¹ The Ager Cosanus—Albegna Valley Survey was initiated by Andrea Carandini and is supported by the British Academy, the British School at Rome, the Society of Antiquaries, the Craven Committee of Oxford University, the Cambridge University department of Classics and the Universities of Siena and Pisa. Interim reports have appeared in Arch Med 9, 1982, 365–86 and 10, 1983, 439–65. It is not the intention of this paper to give a detailed topographical analysis of the new road: this will be covered in the final publication of the survey. I am extremely grateful to Peter Wiseman and Francois Jacques for their corrections and suggestions, and to Maria Grazie Celluza, on whose map Fig. 1 is based.

² How far the Via Aurelia extended is a controversial question. It is attested at Lorium (HA Pius 1. 8), Gravisca (Digest XXXI 30) and possibly Vulci (ILLRP ² 1288); one left Rome by it to go to the Lacus Prilius (Cic. Phil. XII 23 and Mil. 74), Mutina (Cic., Phil. XII 22Google Scholar) or Massilia (Cic., Cat. II 6Google Scholar and 14). According to the Antonine Itinerary (289, cf. HA Aurelian 48. 2) it ran ‘per Tusciam ad Alpes Maritimas Arelatum usque’.

³ South of Cosa the route was established by Franco Cambi and Maria Grazia Celuzza.

⁴ De Rossi, G. M., ‘La Via Aurelia da Roma a Forum Aurelii’, Quaderni dell'Istituto di Topografia IV (Rome, 1968)Google Scholar.

⁵ Plutarch C. Gracchus 7. 1.

⁶ A detailed study of the centuriation is being undertaken by Ida Attolini.

⁷ On the Aurelia Nova, known from CIL XIV 3610 = ILS 1071, see De Rossi, op. cit. 154–5 (with previous bibliography); Wiseman, T. P., PBSR 38 (1970) 133 f.Google Scholar; Herzig, H., ‘Namen und Daten der Via Aurelia’, Epigraphica 32 (1970) 50–65Google Scholar.

⁸ Radke, G., RE Supp.-Band XIII (1973) 1619 fGoogle Scholar.

⁹ Ibid. For the course of the Aurelia Vetus in this area see Gualandi, M. L., Arch Med 10, 1983, 444Google Scholar.

¹⁰ ILLRP ² 1288; Bartoccini, R., Vulci, storia, scavi, rinvenimenti (Rome, 1960)Google Scholar; Degrassi, A., Scritti vari di antichità III (Venice, 1967) 204Google Scholar; Wiseman and Herzig, opp. citt. (n. 7 above); Moscetti, E., Rend. Acc. Lincei 30 (1975) 161Google Scholar, who notes that there is what appears to be evidence for an earlier inscription (the letters MA on the stone), although it is not entirely clear that this is not a false start. It is of course by no means certain that the Via Aurelia Nova passed through Vulci: the milestone may mark the side road from Vulci to the Aurelia.

¹¹ Loc. cit. (n. 7 above).

¹² Vir. ill. 72. 8, Strabo V 1. 11 (217); see Pegna, T. Lopes, ‘La via Emilia di Scauro’, Quad. stud. stor. Tosc. 2 (1964)Google Scholar.

¹³ Vir. ill. 72. 7; Inscr. It. XIII. 1 (1947) 561Google Scholar (Fasti triumphales, ‘de Galleis Karneis’).

¹⁴ Toynbee, A. J., Hannibal's Legacy (Oxford, 1965) 661Google Scholar.

¹⁵ Livy XXXII I 43· 5, XXXIV 56· 1, etc.

¹⁶ ILLRP 458; cf. Wiseman, , PBSR 38 (1970) 136 fGoogle Scholar.

¹⁷ ILS 5824.

¹⁸ .

¹⁹ See nn. 7 and 8 above.

²⁰ CIL XI 365 = ILS 85.

²¹ Cicero, for instance, says that he could take the Via Aurelia to Mutina, (Phil. XII 22Google Scholar). Herzig (op. cit., n. 7 above), followed by P. A. Gianfrotta (Castrum Novum, Forma Italiae VII. 3, 22 f.), uses this passage to suggest that Cicero knew of only one Via Aurelia, but given the context of Cicero's remark it is very unlikely that he would have specified which variant of the road he would have travelled. ‘Three roads lead to Mutina—not counting the Aurelia Vetus’ would not have made better rhetoric.