case del potere nell'antica Roma. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. and Carafa, P. (2012) Atlante di Roma antica: biografia e ritratti della città. Milan, Electa.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. and Carafa, P. (2017) The Atlas of Ancient Rome: Biography and Portraits of the City. Princeton/Oxford, Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Carandini, A. and Carafa, P. (2021) Dal mostro al principe: alle origini di Roma. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Carettoni, G. (1963) La dimora palatina di Augusto. Capitolium 38: 496–9.Google Scholar
Carettoni, G. (1969) The House of Augustus — 1. Illustrated London News 20 September: 24–5.Google Scholar
Carettoni, G. (1983) Das Haus des Augustus auf dem Palatin. Mainz, Philipp von Zabern.Google Scholar
Castagnoli, F. (1964) Sulla topografia del Palatino e del Foro Romano. Archeologia Classica 16: 163–99.Google Scholar
Cecamore, C. (2002) Palatium: topografia storica del Palatino tra III sec. a.C. e I sec. d.C. (BCAR Supplementi 9). Rome, “L'Erma” di Bretschneider.Google Scholar
Claridge, A. (2014) Reconstructing the temple of Apollo on the Palatine hill in Rome. In Häuber, C., Schütz, F.X. and Winder, G.M. (eds), Reconstruction and the Historic City: Rome and Abroad (Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsgeographie München 6): 128–52. Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität.Google Scholar
Coarelli, F. (2012) Palatium: Il Palatino dalle origini all'Impero. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Cooley, A.E. (2009) Res Gestae Divi Augusti: Text, Translation, and Commentary. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Corbier, M. (1992) De la maison d'Hortensius à la Curia sur le Palatin. Mélanges de l’École Française de Rome (Antiquité) 104: 871916.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, T.J. (2013) Suetonius. In Cornell, T.J. (ed.), The Fragments of the Roman Historians I: 125–9. Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Degrassi, A. (1947) (ed.) Inscriptiones Italiae, XIII Fasti et elogia, fasc. 1 Fasti consulares et triumphales. Rome: Libreria dello stato.Google Scholar
Degrassi, A. (1963) (ed.) Inscriptiones Italiae, XIII Fasti et elogia, fasc. 2 Fasti anni Numani et Iuliani. Rome, Istituto poligrafico dello stato.Google Scholar
De Souza, M. and Devillers, O. (2019) Le Palatin, émergence de la colline du pouvoir à Rome, de la mort d'Auguste au règne de Vespasien, 14–79 p.C. (Neronia X, Ausonius Mémoires 55). Bordeaux, Ausonius.Google Scholar
Duchêne, P. (2019) Palatin et résidence d'empereurs chez Suétone, entre description et interprétation. In de Souza, M. and Devillers, O. (eds), Le Palatin, émergence de la colline du pouvoir à Rome, de la mort d'Auguste au règne de Vespasien, 14–79 p.C. (Neronia X, Ausonius Mémoires 55), 343–9. Bordeaux, Ausonius.Google Scholar
Fleury, P. and Madeleine, S. (2019) Le sanctuaire d'Apollon, trait d'union entre le Palatin d'Auguste et celui des Flaviens. Proposition de restitution virtuelle. In de Souza, M. and Devillers, O. (eds), Le Palatin, émergence de la colline du pouvoir à Rome, de la mort d'Auguste au règne de Vespasien, 14–79 p.C. (Neronia X, Ausonius Mémoires 55), 167–82. Bordeaux, Ausonius.Google Scholar
Grandazzi, A. (2011) Hoc illis curia templum (Éneide, VII, 174): La résidence d'Auguste sur le Palatin et Virgile. De quelques conséquences d'une nouvelle datation archéologique. Comptes Rendues de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 2011.1: 303–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grandazzi, A. (2017) Urbs: Histoire de la ville de Rome, des origines à la mort d'Auguste. Paris, Perrin.Google Scholar
Gros, P. (1993) Apollo Palatinus. In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae I, A–C: 54–7. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Gros, P. (2001) L'architecture romaine du début du IIIe siècle av. J.C. à la fin du Haut Empire, II Maisons, palais, villas et tombeaux. Paris, Picard.Google Scholar
Hall, J.M. (2014) Artifact and Artifice: Classical Archaeology and the Ancient Historian. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Hölscher, T. (1988) Historische Reliefs. In Kaiser Augustus und die verlorene Republik: 351–400. Mainz, von Zabern.Google Scholar
Iacopi, I. (2007) La casa di Augusto: le pitture. Verona, Electa.Google Scholar
Iacopi, I. and Tedone, G. (2006) Bibliotheca e porticus ad Apollinis. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts: Römische Abteilung 112: 351–78.Google Scholar
Ippoliti, M. (2021) La casa/santuario di Augusto/Apollo e il Lupercale. In Carandini, A. and Carafa, P. (eds), Dal mostro al principe: alle origini di Roma, 167207. Rome/Bari, Laterza.Google Scholar
Kraus, C. (2019) Domus Tiberiana. Le quartier tardo-républicain, la maison d'Auguste, le Palais julio-claudien et la Roma quadrata. In de Souza, M. and Devillers, O. (eds), Le Palatin, émergence de la colline du pouvoir à Rome, de la mort d'Auguste au règne de Vespasien, 14–79 p.C. (Neronia X, Ausonius Mémoires 55), 7589. Bordeaux, Ausonius.Google Scholar
La Rocca, E. (1986) Il lusso come espressione di potere. In Rocca, E. La and Cima, M. (eds), Le tranquille dimore degli dei: le residenza imperiale degli horti Lamiani: 335. Venice, Marsiglio.Google Scholar
Lipps, J. (2020) Review of Wiseman (2019). Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2020.09.23.Google Scholar
Lugli, G. (1965) Studi minori di topografia antica. Rome, De Luca.Google Scholar
Mar, R. (2005) El Palatí: la formació dels palaus imperials a Roma. Tarragona, Universitat Rovira i Virgili.Google Scholar
Meyboom, P.G.P. (2005) The creation of an imperial tradition: ideological aspects of the house of Augustus. In Enenkel, K.A.E. and Pfeijffer, I.L. (eds), The Manipulative Mode: Political Propaganda in Antiquity (Mnemosyne Suppl. 261): 219–74. Leiden, Brill.Google Scholar
Millar, F. (1999) The first revolution: Imperator Caesar, 36–28 BC. In La révolution romaine après Ronald Syme: Bilans et perspectives (Entretiens sur l'antiquité classique 46): 130. Vandoeuvres/Geneva, Fondation Hardt.Google Scholar
Miller, J.F. (2000) Triumphus in Palatio. American Journal of Philology 121: 409–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J.F. (2009) Apollo, Augustus, and the Poets. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Panciera, S. (2007) Domus Augustana. In Leone, A., Palombi, D. and Walker, S. (eds), Res Bene Gestae: ricerche di storia urbana su Roma antica in onore di Eva Margareta Steinby (LTUR Supplement 4): 293308. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Pensabene, P. (2017) Scavi del Palatino 2: Culti, architettura e decorazioni (Studi miscellanei 39) II. Rome, “L'Erma” di Bretschneider.Google Scholar
Pensabene, P., Fileri, P. and Gallocchio, E. (2021) Il complesso di Augusto sul Palatino: nuovi contributi all'interpretazione delle strutture e delle fasi (Studia Archeologica 243). Rome/Bristol, “L'Erma” di Bretschneider.Google Scholar
Pensabene, P. and Gallocchio, E. (2011) Contributo alla discussione sul complesso augusteo palatino. Archeologia Classica 52: 475–87.Google Scholar
Pensabene, P. and Gallocchio, E. (2019) La Casa di Augusto dopo Augusto: l'Aedes Caesarum? In de Souza, M. and Devillers, O. (eds), Le Palatin, émergence de la colline du pouvoir à Rome, de la mort d'Auguste au règne de Vespasien, 14–79 p.C. (Neronia X, Ausonius Mémoires 55), 5773. Bordeaux, Ausonius.Google Scholar
Royo, M. (1999) Domus imperatoriae: Topographie, formation et imaginaire des palais impériaux du Palatin (IIe siècle avant J.-C. – Ier siècle ap. J.-C.) (BEFAR 303). Rome, École française de Rome.Google Scholar
Sasso d'Elia, L. (1995) Domus Augustana, Augustiana. In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae II, D–G: 40–5. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Sutherland, C.H.V. (1984) The Roman Imperial Coinage (revised edition) I. London, Spink.Google Scholar
Tomei, M.A. (1999) Scavi francesi sul Palatino: le indagini di Pietro Rosa per Napoleone III (Roma Antica 5). Rome, École française de Rome and Soprintendenza archeologica di Roma.Google Scholar
Tomei, M.A. (2014) Augusto sul Palatino: gli scavi di Gianfilippo Carettoni, appunti inediti (1955–1984). Milan, Electa.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (1983) Suetonius: The Scholar and His Caesars. London, Duckworth.Google Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (2018) Augustan Rome (second edition). London/New York, Bloomsbury.Google Scholar
Wiseman, T.P. (2009) The house of Augustus and the Lupercal. Journal of Roman Archaeology 22: 527–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiseman, T.P. (2011) Vesta and uestibulum: an Ovidian etymology. Scholia 20: 72–9.Google Scholar
Wiseman, T.P. (2013) The Palatine from Evander to Elagabalus. Journal of Roman Studies 103: 234–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiseman, T.P. (2019) The House of Augustus: A Historical Detective Story. Princeton, Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Zanker, P. (1983) Der Apollontempel auf dem Palatin: Ausstattung und politische Sinnbezüge nach der Schlacht von Actium. In Città e architettura nella Roma imperiale (Analecta Romana Instituti Danici Suppl. 10): 2140. Odense, Odense University Press.Google Scholar
Zanker, P. (1988) The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus (Jerome Lectures 16). Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zink, S. (2012) Old and new archaeological evidence for the plan of the Palatine temple of Apollo. Journal of Roman Archaeology 25: 388402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar