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Occurrence, diagnosis and follow-up of canine strongyloidiosis in naturally infected shelter dogs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2018

Roberta Iatta ,
Dora Buonfrate Open the ORCID record for Dora Buonfrate [Opens in a new window] ,
Paola Paradies ,
Maria Alfonsa Cavalera ,
Antonio Capogna ,
Fabrizio Iarussi ,
Jan Šlapeta Open the ORCID record for Jan Šlapeta [Opens in a new window] ,
Giovanni Giorli ,
Paolo Trerotoli  and
Zeno Bisoffi
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Roberta Iatta
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
Dora Buonfrate
Affiliation:
Centre for Tropical Diseases, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
Paola Paradies
Affiliation:
Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di organi, Sezione di Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
Maria Alfonsa Cavalera
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
Antonio Capogna
Affiliation:
Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di organi, Sezione di Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
Fabrizio Iarussi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di organi, Sezione di Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
Jan Šlapeta
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
Giovanni Giorli
Affiliation:
Centre for Tropical Diseases, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
Paolo Trerotoli
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70100 Bari, Italy
Zeno Bisoffi
Affiliation:
Centre for Tropical Diseases, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy Dipartimento di Diagnostica e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
Domenico Otranto*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Domenico Otranto, E-mail: domenico.otranto@uniba.it
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Abstract

Strongyloidiosis by Strongyloides stercoralis is a disease of increasing interest in human and animal medicine. The scientific knowledge on canine strongyloidiosis is hindered by the poor diagnostics available. To assess the most sensitive and specific diagnostic method, feces and blood from 100 shelter dogs were screened for S. stercoralis by coprological, molecular and serological tests. Thirty-six dogs (36%) scored positive to S. stercoralis by coprology (22.3% to Baermann) and/or 30% to real time-polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). According to two composite reference standards (CRS) based on all coprological methods and rt-PCR (first CRS) or in combination with serology (second CRS), the most sensitive test was IFAT (93.8%; CI 82.8–98.7), followed by rt-PCR (80.6%; 95% CI 64–91.8) and Baermann (60.6%; 95% CI 42.1–77.1). The inconsistent shedding of L1 during the 4-week follow-up in infected dogs suggests the importance of multiple faecal collections for a reliable diagnosis. A combination of serological and coprological tests is recommended for the surveillance and diagnosis of S. stercoralis infection in dogs.

Keywords

Coprologydiagnosisdogsmolecular biologyserologyStrongyloides stercoralis
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 146 , Issue 2 , February 2019 , pp. 246 - 252
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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