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Survival and development of chicken ascarid eggs in temperate pastures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2017

SUNDAR THAPA ,
STIG M. THAMSBORG ,
NICOLAI V. MEYLING ,
SURAJ DHAKAL  and
HELENA MEJER
SUNDAR THAPA*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
STIG M. THAMSBORG
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
NICOLAI V. MEYLING
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Section for Organismal Biology, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
SURAJ DHAKAL
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Section for Organismal Biology, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
HELENA MEJER
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. E-mail: sundar@sund.ku.dk
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Summary

Eggs of chicken ascarids (Ascaridia galli and Heterakis spp.) are believed to be hardy and survive for long periods. However, this has not been evaluated quantitatively and our study therefore aimed to determine development and recovery of chicken ascarid eggs after burying in pasture soil. Unembryonated eggs were mixed with soil, placed in sealed nylon bags and buried at 7 cm depth in pasture plots April (spring, n = 72) and December 2014 (winter, n = 72). Eight randomly selected bags per season were used to estimate pre-burial egg recovery [0 week post-burial (wpb)]. Eight random bags were removed at 5, 12, 23, 38, 52, 71 wpb per season and additionally at 104 wpb for spring burial. The content of each bag was analysed for numbers and development stages of eggs. Eggs buried in spring were fully embryonated within 12 wpb. In contrast, eggs buried in winter were developing between 23 and 38 wpb, so that all viable eggs seemed to be fully developed by 38 wpb. About 90% eggs disappeared within 23 wpb (spring) and 38 wpb (winter). Small proportions (2–3%) of seemingly viable and infective eggs were still recovered up to 2 years after deposition. In conclusion, most eggs buried in temperate pasture soil seem to experience a heavy mortality within a few months after the deposition, especially during warm periods. However, a small proportion of eggs may survive and remain infective for at least 2 years.

Keywords

Ascaridia galliHeterakisseasonegg mortality
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 144 , Issue 9 , August 2017 , pp. 1243 - 1252
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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