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The role of the mussel Mytilus spp. in the transmission of ostreid herpesvirus-1 microVar

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2017

A. J. O’ Reilly ,
C. Laide ,
A Maloy ,
S. Hutton ,
B. Bookelaar ,
K. O’ Sullivan ,
S. A. Lynch  and
S. C. Culloty
A. J. O’ Reilly
Affiliation:
Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Rd., Cork, Ireland
C. Laide
Affiliation:
Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
A Maloy
Affiliation:
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Northeast Fishery Centre, PO Box 75, 227 Washington Ave Lamar PA, 16848, USA
S. Hutton
Affiliation:
Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Rd., Cork, Ireland
B. Bookelaar
Affiliation:
Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Rd., Cork, Ireland
K. O’ Sullivan
Affiliation:
School of Mathematical Sciences, Room 1.58, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
S. A. Lynch*
Affiliation:
Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Rd., Cork, Ireland
S. C. Culloty
Affiliation:
Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, The Cooperage, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Rd., Cork, Ireland
*
Author for correspondence: S. A. Lynch, Email: s.lynch@ucc.ie
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Abstract

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas contributes significantly to global aquaculture; however, C. gigas culture has been affected by ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) and variants. The dynamics of how the virus maintains itself at culture sites is unclear and the role of carriers, reservoirs or hosts is unknown. Both wild and cultured mussels Mytilus spp. (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis and hybrids) are commonly found at C. gigas culture sites. The objective of this study was to investigate if Mytilus spp. can harbour the virus and if viral transmission can occur between mussels and oysters. Mytilus spp. living at oyster trestles, 400–500 m higher up the shore from the trestles and up to 26 km at non-culture sites were screened for OsHV-1 and variants by all the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) recommended diagnostic methods including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), histology, in situ hybridization and confirmation using direct sequencing. The particular primers that target OsHV-1 and variants, including OsHV-1 microVar (μVar), were used in the PCR and qPCR. OsHV-1 μVar was detected in wild Mytilus spp. at C. gigas culture sites and more significantly the virus was detected in mussels at non-culture sites. Cohabitation of exposed wild mussels and naïve C. gigas resulted in viral transmission after 14 days, under an elevated temperature regime. These results indicate that mussels can harbour OsHV-1 μVar; however, the impact of OsHV-1 μVar on Mytilus spp. requires further investigation.

Keywords

CohabitationCrassostrea gigasHerpesvirusinterspecies transmissionMytilus spp.temperature
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 145 , Issue 8 , July 2018 , pp. 1095 - 1104
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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