Habitat and Record. Six females, three of which were adult and of equal size and the rest small and imperfect, of a new species of Naobranchia, easily recognisable as being the only one as yet described in which the cephalothorax is definitely shorter than the trunk, were taken by L. Harrison Matthews on 7 viii. 1923 during his visit to Brazil, at Praia de Icarahy, Rio de Janeiro, on the gills of the Diodontid globe-fish Chilomycterus spinosus.