Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-cnmwb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T03:19:41.189Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Researches on the Intestinal Protozoa of Monkeys and Man

VII. On The Enteromonas of Macaques and Embadomonas Intestinalis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Clifford Dobell
Clifford Dobell
Affiliation:
National Institute for Medical Research, London, N.W. 3
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

(A) Enteromonas hominis Fonseca, 1915 (emend. Dobell, 1921) is the correct designation of the flagellate first adequately described as Tricercomonas intestinalis by Wenyon and O'Connor in 1917.

Organisms morphologically indistinguishable, at all stages in the life-cycle, inhabit various macaques (M. rhesus, M. sinicus, M. nemestrinus). I have grown the simian species in “pure” cultures, and have obtained all stages in vitro and in vivo: and I have also obtained evidence—not “experimental ”, but from observed spontaneous spread of infection—that the species in M. rhesus and M. sinicus, at least, are identical.

An attempt to infect a man experimentally, by oral administration of cysts from a pure culture of the simian species (from M. sinicus), was unsuccessful.

(B) Embadomonas intestinalis [ = Retortamonas Wenrich nec Grassi] is probably the correct designation of the flagellate described by Wenyon and O'Connor (1917) as Waskia: and it is the only intestinal protozoon of Man which can be readily cultivated at all temperatures from 15° to 38° C. This species closely resembles several others described from other vertebrates—both warm-blooded and cold-blooded—but the identity of them all is still questionable.

A species similar to E. intestinalis has been observed in macaques by several workers, and has been assumed to be identical on insufficient evidence. Two attempts which I have made to infect macaques (M. rhesus and M. sinicus) experimentally, by feeding on cysts in pure cultures of E. intestinalis from Man, were completely negative.

(C) Consequently, while it seems probable on general grounds that both the Enteromonas and the Embadommas of men and macaques are specifically identical, it is still premature—with only negative evidence for their transmissibility from host to host—to assert this conclusion as a fact.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 27 , Issue 4 , October 1935 , pp. 564 - 592
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1935

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bishop, A. (1931). A description of Embadomonas n.spp. from Blattes orientalis, Rana temporaries, Bufo vulgaris, Salamandra maculosa; with a note upon the “cyst” of Trichomonas batrachorum. Parasitology, 23, 286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bishop, A. (1932). A note upon Retortamonas rotunda n.sp., an intestinal flagellate in Bufo vulgaris. Parasitology 24, 233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bishop, A. (1934). Observations upon Embadomonas intestinalis in culture. Parasitology 26, 17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boeck, W. C. (1924). Studies on Tricercomonas intestinalis (Wenyon and O'Connor, 1917). Amer. J. Trop. Med. 4, 519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brug, S. L. (1923). Protozoölogische waarnemingen. Geneesk. Tijdschr. Nederl.-Indië, 63, 620.Google Scholar
Collier, J. and Boeck, W. C. (1926). The morphology and cultivation of Embadomonas cuniculi n.sp. J. Parasit. 12, 131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cunha, A. M. Da and Muniz, J. (1927). Description d'une nouvelle espèce d'enteromonas, parasite du caecum du Lagostomus trichodactylus Brookes, 1829. C.R. Soc. Biol. 96, 478.Google Scholar
Cunha, A. M. Da and Muniz, J. (1927 a). Sur la division d. l'enteromonas intestinalis Fonseca 1918. C.R. Soc. Biol. 96, 479.Google Scholar
Cunha, A. M. Da and Muniz, J. (1927 b). Sur les flagellés intestinaux; description de trois espèces nouvelles. C.R. Soc. Biol. 96, 496.Google Scholar
Cunha, A. M. Da and Muniz, J. (1929). Division multiple dans le genre Enteromonas. C.R. Soc. Biol. 101, 950.Google Scholar
Cunha, A. M. Da and Muniz, J. (1929 a). Nota sobre os parasitas intestinaes do Macacus rhesus, corn a descripção de uma nova especie de Octomitus. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. Suppl. No. 5, p. 34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cunha, A. M. Da and Pacheco, G. (1923). Recherches sur les flagellés intestinaux de l'homme. C.R. Soc. Biol. 89, 765.Google Scholar
Dobell, C. (1928). Researches on the intestinal Protozoa of Monkeys and Man.—I. General introduction, and II. Description of the whole life-history of Entamoeba histolytica in cultures. Parasitology, 20, 357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. with Bishop, A. (1929). Researches on the intestinal Protozoa of Monkeys and Man. III. The action of emetine on natural amoebic infections in macaques. Parasitology 21, 446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. with Bishop, A. (1931). Researches on the intestinal Protozoa of Monkeys and Man. IV. An experimental study of the histolytica-like species of Entamoeba living naturally in macaques. Parasitology 23, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. with Bishop, A. (1933). Researches on the intestinal Protozoa of Monkeys and Man. V. The Endolimax of macaques. Parasitology 25, 436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. with Bishop, A. (1934). Researches on the intestinal Protozoa of Monkeys and Man. VI. Experiments with the trichomonads of man and the macaques. Parasitology 26, 531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. and Laidlaw, P. P. (1926). The action of ipecacuanha alkaloids on Entamoeba histolytica and some other entozoic amoebae in culture. Parasitology 18, 206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. and Laidlaw, P. P. (1926 a). On the cultivation o. Entamoeba histolytica and some other entozoic amoebae. Parasitology 18, 283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobell, C. and O'Connor, F. W. (1921). The Intestinal Protozoa of Man. 8°. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faust, E. C. (1922). Notes on Embadomonas sinensis, Faust and Wassell 1921. J. Parasit. 9, 33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faust, E. C. and Wassell, C. McA. (1921). Preliminary survey of the intestinal parasites of man in the Central Yangtze Valley. China Med. J. 35, 532.Google Scholar
Fonseca, O. O. R. Da (1915). Sobre os flagellados dos mamiferos do Brazil. Um novo parasito do homem. Brazil-Medico, 29, 281.Google Scholar
Fonseca, O. O. R. Da (1918). Sobre os flagellados parasites. Infecções por Enteromonas. Brazil-Medico 32, 313.Google Scholar
Fonseca, O. O. R. Da (1920). Estudos sobre os flagellados parasites. Mem. Inst. Osvaldo Cruz, 12, 51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fonseca, O. O. R. Da (1927). Sur le flagellé Enteromonas hominis. C.R. Soc. Biol. 97, 1086.Google Scholar
Fonseca, O. O. R. Da (1932). Titus e trabalhos scientificos apresentados … para o concurso á vaga de professor cathedratico de parasitologia no Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Rio de Janeiro. 8°. [68 pp.] Rio de Janeiro: Lith. Typ. Fluminense.Google Scholar
Grassi, B. (1882). Intorno ad alcuni protisti endoparassitici [etc.]. Atti Soc. ital. Sci. nat. 24, 135.Google Scholar
Grassi, B. (1888). Morfologia e sistematica di alcuni protozoi parassiti. Atti R. Accad. Lincei, Rendiconti, 4 ser. (Cl. sci. fis.) 4, 5.Google Scholar
Hegner, R. (1934). Intestinal protozoa of chimpanzees. Amer. J. Hyg. 19, 480.Google Scholar
Hegner, R. and Chu, H. J. (1930). A comparative study of the intestinal protozoa of wild monkeys and man. Amer. J. Hyg. 12, 62.Google Scholar
Hogue, M. J. (1921). Waskia intestinalis: its cultivation and cyst formation. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 77, 112.Google Scholar
Hogue, M. J. (1933). A new variety of Retortamonas (Embadomonas) intestinalis from man. Amer. J. Hyg. 18, 433.Google Scholar
Kessel, J. F. (1928). Intestinal protozoa of monkeys. Univ. California Publ. Zool. 31, 275.Google Scholar
Knowles, R. and Das Gupta, B. M. (1929). A Tricercomonas of the pig. Indian J. Med. Res. 16, 647.Google Scholar
Laidlaw, P. P., Dobell, C., and Bishop, A. (1928). Further experiments on the action of emetine in cultures of Entamoeba histolytica. Parasitology, 20, 207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
López-Neyra, C. R. and Suárez Peregrin, E. (1934). Estudios sobre el “Enteromonas hominis”, parásite intestinal humano. Publicaciones Oficiales de la Comisión Permanente de Investigaciones Sanitarias (Direcci´n General de Sanidad), Madrid. Trab. No. 18. [30 pp.+2 Pl. Issued in 1935?]Google Scholar
Lynch, K. M. (1922). Tricercomonas intestinalis and Enteromonas caviae n.sp. and their growth in culture. J. Parasit. 9, 29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mac Arthur, W. P. (1930) [Editor]. Memoranda on Medical Diseases in Tropical and Sub-tropical Areas. 5th ed. 8°. London: H.M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Perekropoff, G. I. and Stepanoff, P. I. (1932). Zur Frage der Darmerkrankungen des Menschen, die durch Octomitus bedingt sind. ZBl. Bakt. I (Orig.), 123, 324.Google Scholar
Schourenkova, A. I. and Demina, N. A. (1929). Sur les relations entre l'enteromonas de Fonseca 1915 et le Tricercomonas intestinales Wenyon et O'connor 1917. Bull. Soc. Path. Exot. 22, 645.Google Scholar
Svensson, R. [with Linders, F. J.] (1934). The chances of detecting infections with intestinal protozoa. Acta Med. Scared. 81, 267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomson, J. G. (1929). Protozoal parasites. In: Discussion on monkeys and human disease. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. (Sect. Trop. Dis. & Parasitol.), 22, 30.Google Scholar
Thomson, J. G. and Robertson, A. (1925). The cysts of Tricercomonas intestinales Wenyon and O'Connor 1917 found in human faeces. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 28, 223.Google Scholar
Thomson, J. G. and Robertson, A. (1925 a). Notes on the cultivation of certain amoebae and flagellates of man, using the technique of Boeck and Drbohlav. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 28, 345.Google Scholar
Watt, J. Y. C. (1933). On Embadmnonas sinensis Faust and Wassell, 1921. Chinese Med. J. 47, 1331.Google Scholar
Wenrich, D. H. (1932). The relation of the protozoan flagellate, Retortamonas gryllotalpae (Grassi, 1879) Stiles, 1902 to the species of the genus Embadomonas Mackinnon, 1911. Trans. Amer. Micr. Soc. 51, 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenrich, D. H. (1933). A species of Hexamita(Protozoa, Flagellata) from the intestine of a monkey (Macacus rhesus). J. Parasit. 19, 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. (1926). Protozoology. A Manual for Medical Men, Veterinarians and Zoologists. 8°. 2 vols. London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenyon, C. M. and O'Connor, F. W. (1917). Human Intestinal Protozoa in the Near East. 8°. London. [First published in J. Roy. Army Med. Corps, 28, Nos. 1–6.]Google Scholar
Yakimoff, W. (1923). Protistologisehe Beobachtungen. Arch. Soc. Russe Protistol. 2, 247.Google Scholar