Hostname: page-component-84b7d79bbc-x5cpj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-25T19:02:20.444Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The potential role of blowflies in the transmission of taeniid tapeworm eggs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

J. R. Lawson  and
M. A. Gemmell
J. R. Lawson
Affiliation:
Hydatid Research Unit, Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, University of Otago Medical School, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
M. A. Gemmell
Affiliation:
Hydatid Research Unit, Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, University of Otago Medical School, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In laboratory studies with 3 species of Calliphora more than half were shown to ingest eggs of Taenia hydatigena from the surface of clog faeces with a maximum of over 5000 eggs in 1 fly. Most eggs were voided within 48 h and between 38 and 48% of these eggs had lost their embryophores. In field studies carried out in the South Island of New Zealand, traps baited with dog faeces captured the following blowfly species in decreasing order of abundance: Hybopygia varia, Calliphora quadrimaculata, C. hortona and C. stygia. Peak numbers were trapped in January, February and March. Almost 25% of wild flies, caught after feeding for up to 3 mm on dog faeces naturally contaminated with taeniid eggs, had eggs in their intestine. When administered to lambs all 4 species of fly transferred infection. Lambs grazed in winter on plots near kennels that had housed dogs with patent infections of T. hydatigena acquired higher worm burdens than those grazed further away. The burdens were greater downwind of the prevailing wind. After removal of the dogs, blowflies caught in the vicinity contained taeniid eggs but the contents of pitfall traps did not. Blowflies, and to a much lesser degree the insects and dust caught on sticky traps during the presence of the dogs, transferred infection when administered to naive lambs.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 91 , Issue 1 , August 1985 , pp. 129 - 143
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Archipova, N. S. (1975). [Role of certain insects in the dissemination of Cysticercus bovis amongst cattle.]Byulleten Vsesoyuznogo Instituta Gel'mintologii im. K. I. Skrybina, No. 16, 10–12.Google Scholar
Coman, B. J. & Rickard, M. D. (1975). The location of Taenia pisiformis, Taenia ovis and Taenia hydatigena in the gut of the dog and its effect on net environmental contamination with ova. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 47, 237–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duthy, B. L. & Someren, V. D. van (1948). The survival of Taenia saginata eggs on open pasture. East African Agricultural Journal 13, 147–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gemmell, M. A. & Johnstone, P. D. (1976). Factors regulating tapeworm populations: dispersion of eggs of Taenia hydatigena on pasture. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 70, 431–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gemmell, M. A. & Johnstone, P. D. (1977). Experimental epidemiology of hydatidosis and cysticercosis. Advances in Parasitology 15, 311–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gemmell, M. A., Johnstone, P. D. & Boswell, C. C. (1978). Factors regulating tapeworm populations: dispersion patterns of Taenia hydatigena eggs on pasture. Research in Veterinary Science 24, 334–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gemmell, M. A. & Lawson, J. R. (1982). Ovine cysticercosis: An epidemiological model for the cysticercoses. I. The free-living egg stage. In Present State of Knowledge and Perspective (ed. Flisser, A., Wilims, K., Laclette, J. P., Larralde, C., Ridaura, C. and Beltrain, F.), pp. 87–98. New York and London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Gemmell, M. A. & Lawson, J. R. (1984). Epidemiology and control of echinococcosis/hydatidosis. In Biology of Echinococcus and Hydatid Disease, (ed. Thompson, R. C. A.). London, Boston and Sydney: George Allen and Unwin. (In the Press.)Google Scholar
Goddeeris, B. (1980). The role of insects in dispersing eggs of tapeworms. II. Personal investigations. Annales de la Société belge de Médecine tropicale 60, 277–83.Google ScholarPubMed
Greenberg, B. (1973). Flies and Disease. Vol. II, Biology and Disease Transmission. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Gupta, S. R., Rao, C. K., Biswas, H., Kristnaswami, A. K., Wattal, B. L. & Raghavan, N. G. S. (1972). Role of the house-fly in the transmission of intestinal parasite cysts/ova. Indian Journal of Medical Research 60, 1120–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Harris, A. H. & Down, H. A. (1946). Studies of the dissemination of cysts and ova of human intestinal parasites by flies in various localities on Guam. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 26, 789–800.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heinz, H. J. & Brauns, W. (1955). The ability of flies to transmit ova of Echinococcus granulosus to human goods. South African Journal of Medical Science 20, 131–2.Google Scholar
Khan, N. I. (1979). Studies on the dispersal of helminth ova by adult Musca domestica. MA. thesis, University of Liverpool.Google Scholar
Laws, G. F. (1968). Physical factors influencing survival of taeniid eggs. Experimental Parasitology 22, 227–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lawson, J. R. & Gemmell, M. A. (1983). Hydatidosis and cysticercosis: The dynamics of transmission. Advances in Parasitology 22, 261–308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lonc, E. (1980 a). The possible role of the soil fauna in the epizootiology of cysticercosis in cattle. I. Earthworms – the biotic factor in the transmission of Taenia saginata eggs. Angewandte Parasitologie 21, 133–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Louc, E. (1980 b). The possible role of the soil fauna in the epizootiology of cysticercosis in cattle. II. Dung beetles – a biotic factor in the transmission of Taenia saginata eggs. Angewandte Parasitologie 21, 139–44.Google Scholar
Majer, J. P. (1978). An improved pitfall trap for sampling ants and epigaeic invertebrates. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 17, 261–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marxariants, L. A. & Gadzhei, E. F. (1968). [Combination of synanthropic flies with eggs of helminths in Western Pamir.] Meditsinskaya Parasitologiya i Parazitarnye Bolezni 37, 103–4.Google Scholar
Meyers, H. F. (1957). Physical observations on Echinococcus eggs. Part III. A simple method for the determination of viability. Journal of Parasitology 43, 322–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mutinga, M. J. & Madel, G. (1981). The role of coprophagous beetles in the dissemination of taeniasis in Kenya. Insect Science and its Application 1, 379–83.Google Scholar
Nadziiafov, I. G. (1967). [The role of different species of synanthropic flies in dissemination of oncospheres of Taeniarhynchus saginatus.] Meditsinskaya Parasitologiya i Parazintarnye Bolezni 36, 144–9.Google Scholar
Nicoll, W. (1911). On the part played by flies in the dispersal of the eggs of parasitic worms. Report to the Local Government Board on Public Health and Medical Subjects. (New Series, No. 16). Further Reports (No. 4) on Flies as Carriers of Infections. London: H.M.S.O.Google Scholar
Parnell, I. W. (1965). Some observations on taeniid ovicides: screening techniques, and the effects of some inorganic compounds. Journal of Helminthology 39, 257–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Round, M. C. (1961). Observations on the possible role of filth flies in the epizootiology of bovine cysticercosis in Kenya. Journal of Hygiene 59, 505–13.Google ScholarPubMed
Schiller, E. L. (1954). Studies on the helminth fauna of Alaska. XIX. Experimental study on blowfly (Phormia regina) transmission of hydatid disease. Experimental Parasitology 3, 161–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shircore, T. O. (1916). A note on some helminthic diseases with special reference to the housefly as a natural carrier of ova. Parasitology 8, 239–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silverman, P. H. (1954). Studies on the biology of some tapeworms of the genus Taenia. I. Factors affecting hatching and activation of taeniid ova, and some criteria of their viability. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 48, 207–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sychevskaya, V. I. & Petrova, T. A. (1958). [On the role of flies in the distribution of the helminth eggs in Uzbekistan.] Zoologicheski Zhurnal Ukraine 37, 563–9.Google Scholar
Vogt, W. G. & Havenstein, D. E. (1974). A standardised bait trap for blowfly studies. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 13, 249–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogt, W. G. & Woodburn, T. L. (1983). The analysis and standardisation of trap catches of Lucilia cuprina (Weidemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 73, 609–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitlock, H. V. (1948). Some modifications on the McMaster helminth egg-counting technique and apparatus. Journal of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Australia 21, 117–80.Google Scholar
Wigglesworth, V. B. (1929). Digestion in the Tsetse fly. A study of structure and function. Parasitology 21, 288–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar