Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T12:28:40.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Studies on the relationship between the survival of Schistosoma mansoni larvae in mice and the degree of resistance produced

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Q. D. Bickle
Q. D. Bickle
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Winches Farm Field Station, 395 Hatfield Road, St Albans, Herts AL4 0XQ
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

These studies were aimed at giving a clearer idea of the source of the antigens responsible for the induction of resistance by larval schistosomes. Firstly, the resistance induced by radiation-attenuated (20 krad.) infections was compared with that induced by the larval phase of unirradiated infections. The superiority of the irradiated larvae was demonstrated by infecting mice with 500 female cercariae which were either unirradiated or irradiated, and challenging them 3 weeks later with male cercariae. At perfusion, when primary and challenge worms could be distinguished by sex, significantly greater resistance was demonstrated in the groups vaccinated with irradiated larvae (56 cf. 31% and 48 cf. 26% in two experiments). Secondly, in order to establish how long immunizing larvae need to survive to stimulate optimum resistance, mice were either treated with schistosomulicidal drugs or had the site of infection excised at various intervals post-vaccination. Treatment or excision at up to 24 h did not result in significant resistance to challenge (6–16%). Similar treatments at 1 week did not prevent significant resistance developing (26–37%) but the levels of resistance were significantly lower than those manifest by vaccinated, untreated mice (51–71%). It is concluded that the immunizing larvae need to persist for between 1 and 2 weeks in order to stimulate optimum protection and that antigens released during protracted survival and/or death of the larvae in either the skin or the lungs are probably key factors in the induction of resistance.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 84 , Issue 1 , February 1982 , pp. 111 - 122
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bickle, Q. D., Taylor, M. G., Doenhoff, M. J. & Nelson, G. S. (1979 a). Immunization of mice with gamma-irradiated intramuscularly injected schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 79, 209–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bickle, Q. D., Dobinson, T. & James, E. R. (1979 b). The effects of gamma-irradiation on migration and survival of Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula in mice. Parasitology 79, 223–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cordeiro, M. N. & Gazzinelli, G. (1979). schistosoma mansoni: resolution and molecular weight estimates of tegument glycoproteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Experimental Parasitology 48, 337–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dean, D. A., Bukowski, M. A. & Cheever, A. W. (1981). Relationships between acquired resistance, portal hypertension and lung granulomas in ten strains of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (in the Press).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foster, R. & Cheetham, R. L. (1973). Studies with the schistosomicide Oxamniquine (UK-4271). I. Activity in rodents and in vitro. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 67, 674–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hockley, D. J. & McLaren, D. J. (1973). Schistosoma mansoni: changes in the outer membrane of the tegument during development from cercaria to adult worms. International Journal for Parasitology 3, 13–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsu, H. F., Davis, J. R., Hsu, S. Y. Li & Osborne, J. W. (1963). Histopathology in albino mice and rhesus monkeys infected with irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum. Zeitschrift für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie 14, 240–61.Google Scholar
Kusel, J. R. (1972). Protein composition and protein synthesis in the surface membrane of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 65, 55–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Long, E., Doenhoff, M. & Bain, J. (1978). Factors affecting the acquisition of resistance against Schistosoma mansoni in the mouse. 2. The time at which resistance to re-infection develops. Journal of Helminthology 52, 187–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manmoud, A. A. F., Mandel, M. A., Warren, K. & Webster, L. T. (1975). Niridazole II. A potent long-acting suppressant of cellular hypersensitivity. Journal of Immunology 114, 297–83.Google Scholar
McLaren, D. J., Hockley, D. J., Goldring, O. L. & Hammond, B. J. (1978). A freeze fracture study of the developing tegumental outer membrane of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 76, 327–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minard, P., Dean, D. A., Jacobson, R. H., Vannier, W. B. & Murrell, K. D. (1978 a). Immunization of mice with Cobalt-60 irradiated schistosoma mansoni cercariae. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27, 76–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minard, P., Dean, D. A. S., Vannier, W. E. & Murrell, K. D. (1978 b). Effect of immunization on migration of schistosoma mansoni through lungs. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27, 87–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minard, P., Murrell, K. D. & Stirewalt, M. A. (1977). Proteolytic, antigenic and immunogenic properties of Schistosoma mansoni cercarial secretion material. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 26, 491–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pellegrino, J. & Katz, N. (1974). Failure to immunize mice by therapeutically killing developing schistosomula (Schistosoma mansoni). Journal of Parasitology 60, 727–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pellegrino, J., Pereira, H. & Mello, T. (1976). Preliminary laboratory trials with oxamniquine as a prophylactic agent in schistosomiasis. Revista de lnstituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paolo 18, 97–101.Google ScholarPubMed
Smithers, S. R. & Miller, K. L. (1980). Protective immunity in murine Schistosomiasis mansoni: Evidence for two distinct mechanisms. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 29, 832–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stirewalt, M. (1974). Schistosoma mansoni: cercaria to schistosomula. Advances in Parasitology 12, 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stohler, H. R. (1977). Vergleichende schistosomiside Aktivatät von Ro 11–0761 gegen die experimentelle Schistosoma haematobium, S. mansoni und S. japonicum Infektion. Tagung Deutschsprachiger Tropenmedizinisher Gesellschafter, Lindau, 49.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. A. (1980). Is immunity to Schistosoma mansoni in the chronically infected laboratory mouse an artifact of pathology? Proceedings of the Third European Multicolloquium of Parasitology, Cambridge, England, p. 37.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. A. & Barnes, P. E. (1977). The formation and turnover of the membranocalyx on the tegument of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 74, 61–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed